Chapter 8 Online Review OS

Humans began using seaweeds:

At least as far back as the first native American settlers.

The Sargasso Sea is found in the:

Atlantic Ocean.

Some biologists place the seaweeds in the kingdom Plantae; others consider seaweeds to be protists. Assume that a better arrangement is to group the green, brown, and red algae in their own kingdom, which we will call Macrophyta. Characterize the new kingdom by first giving its unique characteristics and then differentiate it from the protists and the true plants. Be sure to consider major exceptions or overlaps.

Green, red, and brown algae are all unicellular. They are also less complex then seaweeds. They have a better reproductive mechanism. Both Plantae and Macrophyta are eukaryotic.

Compare and contrast seaweeds and plants.

Seaweeds: multicellular, eukaryotic, lack true leaves, stems, & roots, benthic Plants: photosynthetic, multicellular, eukaryotic, true leaves, stems, & leaves, mostly terrestrial

Which of the following is true of coralline red algae?

They accumulate calcium carbonate.

In which marine environments are the main groups of flowering plants found?

They are found in estuaries and shores protected from wave action.

Which of the following is true of green algae?

They have pigments similar to those found in land plants.

Which of the following is a gelatinous substance extracted from algae that is used as a growth media in microbiology labs?

agar

Macroalgae can be best differentiated from phytoplankton by the fact that macroalgae:

are mostly multicellular.

Algae and many bacteria are primary producers. In contrast to the types of the bacteria that are primary producers, however, all types of algae:

are photosynthetic.

Mangroves live in coastal waters that:

are well protected from strong wave action.

Another word for primary producer is:

autotroph.

Reproduction in seaweeds can be very complex. It generally includes:

both sexual and asexual reproduction.

The most complex and largest of all the macroalgae is a member of which of the following groups?

brown algae

Kelp is a:

brown algae.

The thallus of a macroalgae refers to its:

complete body.

Macroalgae can be best differentiated from true plants because macroalgae:

do not have true roots, leaves, or stems.

The most common species of seagrass is _______, which provides estuarine habitat to many economically important species.

eelgrass

Algin is a natural product extracted from seaweeds. It is used as a(n):

emulsifier in processed foods.

Macroalgae are:

eukaryotic.

Which of the following groups of algae is found mostly in fresh water and on land, such that only a small number of this group are actually marine?

green algae

Salt-tolerant plants such as those found in salt marshes are called:

halophytes.

The root-like, anchoring structure of many macroalgae is called the:

holdfast.

Like soybeans, algae can be used as biofuel. Unlike soybeans:

it does not increase food prices.

Which of the following is not a vascular flowering plant found in marine environments?

kelp

Algae usually are included among the Protista. Some biologists, however, place them instead in:

kingdom Plantae.

Encrusting algae are commonly found living:

on rocks.

Kelp beds supply:

oxygen. food for humans. habitat.

Which group of macroalgae has the greatest number of species?

red algae

Marine flowering plants can be best differentiated from macroalgae by the fact that marine flowering plants:

reproduce by producing seeds.

The stem-like structure of a macroalgae such as kelp is called the:

stipe.

Which of the following areas are associated with myths and legends of sea monsters and ghost ships?

the Sargasso Sea

Marine green algae can tolerate a wide range of salinities, allowing them to dominate in locations such as:

tide pools and estuaries.