anatomy and physiology 2 quiz one

hemostasis steps

1) vascular spasm- vasorestriction 2) platelets plug form- platelets stick to collgen, clotting factor 3) coagulation (blood clotting factors) vitamin K is needed for synthesizing factors

makes up 8 percent of body weight: males have _______ females have_____

5 and 6 liters 4 and 5 liters

blood is mad up of

55 percent- plasma(least dense) 1 percent- Buffy coat(luekocytes and platelets 45 percent- erythrocytes ​

PH value of Blood

7.35-7.45

The first step in hemostasis is ________. a. vascular spasm b. conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin c. activation of the intrinsic pathway d. activation of the common pathway

A) vascular spasm

what does albumin do?

Albumin helps keep water from diffusing out of the bloodstream into the extracellular matrix of tissues.

People with ABO blood type O ________. a. have both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes b. lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes c. have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies circulating in their blood plasma d. are considered universal recipients

B lack both antigens A and B on their erythrocytes

Which of the following describes a neutrophil? a. abundant, agranular, especially effective against cancer cells b. abundant, granular, especially effective against bacteria c. rare, agranular, releases antimicrobial defensins d. rare, granular, contains multiple granules packed with histamine

B) abundant granular, especially effective against bacteria

what must be present for homeostasis in blood and DNA synthesis?

B12 and follic acid

Which of the formed elements arise from myeloid stem cells? a. B cells b. natural killer cells c. platelets d. all of the above

C

The process by which leukocytes squeeze through adjacent cells in a blood vessel wall is called ________. a. leukocytosis b. positive chemotaxis c. emigration d. cytoplasmic extending

C emigration

A patient has been suffering for 2 months with a chronic, watery diarrhea. A blood test is likely to reveal ________. a. a hematocrit below 30 percent b. hypoxemia c. anemia d. polycythemia

D polycythemia

Athletes abuse

EPO, gives higher stamina but increase hematocrit levels 65% makes blood sludge

monocleosis

Epstein barr virus number of agranulocytes

lymphoid =

agranular

dietary requirments for erythropoiesis

amino acids, fats and lipids, carbohydrates, and iron (must be paired with protein)

Blood spreads from the left vertircle to the -

aorta then small arteries, then arterioles, then capillary beds then to tissue

addison's anemia

autoimmune disease, not enough red blood vessels cells destroy stomach mucosa and cant destroy b12

cardiac output

blood from the left ventricle

B lymphocytes precursor gives rise to b lymphocytes that mature in ______

bone marrow

most blood cells originate ______ and don't _____

bone marrow divide

Globulins include both

both antibodies and the blood proteins that transport lipids, iron, and copper.

. Which of the following statements about blood is true? a. Blood is about 92 percent water. b. Blood is slightly more acidic than water. c. Blood is slightly more viscous than water. d. Blood is slightly more salty than seawater.

c

Luekemia

clones of abnormal cells named after the affected cell ion

Which of the following plasma proteins is not produced by the liver? a. fibrinogen b. alpha globulin c. beta globulin d. immunoglobulin

d

Interleukins are associated primarily with which of the following? a. production of various lymphocytes b. immune responses c. inflammation d. all of the above

d all of the above

The production of healthy erythrocytes depends upon the availability of ________. a. copper b. zinc c. vitamin B12 d. copper, zinc, and vitamin B12

d copper,zinc,vitamin b12

Hematapoiesis is the ____

formation of ALL blood cells

myloid =

granulocytes

Where do all leukocytes originate from?

hemocytoblasts

erythrocytes are filled with _____ for gas transport

hemoglobin

chronic hemorrhagic anemia

hemorrhoids, bleeding ulcer

too many red blood cells

high blood viscosity difficult for blood to travel, high blood pressure

tye only complete blood cell is ____

luekocytes

Luekocytes Never Let Monkeys Eat Banana's

neutrophils (50-70%) lymphocytes (25-45%) monocytes eosinophils (2-4%) basophils (0.5-1%)

hemorrhagic anemia

severe wounds blood leak (needs transfusion)

heart beat that can be heard-

sytolic

lymphocyte precursor gives rise to T lymphocyte and matures in _______

thymus

too few red blood cells

tissue hypoxia (not enough oxygen) ​

3 main functions of blood

transport. regulation, protection

Blood type AB is the _____

universal recipient

A patient has been experiencing severe, persistent allergy symptoms that are reduced when she takes an antihistamine. Before the treatment, this patient was likely to have had increased activity of which leukocyte? a. basophils b. neutrophils c. monocytes d. natural killer cells

A basophils

Which of the following statements about erythropoietin is true? a. It facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocyte lineage. b. It is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. c. It is a hemopoietic growth factor that prompts lymphoid stem cells to leave the bone marrow. d. Both a and b are true

A it facilitates the proliferation and differentiation of the erythrocyte lineage

Hemophilia is characterized by ________. a. inadequate production of heparin b. inadequate production of clotting factors c. excessive production of fibrinogen d. excessive production of platelets

b) inadequate of heparin

heart beat that cant be heard

diastolic

Fibrinogen is the

plasma protein involved in a series of chemical reactions that achieves blood clotting

Thrombocytes are more accurately called ________. a. clotting factors b. megakaryoblasts c. megakaryocytes d. platelets

A clotting factors

Which of the following statements about mature, circulating erythrocytes is true? a. They have no nucleus. b. They are packed with mitochondria. c. They survive for an average of 4 days. d. All of the above

A they have no nucleus

Which of the following statements about albumin is true? a. It draws water out of the blood vessels and into the body's tissues. b. It is the most abundant plasma protein. c. It is produced by specialized leukocytes called plasma cells. d. All of the above are true.

b

T and B lymphocytes ________. a. are polymorphonuclear b. are involved with specific immune function c. proliferate excessively in leukopenia d. are most active against parasitic worms

b) are involved with specific immune function.

The process in which antibodies attach to antigens, causing the formation of masses of linked cells, is called ________. a. sensitization b. coagulation c. agglutination d. hemolysis

c agglutination

Aging and damaged erythrocytes are removed from the circulation by ________. a. myeoblasts b. monocytes c. macrophages d. mast cells

c. macrophages

Hemolytic disease of the newborn is a risk during a subsequent pregnancy in which ________. a. a type AB person is carrying a type O fetus b. a type O person is carrying a type AB fetus c. an Rh+ person is carrying an Rh− fetus d. an Rh− person is carrying a second Rh+ fetus

d) an Rh - person is carrying a second RH-positive fetus

. Prothrombin is converted to thrombin during the ________. a. intrinsic pathway b. extrinsic pathway c. common pathway d. formation of the platelet plug

d) formation of the platelet plug

has digestive enzymes on worms

eosinophil

hematocrit is the percentage of blood volume that consists of

erythrocytes