American Pop Music Chaper 1

Broadsides

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Call and response

A characteristic feature of much African American music and which musical forces alternate with one another usually in quick succession these forces may be a solo singer with a chorus or Black backing group Sun lines with guitar or band passages and instrumental solo with a larger instrumental group or other groupings. This form of expression has spread to many musical styles and genres but as characteristically African phenomenon in its Origins and so is most associated in America with African American expression

The hook

A memorable musical phrase or riff

Arranger

A person who adapts or arranges Melody and chords of the song to exploit the capabilities and instrumental resources of a particular musical ensemble.

Dialect

A regional speech variant one may allude to Regional music dialects to describe stylistic variants of the same musical genre as with Mississippi delta blues or east Texas Blues

Riff

A repeated pattern designed to generate rhythmic momentum

Chorus

A repeating section within the song consisting of a fixed Melody and lyric that is repeated exactly each time that it occurs typically fall in one or more verses

Groove

A term that evokes the channel the flow of swinging funky or Phat rhythms

Spiritual

A type of sacred song created by and for African Americans that originated in oral tradition performers by groups like The Fisk Jubilee singers and the late 19th earliest 20th century centuries did much to popularize the form as did later singers like Mahalia Jackson and Paul Robeson

Ballad

A type of song consisting usually of verses set to a repeating melody in which a story, off and romantic, historic, or tragic, is sung in narrative fashion

A&R

Artist and repertoire

The producer

Converting the board of directors to record a company to back a particular project, shaping the development of new talent and often intervening directly in the recording process

Barbara Allen

First definitely documented in London 1666 a British ballad and first published in broadside ballad there around 1690 under the title Barbara Allen's cruelty. Child Bella number 84 reference to its inclusion in France Jade child's five-volume English and Scottish popular ballads 1882 to 1898 still the definite Anthology and its field

Verse

In general usage this term refers to a group of lines of poetic text off and running that usually exhibit regular recurring metrical patterns.

BackBeat

In rock music the accenting of the second and fourth beat of a four beat bar.

Folk music

In the most General sense music that is orally transmitted and closely bound up with the daily laws and customs of local communities more specifically a popular music style of the late 1950s and early 1960s

British ballad tradition

One of the main roots of American music and its predecessor of such diverse genre is urban folk music country music and rock and roll

Montuno

Spanish term for a formal section within a performance of Afro Cuban dance music such as a Rumba Mambo or salsa generally the second half if a given piece alternates a fixed focal refrain with a solo vocal improvisation and may also include instrumental solos

Artist and repertoire

The department of record company whose responsibility it is to discover and cultivate new musical talent and to find material for the artist to perform naturally with an eye toward commercial potential as many artists today write and record their own material the letter function of A&R has atrophied to some extent.

Black Spirituals

The most impressive and extensive Repertory created by the slaves American folk songs spirituals were son as lullabies

Timbre

The quality of a sound sometimes called tone color

Polyrhythm

The simultaneous sounding of rhythms in two or more contrasting meters such as three against two or five against four...these are found in abundance in African and Asian music and their derivatives

Lyrics

The words of a song

Composer and lyricist

The writer of the songs

Sound print of a performer

Timbre plays an important role in establishing this.

Soldier's Joy

Also known as the king's head is one of the most venerable popular and widely distributed fiddle tunes and the old-time repertoire