American Red Cross BLS

"I'll call the code and grab the AED.""The code team is on the way. I have the AED and will set it up" What type of communication is this

Closed Loop communication

An adult patient who has collapsed is unresponsive. When conducting a rapid assessment of the patient, you simultaneously check breathing and a carted pulse for at least 5 seconds, but no more than: ______

10 seconds

Mr. Goodman is unresponsive. Valerie must now simultaneously check for breathing and a pulse for at least 5 seconds but no more than ....?

10 seconds

Kirron arrives and took over compressions. To ensure high-quality CPR, providers should switch off giving compressions every __ minutes or sooner.

2

The room is safe to enter. As you approach Mrs.Bailey you do not see any signs of life theatening bleeding, but she appears unresponsive. Which action should you perform next?

Use the shout-tap-shout sequence

"I know you're worried, but we are doing everything we can. Please step over her so we can care for him. We will update you as soon as possible" Is this an example of effective family communication?

Yes-True

What is the correct volume of air to deliver during ventilations?

700 mL

The BLS team is caring for an unresponsive male patient who is not breathing normally but has a pulse. As directed by the team leader, you go into the waiting room to speak to the family or others who may be present. Which statement best demonstrates good communication skills by the team member?

"His condition has not improved; I'll give you all the information I can and if you need me to re-explain anything please let me know"

The Cardiac Chain of survival describes the five actions that, when performed in rapid succession, increase the patients likelihood of surviving sudden cardiac arrest. Place the link in the In-Hospital Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival in the correct order

1. Surveillance and prevention 2. Activation of the emergency response system 3. Early CPR 4. Early defibrillation 5. Integrated post-cardiac arrest care

Rapid Assessment of Mrs.Bailey's breathing reveals irregular gasping breaths. You are correctly identify this pattern of breathing as:

Agonal breaths. These are not normal breathing and can occur if the patient has stopped breathing. This is a sign of cardiac arrest and you need to care for the patient as if they are not breathing.

You stop to check breathing and pulse and clearly state "I cannot locate a pulse" You recognize that Mr.Henderson is now experiencing which emergency condition?

Cardiac Arrest

"I'm getting a little tires" You direct Lauren and Sam to switch roles after they complete the CPR cycle. The teams action's best represents which practice used to prevent errors?

Crew resource management

Acting as the team leader during a resuscitation event, you use all available resources (including people, equipment, and procedures) to promote effective and efficient teamwork and reduce the likelihood of human error. You are demonstrating which skill?

Crew resource management

An adult has stopped breathing but has a pulse. Which action would be appropriate?

Give 1 ventilation every 5 to 6 seconds

What should you do next? (Mr Henderson is on the ground with a pulse but not breathing)

Give ventilations

Mr. Goodman is exhibiting signs and symptoms of which condition? (he is agitated and complaining of pain)

Heart attack. Not cardiac arrest because he is still responsive

An adult patient is unresponsive. You have opened their airway and are simultaneously checking for breathing and a pulse. To check for normal breathing, which actions are appropriate to do?

Look to see whether the chest rises and falls Listen for escaping air Feel for breathing against the side of your cheek

Which of the following depicts the anterior/lateral position for AED pad placement ?

Patients upper right chest, below the right clavicle to the right of the sternum Patients lower left chest along the midaxillary line, a few inches below the left armpit

If the patient is not breathing normally and has no pulse, you must perform single-provider CPR. What should you do?

Perform 30 chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 200 per minute. Then deliver 2 ventilations, each lasting about 1 second, with a pocket mask or mouth-to-mouth.

Who is the best person to communicate patient status and care completed to the code team?

Team Leader

After exposing the patients chest, how should your hands be positioned?

Two hands, one on top of the other, fingers interlaced

As you check Mrs. Bailey's breathing, you look to see whether her chest rises and falls, listen for escaping air and feel for breathing against the side of your cheek. Is this the correct course of action?

Yes

Is it safe to use an AED on a patient who has body piercings?

Yes

Is it safe to use an AED on a patient who is pregnant?

Yes

After the resuscitation event, the BLS team conducted a debriefing session to ensure continuous CPR quality improvement. Which observation or data point suggests a need for improvement ?

a CCF less than 60-80%

If capnography were in use, an ETCO2 level of ___ would indicate to the team that there could be a problem with the quality of chest compressions.

below 10 mmHg

Mrs. Bailey is unresponsive. You suspect she may have a head injury. Which technique should you use to open Mrs.Bailey's airway?

modified jaw-thrust maneuver

An adult in the waiting room has collapsed to the floor. The environment is safe. Upon reaching the person, you use the "shout-tap-shout" sequence to:

Check for responsiveness

You and another provider are preforming CPR on an adult patient in cardiac arrest. An advanced airway is not yet in place. Which actions demonstrate appropriate care?

- you use a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 - One provider focuses on rapid assessment and starting CPR; the other calls for additional resources and gets the AED - You use the same hand position and compression rate and depth as you would for a single provider CPR

You are evaluating the quality of CPR provided for the BLS team. Which methods would you use for this evaluation?

- visual observation - feedback device - chest compression fraction - capnography

The BLS team is caring for a patient who just went into cardiac arrest. The team leader asks you to call the code team. Which statement best demonstrates appropriate closed-loop communication?

"Got it. I'll call the code team"

Which of the following statements about performing chest compressions for adults are true?

-If using a feedback device, make sure the compressions are no more than 2.4 inches deep -compress the chest to a depth of at least 2 inches - allow the chest to fully recoil after each compression - provide smooth compressions at a rate of 100 to 120

What should you do if ROSC is achieved?

-check for breathing and a pulse Stop Cpr/Aed use -monitor patient until the advanced cardiac life support team takes over

While simultaneously checking for breathing and a pulse, you correctly adhere to which time interval?

At least 5 seconds but no more than 10

To minimize interruptions in chest compressions, what should Valerie do during the AED analysis and shock?

Hover in position so you are ready to resume CPR immediately. Do not touch the patient while the AED is analyzing or when the shock is being delivered.

Mr. Henderson grimaces and says "I can't catch my breath" Then he collapses to the ground. You notice he appears pale and cyanotic. What do you do first?

Preform the shout-tap-shout sequence

You get the AED and check for breathing and a pulse. You note he is not breathing but has a pulse. What emergency condition is Mr. Henderson experiencing?

Respiratory Arrest

Joanne applied the AED pads using the anterior/lateral position. However, if Mr.Goodman had a pacemaker or ICD, she would adjust pad placement as necessary to avoid placing the AED pads directly over the pacemaker or ICD, T or F?

True

Once the airway is open, you simultaneously check for breathing and pulse. Is this the correct course of action?

Yes

After performing a rapid assessment, you find that an adult patient is unresponsive, is not breathing and does not have a pulse. You recognize that the patient is experiencing:

cardiac arrest

Now that your hands are positioned correctly, where should you place them not he patients torso?

center of the patients chest on the lower half of the sternum - in between the bottom of the pecs

When you asked the daughter to assist you with Mrs.Price, you took advantage of a readily available resource to find a solution. This is an example of:

problem solving

You are about to start your morning rounds, when you hear a loud crash in Mrs.Bailey's room. When you enter her doorway, you see her lying on the floor with her walker tipped over next to her. You must first perform a visual survey. What actions should you take?

- Scan the patients room for any obvious hazards - Observe for any signs of illness or injury, including life threatening bleeding - determine whether any additional help is needed

Steps in providing CPR

- conduct rapid assessment - place patient on a firm, flat surface - position your hands correctly - provide 30 chest compressions - seal the mask and open the airway - provide 2 ventilations - switch positions every 2 minutes - continue CPR cycles

Valerie has established that Mr. Goodman does not have a pulse and is not breathing, and she has exposed the chest. She must immediately begin CPR while Joanne retrieves and sets up the AED. Which actions should the team take to ensure that they are providing high-quality CPR?

- provide smooth compression at a rate of 100-120 bpm - at least a depth of 2 but no more than 2.4 in - allow chest to fully recoil after each compression - provide smooth ventilations that last 1 second each until the chest rises not extra

Which of these actions are appropriate ways to minimize interruptions in chest compressions ?

- switch positions while the AED analyzes - continue compressions while the AED pads are placed - Remain in position with the hands a few inches above the patients chest during shock delivery

Identify the situation where it is safe to use an AED - patient is wearing jewelry, body piercings and the pads are not placed over the piercings - pt is experiencing cardiac arrest as a result of a traumatic injury - patient is lying in a large puddle of water - patient is near flammable materials like free flowing oxygen - patient in on a metal surface provided the AED pads do not touch the surface - if the patient has a pace maker and the pads are not placed over it -if the patient is pregnant

- yes - yes - no - no - yes - yes - yes

You are working as part of a BLS team, providing care to a patient in cardiac arrest. Which actions demonstrate critical thinking?

1. Anticipating roles and functions as part of a team based on the patients presentation and condition 2. Re-evaluating the situation for changes, interpreting these changes and modifying patient care accordingly 3. Determining a course of action based on assessment findings.

You enter an adult patients room to provide routine care. Noticing the patient slumped over in the recliner, you perform a quick visual survey. This includes which of the following actions?

Assessing for safety

You are ready to apply AED pads to a patient who has a transdermal medication patch. What should you do?

Before applying AED pads, remove the transdermal medication patch with a gloved hand and wipe away any remaining medication from the skin.

You enter a patients room and find them lying supine in bed seemingly unresponsive . After performing a rapid assessment and determining your patient is in cardiac arrest, you call for additional resources and an AED. How soon after recognizing cardiac arrest should you begin compressions ?

Begin within 10 seconds

The AED arrives, and you attach the pads appropriately and clear the area. When the AED is analyzing or delivering shock, what should you do?

Hover your hands over the patient's chest, taking care not to touch the patient.

You are a part of a team providing BLS to a patient in cardiac arrest. The code team has been notified and has just arrived on the scene. Which person is responsible for communicating information about the patients states to the code team?

The person who is acting as the team leader

Which is the correct technique for delivering ventilations to a patient in cardiac arrest?

The provider should deliver 2 ventilations that last about 1 second each and make the chest begin to rise

Providers are preparing to deliver ventilations to a patient in cardiac arrest. One provider seals the mask with both hands in the E-C hand position and simultaneously opens the airway to a past neutral position. The other provider depresses the bag. How much volume should be administered?

The provider should supply 400-700 mL, depressing the bag halfway