Anatomy & Physiology I: Chapter Review

The axis is the only vertebra with

a dens

Have no ducts but produce horomones

endocrine glands

A child's hair is mostly

vellus

Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has A. 12 neutrons and 11 protons B. 12 protons and 11 neutrons C. 12 electrons and 11 neutrons D. 12 protons and 11 electrons E. 12 electrons and 11 protons

12 neutrons and 11 protons.

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of A. an exchange reaction B. a synthesis reaction C. a decomposition reaction D. a catalyzed reaction E. an exerginic reaction

a synthesis reaction

Suppose you cup your hands to hold some water. This action would most likely involve

adduction of the fingers

In a herniated, ruptured, or slipped disc this area of fibrocartilage called the_____cracks and the_____oozes out and may put painful pressure on the spinal cord or spinal nerve.

annulus fibrosus; nucleus pulposus

A decrease in the size of a tissue

atrophy

Chromosomes 1-22

autosomes

Arteriosclerosis is an example of ectopic ossification where

calcification occurs outside of bone

All of the following substances can contribute to the color of skin. Of these, only______is of dietary orgin. A. hemoglobin B. collagen C. melanin D. carotene E. bilirubin

carotene

The joint between the ribs and costal cartilage is a_____joint which is specifically called a_____.

cartilaginous; synchondrosis

The smallest unit of an organism that carries out all the basic functions of life is an A. molecule B. organelle C. cell D. tissue E. organ

cell

The second most abundant of the lipids in the plasma membrane are

cholesterol

Two groups of people were tested to determine whether garlic lowers blood cholesterol levels. One group was given 800 mg of garlic powder daily for four months and exhibited an average 12% reduction in the blood cholesterol. The other group was not given any garlic and after 4 months averaged 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was not given the garlic was the A. control group B. test group C. placebo group D. peer group E. double-blind group

control group

The temporomandibular joint represents the articulations of the ____of the mandible with the_____of the temporal bone. A. condylar process; mandibular fossa B. coronoid process; mandibular fossa C. condylar procees; styloid process D. coronoid process; styloid process E. coracoid process; mastoid process

coronoid process; styloid process

which of the following tissues is found in the dermis of the skin? A. adipose B. simple squamous C. stratified squamous D. dense irreguar E. dense regular

dense irregular

The wrist is____to the elbow A. dorsal B. ventral C. proximal D. distal E. medial

distal

Which of the following tissues is avascular?

epithealial and cartilage

Most cholesterol in the body comes from the diet, but a little of it is internally synthesized.

false

Only a heterozygous individual can be a genetic carrier

false

Positive feedback usually helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance

false

The polysaccharide that is stored in humans in the liver and muscle is called ______and is made up of the monomer or monosaccharide called _____

glycogen; glucose

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. The concentration of the solution is ____to the concentration of the intracellular fluid and will cause the cell to ______.

higher; shrink

Most bones develop from

hyaline cartilage

A man raises his chin to shave his neck. This action is A. elevation of the mandible B. extension of the neck C. hyperextension of the neck D. abduction of the neck E. dorsiflexion of the neck

hyperextension of the neck

A concentrated solution that causes a cell to shrink is____to the cell

hypertonic

The superior lateral regions of the abdomen are called the____regions A. epigastric B. inguinal C. hypochondriac D. lateral abdominal E. hypogastric

hypochondriac

Most people think that ulcers are caused by psychological stress. It was discovered that an acid-resistant bacteria, Heliobacter Pylori, lives in the lining of the stomach. If these bacteria cause ulcers, then treatment with an antibiotic should reduce ulcers. This line of investigation is called A. hypothetical reasoning B. hypothetico-deductive reasoning C. the inductive method D. experimental design E. statistical analysis

hypothetico-deductive reasoning

If a person is homozygous for a certain train, he or she has

identical alleles for that gene

You are unable to form dendritic (langerhans) cells. Your skin would be more susceptible to

infection

This system provides protection, water retention, thermoregulation, and vitamin D production A. lymphatic system B. muscular system C. skeletal system D. integumentary system E. excretory system

integumentary system

The disaccharide that is found in milk is A. lactose B. maltose C. sucrose D. ribose E. galactose

lactose

The synthesis of cortriol is completed by the

liver and kidneys

Each clavicle articulates with

manubrium and scapula

The thoracic cavity is divided into right, left, & medial portions by a partition called the A. mediastinum B. diaphragm C. serous membrane D. meninges E. peritoneum

mediastinum

Muscle cells contain numerous____because of their high demand for ATP.

mitochondria

Glands that produce thick and sticky glands

mucous glands

Which of the following is not a connective tissue? A. blood B. bone C. cartilage D. muscle E. adipose

muscle

The epithelium that would most likely be found lining the esophagus and vagina is

nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Adults may have more than 206 bones because

of sesamoid and sutural bones

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of human structural complexity from the smallest to the largest structural units? A. organelles, organisms, organs, organ systems B. cells, organisms, organelles, organs, organ systems C. organelles, cells, organs, tissues, organism D. cells, organs, tissues, organisms organ systems E. organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

Feeling structures with your fingertips is called_______, while tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called_______. A. palpation;percussion B. ausculation; percussion C. percussion; ausculation D. palpation; ausculation

palpation; percussion

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of A. macrocytosis B. pinocytosis C. excosytosis D. phagocytosis E. active transport

phagocytosis

What functions would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

protein Synthesis

The system that exchanges carbon dioxide and oxygen and help is speech is the_____system, while the system that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide is the ____ system.

respiratory;circulatory

A high density of _____in a cell might suggest that it plays a role in detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The area of the neuron that houses the nucleus is called

soma

The tibia is one of the major weight-bearing bones of the leg and articulates inferiorly with this weight-bearing bone called the A. femur B. talus C. calcaneous D. fibula E. patella

talus

In melanized skin, the melanin accumulates mostly in A. the keratinocytes B. the melanocytes C. the Merkel cells D. the stratum spinosum E. the stratum pigmentosum

the keratinocytes

Debridement is a treatment for

third-degree burns

Stretch marks result from A. bleeding into the epidermis B. bleeding into the dermis C. photoaging of the skin D. worn out elastic fibers E. torn collagen fibers

torn collagen fibers