Anatomy and Physiology Quiz 1-16

False

Healthy paranasal sinuses are filled with mucus.

Medulla oblongata

Where are the cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers found?

Thalamus

Where do most second-order somesthetic neurons synapse with third-order neurons?

collagen and fibroblasts

Which of the following best describes the composition of the dermis?

Sensory receptor, afferent nerve fiber, interneuron, efferent nerve fiber, gland

Which of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Parietal bone

Which of the following bone is adjacent to both the coronal and lambdoid sutures?

Coxal joint

Which of the following is most stable joint?

scoliosis

Which of the following is the most common spinal curvature deformity?

A mistake made by the RNA polymerase

Which of these cannot cause a mutation?

G protein dissociates from the NE receptor

Which of these happens first in an adrenergic synaptic transmission?

K+, Na+, Ca2+

Which of these is a Cation?

water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B

Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B, then___.

hyaline cartilage

In endochondral ossification, the precursor connective tissue is __ which is replaced by bone.

False

In the brain, neurons are more abundant than neuroglia.

Stellate

In the cerebral cortex, which cells process information on a local level?

sucrose; glucose and fructose

Table sugar is a disaccharide called ___ and is made up of the monomers ___.

evolution

The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of___.

hairs to stand on end with no apparent function

The contraction of the piloerector muscles (pilomotor muscle or arrector pili) in human causes __.

True

The cornea belongs to the tunica fibrosa (fibrous layer) of the eyeball.

Epithelial

The covering of body surfaces and the lining of body cavities is composed of __ tissue.

True

The crossed extension reflex is the contraction of the extensors on one side of the body when the flexors are contracted on the other side.

False

The eccentric nervous system controls the digestive system with no extrinsic control necessary.

True

The elbow has both pivot and hinge joints.

False

The enzyme RNA polymerase participates in translation.

squamous

The flat-shaped cells found covering the skin are ___ in shape.

True

The forearm acts as a third-class lever during flexion of the elbow.

True

The forebrain consists of the cerebrum and the diencephalon.

True

The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the diffusion rate.

hydroxyapatite and other minerals; proteins

The hardness of bone comes from __ whereas __ provides some degree of flexibility.

False

The high heat capacity of water makes it a very ineffective coolant.

3 billion

The human genome consists of approximately __ pairs of nucleotides.

Adipose tissue

The hypodermis is characterized by an abundance of which tissue?

Cornea

Which of the following is not considered an accessory structure of the eye?

Fibroblasts

Which of the following is not found in the epidermis?

interstitial fluid

Which of the following is not one of the three basic components of a cell?

The sacroiliac joint

Which of the following is not part of the pectoral girdle?

an increase in reactant concentration

Which of the following will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Cholesterol

Which of these molecules is hydrophobic?

the viscera

"Somatosensory" does not refer to sensory signals from __.

True

An isometric contraction does not change muscle length.

Mole

A __ is an elevated patch of melanized skin.

True

The Wernicke area recognizes spoken and written language.

synostosis

The least movable joints are __ joints.

pH

The concentration of a solution may be expressed by all of the following except.

Occipital condyle

Which of the following articulates with the vertebral column?

denaturation

A drastic conformational change in a protein in response to extreme heat or pH is called __.

True

A cell starting prophase has 92 molecules of DNA in its Nucleus.

True

A cell's second messengers serve to transport material through cellular membranes.

evolution

A change in the genetic composition of a population over time is called ___

Acetylcholine

A cholinergic synapse uses __ as its neurotransmitter.

kidneys

80% of the lactate produced by the skeletal muscle is converted to pyruvate by the __.

The basiar membrane to vibrate vigorously near its distal end

A 100 dB sound (loud) of 150 Hz (low pitch) would cause which of the following to occur?

gene

A __ contains the necessary information for the production of a molecule of RNA.

hydrolysis; polymer

A ___ reaction breaks a ___ down into its monomers.

Supraspinatus

A baseball pitcher who injures one of his SITS muscles most commonly sustains tears to the tendon of which muscle?

pathologic

A break in a bone that is already weakened by some other disease is called a(n) __ fracture.

simple columnar; small intestine

A brush border of microvilli is found in __ epithelium, which can be found in the __.

cluster of neurosomas in the PNS

A ganglion is a __.

calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae

A heavyset middle-aged insurance salesman, who doesn't exercise often, accepts his friend's invitation to pick up basketball games. When attempting a jump shot, he falls to the ground in pain, grasping at the calf of his leg. There is an enormous bulge in his leg immediately below his popliteal fossa, and he is unable to plantar flex that foot. Most likely he has injured his __ and the bulge is __.

foramen

A hole through a bone that usually allows passage for nerves and blood vessels is called a(n) __.

False

A joint with mechanical advantage greater than 1.0 has increased speed

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

A lesion in which structure would cause a person to have an erratic waking/sleeping cycle?

periosteum; endosteum

A long bone is covered externally with a sheath called the __ whereas the marrow cavity is lined with the __.

False

A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle)

contraction

A muscle twitch produces external tension and moves an object by shortening the muscles during the __ phase.

a change in DNA structure that might be beneficial, harmful, or neutral

A mutation is __.

False

A nerve fiber is enclosed in its own fibrous sleeve called perineurium

A local potential develops

A neuron receives a stimulus. Which of the following events happens next?

preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh)

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a __ neuron, and releases the neurotransmitter __.

Glycoprotein

A protein that is bound to a carbohydrate is called a ___.

Contralateral

A reflex in which the sensory input and motor output are on opposite sides of the spinal cord, is called a(n) __ reflex arc.

True

A sacral fracture affecting the S3 and S4 nerve roots would result in a person having difficulty with evacuation of the bowels.

Buffer

A solution that resists a change in pH when an acid or base is added to it is a(n) ___.

anatomical variation

A surgeon needs to be familiar with different versions of anatomy. This is because of the phenomenon of ___.

False

A synostosis is the most movable type of joint.

False

A vertebra is considered a long bone.

They make more use of aerobic respiration

A volleyball player depends on the gastrocnemius muscles for plantar flexion, whereas a marathon runner depends more on the soleus muscles for the same action. What characteristic of the soleus muscles make this so?

Her ulna

A young girl falls off her bike and lands on her hand, breaking the medial bone of her antebrachium. Which bone did she break?

pumps

ATP is consumed when ___ transfer solutes from one side of the membrane to the other.

False

ATP is the body's most important form of long-term energy storage.

synaptic facilitation; short-term memory

Accumulation of Ca2+ in the axon terminal is called __, and probably plays an important role in __.

True

Acetylcholine (ACh) binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

False

Adult stem cells are usually pluripotent.

Postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe

After a stroke, a patient complains about lack of sensitivity in her right hand. The stroke most likely affected which part of the brain?

thigh adductors

After childbirth, a woman begins experiencing tremendous pain in her groin, making it difficult for her to walk. An x-ray shows a fracture extending from her symphysis pubis to the inferior ramus of the pubis. As a result of the fracture, which group of muscles might be impaired?

True

Albinism is the genetic lack of melanin that results in a milky white coloration of the skin.

Proteins

All enzymes are __.

somatic cells; diploid (2n)

All of the body's nonreproductive cells, called __, usually have 23 pairs of chromosomes and are thus called __ cells.

epidermal

All of the following are human organ systems except ?

False

All ribs articulate with the sternum.

False

All sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.

True

Although all cells synthesize phospholipids, there are no genes for phospholipids.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Among other functions, hepatocytes (liver cells) are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals. Hepatocytes have large amounts of ___.

intrinsic; extrinsic

An __ muscle is contained within a region whereas an __ muscle acts upon one region but has an attachment elsewhere.

True

An action potential never occurs in dendrites.

Hypothesis

An educated speculation or a possible answer to a question is called a(n) ___.

active site

An enzyme is substrate-specific because of the shape of its ___.

simple columnar

An epithelium whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called __ epithelium.

abnormal calcification of a tissue

Arteriosclerosis is one example of ectopic ossification, which means __.

False

Ascending signals in the spinal cord travel via gray matter, while descending signals travel via white matter.

spinal cord

Autonomic function receives input from all these except __.

False

Blood consist of cells and a ground substance made of formed elements.

Negative feedback

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates the pancreas to release the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates the uptake of glucose by body cells from the bloodstream, thus reducing blood glucose concentration. This is an example of?

open

Bone protrudes through the skin in a fracture called __.

True

Bones, cartilage, and ligaments are tissues and organs of the skeletal system.

False

Bony joints are the most common type of joints.

keratinocytes

Calluses or corns are the result of accelerated multiplication by __.

They have grown large enough and replicated their DNA

Cells undergo division when which of the following conditions have been met?

Robert Hooke

Cells were first discovered when a scientist named ____ observed cell walls in cork under a microscope.

lateral, third, and fourth; superior sagittal sinus

Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by choroid plexuses in the __ ventricles and reabsorbed by arachnoid villi in the __.

mechanoreceptors

Changes in blood pressure are detected by __ in certain arteries.

False

Closed reduction is the surgical realignment of the parts of a broken bone.

True

Columnar cell lining the small intestine have a brush border of microvilli on the apical surface.

A large diameter myelinated fiber

Conduction of a nerve impulse would be the fastest in which of the following?

False

Condyles are found in the axial skeleton only.

serrate sutures

Coronal, sagittal, and lambdoid are examples of __.

Telophase

Cytokinesis overlaps with which phase of mitosis?

abbreviation; acronym

DNA is an example of an ____, whereas PET scan is an example of an____.

True

DNA never migrates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to participate directly in protein synthesis.

Oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Damage to the __ may affect near vision accommodation.

5

During muscle contraction, a single myosin head consumes ATP at a rate of about __ ATP per second.

True

Each portion of the spinal cord, from which a spinal nerve emerges, is called a "segment" of the cord.

K+

Each upward movement of the basilar membrane causes the stereocilia of the inner hair cells to bend, opening __ gates.

False

Embarrassment can be perceived by an abnormal coloration of the skin called cyanosis.

coding

Even though all action potentials are the same, the brain can differentiate a variety of stimuli by source and intensity. The mechanism by which the nervous system converts these action potentials into meaningful information is called neural __.

False

Excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape.

Alpha

Exhausted from studying all night, you briefly close your eyes and your mind starts to wander. Which brain waves would be most predominant in an ECG?

True

Eye color is a normal polygenic trait.

False

Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation.

Dermal papillae

Fingerprints left on things we touch are associated with our __.

transitional; stratified squamous

Found in the urinary bladder, __ epithelium resembles __ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.

23; haploid (n)

Germ cells have __ unpaired chromosomes and are thus called __ cells.

Fascia

Groups of muscles are separated by which of the following?

True

Gustatory signals travel from the tongue through the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves.

False

Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things

1

How many muscle fibers stimulate one somatic motor neuron?

True

Hypercalcemia is rare, but hypocalcemia can result from a wide variety of conditions.

False

If a cell doubled in diameter, it would have twice as much cytoplasm to maintain?

norepinephrine (NE)

If a cell has a1 adrenergic receptors, it is sensitive to __.

recessive

If one allele is not phenotypically expressed in the presence of another, we say that is is a(n) __ allele.

It would become more positive

If the potassium leak channels were suddenly blocked in a resting neuron, what would happen to its resting membrane potential?

plantar flexion

If you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing __ at the ankle.

depolarization of the plasma membrane

In a neuron, the opening of sodium gates typically leads to__.

Gustatory cells

In a taste bud, which cell produces a receptor potential?

True

In an epithelium, there is almost no extracellular matrix.

False

In an exchange reaction, covalent bonds are broken and new covalent bond are formed.

glycoproteins

In the glycocalyx, ____ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.

hypodermis

In which of the following skin layers would a subcutaneous injection be administered?

True

Ionic bonds break apart in water more easily than covalent bonds do.

central canals

It is commons to find __ in compact bone but they are not seen in spongy bone.

Vesalius

Known as "the father of modern anatomy," ____ was the first to publish accurate drawings of the body.

Reticular

Leather is made of the __ layer of the dermis.

True

Ligand-gated ion channels are membrane proteins that open or close in response to the binding of a chemical.

graded

Local potentials are __, meaning they vary in magnitude according to the strength of the stimulus.

fourth

Looking at a slide of thin skin under the microscope, you note that the stratum basale is the __ layer of the epidermis from the surface.

Cerebellum

Loss of equilibrium and motor coordination would most likely be related to a lesion in which structure?

False

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur are involved in the hip joint.

False

Merocrine sweat glands are associated with hair follicles in the pubic and anal regions, axilla, areola, and beard.

True

Mesoderm gives rise to muscle, bone, and blood.

False

Minerals are organic elements extracted from the soil by plants.

True

Mitosis is responsible for embryonic development and tissue growth.

Greek; Latin

Modern anatomical language is based on ____ and ____ because individuals speaking these languages made most of the early anatomical discoveries.

vagus

Most fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system travel in the __.

The relationship between its volume and surface area

Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter. What limits how large a cell can get?

simple cuboidal

Most kidney tubules are made of __ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.

The neurosoma

Most metabolic and regulatory functions in a neuron happen where?

False

Most nerves are motor nerves.

acetylcholine

Muscarinic receptors bind __.

True

Na+-K+ ATPase is a countertransport antiport carrier, which always require energy.

False

Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tends to produce rapid change in the body.

optic disc

Nerve fibers from all regions of the retina coverage on the __ and exit the eye by the way of the optic nerve.

True

Nerve fibers in a given white matter tract are similar in origin, destination, and function

neuroglia

Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neurons and __.

False

Neurons move material away from the neurosoma by retrograde transport.

Broca area

Nonfluent aphasia, due to a lesion in the __, results in slow speech, difficulty in choosing words, or use of words that only approximate the correct word.

False

Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin.

polymers; nucleotides

Nucleic acids are __ of __.

False

Oligodendrocytes serve the same purpose in the CNS that satellite cells do in the PNS.

greater than 100 degrees

One difference between the male and female pelvis is that the subpubic angle of a female is generally __.

Connective

Osseous tissue is a(n) __ tissue.

False

Osteomalacia results in bone brittleness?

True

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) binds to receptors on osteoblasts.

True

Pattern baldness is relatively rare in women because women have lower testosterone levels than men.

False

Phenotype is the result of genetic influences only.

chemical concentration, electrical charge, physical pressure, temperature

Physiological gradient?

E, D, C, A, B

Place the following events of synaptic transmission at an adrenergic synapse in order. A- ATP is converted to cAMP B- The cell's metabolism is altered C- G protein binds adenylate clyase D- The G protein dissociates E- NE binds the receptor

recruitment

The process of engaging more motor units to increase the strength of a muscle contraction is called __.

the inductive method

The process of using numerous observations to develop general principles and predictions about a specific subject is called ___?

False

Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance

False

Potassium, sodium, and chlorine are trace elements.

decrease heart rate

Propranolol, a beta-blocker, is typically used to __.

Store hereditary information

Proteins perform all of the following functions except?

abduction

Raising an arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi, is an example of __ of the shoulder.

simple squamous

Rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sac (alveoli) of the lungs take place through __ epithelium.

yellow bone marrow

Red bone marrow does not contain __.

monosynaptic

Reflex arcs that only use two neurons are called __.

True

Ribosomes are made of proteins and RNA.

False

Rods secrete glutamate from the base of the cell when exposed to light.

Hypothalamus

Sex drive, body temperature, and food and water intake are regulated by which part of the brain?

Temporal

Sinuses are absent from which bone?

False

Skeletal muscles are attached to bones in a way that aligns proteins in an overly-stretched (lengthened) position. This lengthening facilitates the shortening of contractions.

True

Smooth and cardiac muscles are under involuntary control.

fibers; bone

Some joints become synostoses by replacing __ with __.

depth perception

Stereoscopic vision provides ___.

True

Straight hair is round, wavy hair is oval, and curly hair is relatively flat.

nitric oxide (NO)

Sympathetic fibers do not release __.

True

Synovial fluid is rich in albumin and hyaluronic acid, which give it a viscous texture similar to egg white.

calcitriol

Synthesized by the combined action of the skin, kidneys, and liver, __ is important to the deposition of bone.

rectus abdominis

Tendinous intersections divide the __ into segments that are externally visible on the abdomen of a well-muscled person.

proprioceptors

Tendon organs are __.

interphase

The G1, S, and G2 phases of the cell cycle are collectively called __.

sternum; clavicle

The __ belongs to the thoracic cage, whereas the __ belongs to the pectoral girdle.

visceral motor

The __ division carries signals to the smooth muscle in the large intestine.

sella turcica; sphenoid bone

The __ houses the pituitary gland (hypophysis) and is found in the __.

stratum lucidum

The __ is absent from most epidermis.

distal radioulnar joint

The __ is not found in the elbow.

tetanus

The absence or inhibition of acetylcholinesterase at a synapse would lead to __.

femur

The acetabulum articulates with the __.

True

The adrenal medulla is a modified sympathetic ganglion.

True

The amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus are involved in such feelings as love, anger, fear, pleasure, and pain.

biceps brachii

The antagonist to the triceps brachii is the __.

True

The atlantoaxial joint is the joint between C1 and C2.

False

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

autonomic tone

The background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity is called __.

epithelium; connective tissue

The basement membrane is found between __ and __.

Glucose and Oxygen

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is most permeable to which of the following?

Exergonic

The breakdown of glycogen (an energy storage compound) is an example of a __ reaction

cauda equina

The bundle of nerve roots that occupy the vertebral canal from L2 to S5 is called the __.

marrow cavity

The center cavity of the diaphysis of a long bone is called the __.

False

The cerebellum is the largest part of the brain.

receptor potential

The initial effect of a stimulus on a sensory receptor is a local electrical change specifically called a(an) __.

True

The ischium is posterior to the pubis and inferior to the ilium.

synchondrosis; synovial

The joint between the first costal cartilage and the sternum, is a __, whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by __ joints.

called Terminologia Anatomica (TA)

The lexicon of standard international anatomical terms is?

False

The medulla oblongata is the most rostral part of the brain.

a mucous membrane (mucosa)

The membrane that lines passageways that open to the exterior environment is called __.

condylar

The metacarpophalangeal joints at the base of the finger are __ joints.

arachnoid mater

The middle layer of the meninges is called the __.

eponychium

The narrow zone of dead skin overhanging the proximal end of a nail is called the__.

acetylcholine (ACh)

The neurotransmitter(s) associated with autonomic ganglia is(are) __.

osmolarity; tonicity

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its ___. The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its ___.

chloride; IPSP

The opening of __ gates produces an __.

True

The opposite of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.

True

The optic canal is part of the sphenoid bone.

True

The ossicles belong to the middle ear.

Epithalamus

The pineal gland is part of which larger region of the brain?

osteoclasts; osteocytes

The plasma membrane of __ have a ruffled border with many deep infoldings, whereas __ have long, thin, fingerlike cytoplasmic processes.

Villi; diagnoses

The plural of villus (hair) is _____, whereas the plural of diagnosis is _______?

False

The process of a cell changing types to respond to its environment is called neoplasia.

Sternothyroid

Which muscle attaches to the manubrium and the thyroid cartilage, and aids in singing low notes?

smooth and cardiac muscle

Which muscle(s) can contract without the need for nervous stimulation?

Acetylcholine

Which neurotransmitter excites skeletal muscle and inhibits cardiac muscle?

Free nerve endings

Which of the following are unencapsulated endings?

parallel; bipennate

The rectus abdominis is a __ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a __ muscle.

Gray matter; Brainstem

The reticular formation is a web of __ scattered throughout the __.

inferiorly

The rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all side except __, which partly explains the nature of most shoulder dislocation.

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __, whereas __ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.

True

The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber.

True

The skin carries out the first step in the synthesis of vitamin D.

False

The sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLT) is one example of an active transport process involving a uniport carrier.

the celiac and mesenteric ganglia

The solar plexus is used as a name for the __.

lacunae; osteocytes

The spaces found within the concentric lamellae are called, __ and they contain __.

False

The spinal cord is vitally important in processing complex information .

physiology

The study of how the body functions is called ____.

arthrology

The study of joint structure, function, and dysfunction is called __.

gross anatomy

The study of the structure and function of cells is called___.

True

The styloid process of the radius can be palpated proximal to the thumb.

True

The tendon reflex is the inhibition of a muscle's contraction that occurs when its tendon is excessively stretched.

an eponym

The term fallopian tube (uterine tube) is am example of___.

True

The three forms of skin cancer are defined by the types of cells from which they originate.

The absorption peak of their photopsin

The three types of cones in the retina are differentiated from one another by what feature?

hinge

The union of the proximal and middle phalanges form ___ joints.

False

The vision association area relates primarily in the temporal lobe.

receptor, integrating (control) center, effector

Three common components of a feedback loop are?

nucleus; cytoplasm

Transcription occurs in the __, but most translation occurs in the __.

glycerol; fatty acids

Triglycerides consist of a 3-carbon compound called ___ bound to three __.

True

Trochanters are unique to the femur.

True

Unipolar neurons have only a single process leading away from the neurosoma.

Gomphosis

Unlike other joints, a __ does not join two bones to one another.

False

Vasomotor tone is controlled by using the sympathetic division for vasodilation and parasympathetic division for vasoconstriction.

True

Vitamin A is necessary for the synthesis of rhodopsin.

anterior horn

Voluntary motor impulses leave the spinal cord via the __ of gray matter.

True

We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Olfactory cells

What do pheromones stimulate?

Protein synthesis

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

the permeability of the sarcolemma to Na+ increases

What happened when acetylcholine stimulates its receptors in the neuromuscular junction?

Photoreceptor-bipolar- ganglion

What is the correct order of cells in the retina from back to front?

Trigeminal nerve (V)

What is the largest of the cranial nerves and the most important sensory nerve of the face?

Multipolar

What is the most common type of neuron?

A newly synthesized polypeptide

What is the product of translation?

lunule

What is white opaque "moon" often found at the proximal end of a fingernail called?

Potassium ions are leaving the cell

What occurs during hyperpolarization of a neuron membrane?

Diffusion of ions along the axoplasm is faster

What would be the best explanation for why myelinated fibers conduct signals faster than unmyelinated fibers?

osteoblasts; osteocytes

When __ become enclosed in lacunae, they become cells called__.

pronator teres

When a nurse draws blood, it is not common for the needle to penetrate which muscle near the cubital region?

collagen

When a skeletal muscle lengthens, its __ helps resist excessive stretching and subsequent injury to the muscle

Positive feedback

When a woman is giving birth the head of the baby pushes against her cervix and stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin travels in the blood and stimulates the uterus to contract. Labor contraction becomes more and more intense until the baby is expelled. This is an example of ?

Cohesiveness

When jumping into water you notice resistance. This resistance is caused by .

flexing

When you hold out your hands with palms up, __ your wrists will tape your palms toward you.

semicircular ducts

When you spin while sitting in a swivel chair with your eyes closed, you can sense this movement by means of your __.

Nervous and endocrine

Which body system(s) is(are) dedicated to maintaining stable internal conditions detecting and responding to stimuli?

Temporal bone

Which bone helps form the coronal, lambdoid, and squamous sutures of the skull?

Trochlear Nerve (IV)

Which cranial nerve pathway would be used to look cross-eyed at the tip of your nose?

Merocrine glands

Which cutaneous glands are concerned with cooling the body?

The one between L4 and L5

Which intervertebral is largest?

Vallate Papillae

Which of the following does not contribute to the sense of equilibrium?

Trapezius

Which of the following extensors of the head is most superficial?

A fracture of vertebra L4

Which of the following fractures would be the least likely to cause a spinal cord injury?

Painting a picture

Which of the following functions would most likely be controlled by the representational hemisphere of the cerebrum?

Cardiac muscle

Which of the following has the largest mitochondria?

Lactose

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

Mitochondria

Which of the following is a double-membraned organelle consisting of a matrix and cristae?

smooth muscle contracts and relaxes more slowly

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of skeletal muscle to smooth muscle?

Gracile fasciculus

Which of the following is an ascending tract of the spinal cord?

Hydroxyapatite

Which of the following is an inorganic component of the bone matrix?

It has short preganglionic fibers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

A calcified matrix

Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?

To provide oxygen and nutrients to the nervous tissue

Which of the following is not a function of CSF?

Storage of red blood cells

Which of the following is not a function of the skeleton?

Elastic

Which of the following is not a major joint category?

Pinocytosis

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Reflexes do not require a stimulus

Which of the following is not a property of reflexes?

DNA

Which of the following is not involved in translation?

Dens (odontoid process)

Which of the following is only found on the axis vertebra?

The knee

Which of the following is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

the muscle lengthens but tensions remains constant

Which of the following is true concerning isotonic concentric contraction?

Its denervation would cause hypersensitivity

Which of the following is true regarding the autonomic nervous system?

it flexes the neck if the scapula is fixed

Which of the following is true regarding the levator scapulae?

Z discs

Which of the following marks the boundaries of a sarcomere?

Gracillis

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the obturator nerve?

Diaphragm

Which of the following muscles is the prime mover for inhalation?

Sciatic

Which of the following nerves originates in the lumbosacral plexus?

Delta waves- predominance of these may indicate serious brain damage in an adult

Which of the following pairings of brain wave names and descriptions is paired correctly?

Active transport

Which of the following processes could occur only through a cellular membrane?

It holds the resting heart rate below its intrinsic rate

Which of the following statements is true regarding parasympathetic tone?

Cochlea

Which of the following structures houses the spiral organ?

A theory

Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of information that scientists consider to be true to the best of their knowledge?

Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentrations to a place or higher concentration

Which of these is an example of active transport?

Carbon, nitrogenous base, nucleotide, DNA, chromatin

Which of these is the correct sequence from simple to more complex?

Brain

Which organ does not have nocioreceptors?

Pallor

Which skin color is most likely to result in anemia?

to inhibit the function of cholinesterase

Which statement best describes the goal of medications used to treat myasthenia gravis?

Hypothalamus

Which structure forms the floor and part of the walls of the third ventricle?

Umami

Which taste sensation is produced by amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid?

synergists

Which term best describes the relationship of the deltoid and SITS muscles during shoulder abduction?

sodium gates are fully open

While a neuron membrane is depolarizing its __.

Galen

Who was a physician to roman gladiators, learned by dissection of animals, and saw science as a method of discovery?

circumduction

With the elbow and wrist extended, painting a circle on a canvas requires __ of the shoulder.

mechanical stress on bone remodeling

Wolff's law of bone explains the effect of __.

stretch (myotatic)

You go to the movies after a long day and you begin to nod off as soon as the movie starts. Your head starts to lower a little, but a reflex causes your head to rise. This is called the__ reflex.

V

Your dentist gives you an injection of anesthetic in preparation for a filling. Which cranial nerve did they target?

Phospholipids; amphiphilic

__ are major components of cell membranes, and are said to be ___.

simple squamous; stratified squamous

__ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas __ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion.

Areolar tissue

__ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes.

Orgasm

__ is an example of the cooperative effect between the two autonomic nervous system divisions.

Lactose; lactase

__ is the substrate of__.

Cerumen

__ is/are formed partly from the secretions of glands in the external ear canal.

DNA helicase; DNA polymerase

__ opens up one segment of the DNA helix during replication; __ adds complementary free nucleotides to the exposed DNA strand.

excitable

__ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane potential.

Peroxisomes

___ decompose fatty acids, and detoxify alcohol, free radicals, and drugs.

Flagella; cillia; microvilli

___ provide mobility to a sperm cell, ___ act as sensory "antennae" in many cells, and ___ increase a cell's surface area.

Hippocrates

______ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine."