American Imperialism
Teller Amendment
(1898) U.S. declared Cuba free from Spain, but the Teller Amendment disclaimed any American intention to annex Cuba.
Boxer Rebellion
1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops.
Treaty of Portsmouth
1905 treaty between Russia and Japan ending the Russo-Japanese War
Puerto Rico
A U.S territory; the U.S gained it from Spain as a result of the Spanish-American War. People here have U.S citizenship and many here would like it to be a U.S state. Annexed in 1898
humanitarian
A person working for the welfare of all humans
Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
Open Door Policy
A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China.
Monroe Doctrine
A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere.
What was one of the arguments used in favor of these changes?
A. American industries need raw materials and markets found overseas
Why is the Spanish-American War considered a turning point in U.S. history?
A. It revealed that the Unite States had become a world power.
Philippines
After decades of nationalist resistance against the Spanish (and violent repression of activists) this Pacific Island nation proudly declared independence in 1898. But the Spanish had handed control over to the USA, who had no plans to recognize their independence.
Hawaii
America attained Hawaii by forcing the Hawaiian King to sign a constitution and reduced his power. The Queen Liliuokalani gave up her country because she didn't want to go to war with America.
Spheres of Influnece
Areas in which countries have some political and economic control nut don't govern directly.
Which conclusion can be best drawn from this map?
B. American imperialists saw their nation's main opportunities in the pacific and the Caribbean
Before 1898, most Americans had opposed imperialism. Why did imperialism suddenly become more popular in the United States by the end of the century?
B. Americans wanted to sell goods to new markets and buy raw materials for new industries
Which of these was a negative result of the construction of the Panama Canal?
B. Colombia and other Latin American countries resented U.S interference in the Panamanian revolt against Colombia.
After observing how the European great powers had carved out "spheres of influence" in China, what actions did U.S Secretary of State Hays propose?
B. The United States and other foreign nations should enjoy equal trading rights in China
How did engineers overcome the obstacles that the geography of Panama posed to the building of the Panama Canal?
B. They sprayed insecticides to kill mosquitoes and built concrete locks to raise ships to a higher elevation
Panama Canal
Built to make passage between Atlantic and Pacific oceans easier and faster.
What point of view did Johnson express?
C. Imperialism seeks to conquer and exploit weaker peoples rather than to help them
How did the Platt Amendment differ from the Teller Amendment?
C. The Platt Amendment preserved Cuban independence but claimed the right to intervene in Cuban affairs
Commodore Dewey
Commodore during the Spanish-American War who captured the Philippines and Guam. Followed Roosevelt's order to attack Spanish forces in the Philippines when war was declared; completely destroyed the Spanish fleet stationed at Manila Bay. His victory shed light on the adjusted purpose of war with Spain, from just freeing Cuba to stripping Spain of all of its colonies.
Platt Amendment
Cuba could not make treaties that might limit its independence or permit a foreign power to control any part of its territory
What other strategy did Mahan advocate for the United States to succeed as a naval power?
D. Building a canal through Central America
Which of the following provides the best evidence in support of the view that Americans went to war with Spain in 1898 for humanitarian purposes?
D. Congress passed the Teller Amendment promising that the United States would annex Cuba, even if it won the war.
Which exiled Cuban leader raised money in Ybor City and other cities in Florida to organize a new revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba?
D. José Marti
What is the main idea of this political cartoon?
D. President McKinley and the Senate pushed through the annexation of Hawaii despite opposition at home and in Hawaii
To what event do the cartoon and President Roosevelt's statement refer?
D. Roosevelt's decision to help Panamanian rebels against Colombia in exchange for the Canal Zone
Which American city served as the main port of embarkation for the "Rough Riders" and other American forces sent to Cuba during the Spanish American War?
D. Tampa, Florida
Based on this speech, what conclusion can be made about the views of American imperialists in 1900?
D. They saw the Philippines as a useful base for increasing American trade with East Asia
Which phrase completes the diagram?
D. U.S forces fight a three year war against Filipino rebels seeking independence
William Randolph Hearst
He was a leading newspaper publisher in America. He created the world's largest newspaper and magazine business, also competed with Pulitzer using yellow journalism.
Spanish-American War
In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence
Big Stick Policy
International negotiations backed by the threat of force
Yellow Journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Jose Marti
Organized a rebellion while living in exile in the United States.
Watchful waiting
Policy by Woodrow Wilson of rejecting alliances with leaders who took control through force until a determination of their interests could be made
USS Maine
Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War
San Juan Hill
Site of the most famous battle of the Spanish-American war, where Theodore Roosevelt successfully leads the Rough Riders in a charge against the Spanish trenches
Rough Riders
The First United States Volunteer Calvary, a mixure of Ivy League athletes and western frontiermen, volunteered to fight in the Spanish-American War. Enlisted by Theodore Roosevelt, they won many battles in Florida and enlisted in the invasion army of Cuba.
Manila Bay
This Battle took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish-American War. The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the Spanish Pacific Squadron under Admiral Patricio Montojo that marked an end to wooden ships to the more powerful American Steel Navy.
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History, which argued that control of the sea was the key to world dominance;it stimulated the naval race among the great powers.
Yellow Fever
a disease transmitted by mosquitoes: its symptoms inclued high fever and vomiting
Ostend Manifesto
a document written in 1854 that described the rationale for the United States to purchase Cuba from Spain while implying that the U.S. should declare war if Spain refused.
Roosevelt Corollary
asserting that the U.S. might intervene in the affairs of an American republic threatened with seizure or intervention by a European country.
Mark Twain
bitter critic of imperialism. Member of the Anti-Imperialist League.
Anti-Imperialist League
critics of imperialism
White Man's Burden
idea that many European countries had a duty to spread their religion and culture to those less civilized
Queen Liliuokalani
the Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests
Dollar Diplomacy
the use of a country's financial power to extend its international influence.
Cuba
wanted independence from Spain. The U.S got involved by protecting Cuba
De Lome Letter
written by the Spanish Ambassador to the United States, Enrique Dupuy de Lôme, criticized American President William McKinley by calling him weak and concerned only with gaining the favor of the crowd.
