American Urban History Final

Urban Elites

(best long term interest) sincerely saw their interest as best for city

progressivism

-middle class movement, control -prohibition, largely motivated for behavior of others, control undemocratic- expert rule

alternatives

-number of efforts to weaken machines, municipal reform (alliances of the best people) 1. decrease democratic participation 2. replace ward based representations with at large voting 3. appointed rather than elected officials, civil services

policing

1. heirarchal 2. semi-military 3. uniformed 4. fixed salaries 5. right to use force 6. duties 7. specialized in crime

american urbanization

1. relatively unregulated 2. relative prosperity (good employment) 3. abundant land 4. high mobility

preindustrial era

1600s-1830s commercial economic base-water

industrial era

1830, end of WW2, centralization, water, railroad

fire

California, wine country Oct. 8-9

hurricanes

Harvey- Aug. 26th-4-TX Irma-Sep 10th-5-FLA Maria-Sep 20th-5/4-P.R,V.I Nate-Oct. 7th-8th-1-L.A.,MISS.

continuity

capitalist, largely unplanned, growth orientated, industry & housing spread out

nightwatches

citizens were required, eye out for fires, if they did not show up for their shifts they would be fined

humanitarian

control, insensitive, vocational school

city services

downplays negatives, wouldn't pick up garbage, help not impartial, corruption-stealing, selling votes (bribes), city services non refundent, mercessily high tax rebate, corruption(vice area), extortion (machines controlled licensing)

constable

employed by courts, afford services

disease

epidemic (common; worse in the south) want to maintain

broad

everyone could vote by 1920

metropolitan region

major central place along w/ satellite cities and suburbs, or even a regional congregation, of medium urban places, and suburbs w/o a major central place

postindustrialization era

metropolitan 1920-present

change

population in cities, noneuropean concentration, inability to annex

1) Core populations

priests, boarding houses

ghetto

quarter of a city where a minority group lives, because social, legal, or economic pressure

2) formal, informal institutions

religious, ethnic groups, businesses

reciprocity

the machine helped out and you vote for the machine

social groups

threat, strong arm tactic, sheer persistence, organization

decentralization

trucks, electricity, air

machine politics

understanding, dampen social tensions, scheduled raids, surpressing conflict, tied to class status quo, not support, literal sellouts, made cities work, get programs passed, help available

yellow fever

virus, comes from female mosquito bit, no warning to the people

3) group concentration

working class

urban people

working class,