Anatomy Ch. 15 Urinary System Quiz
(T/F) Blood proteins and blood cells are too large to pass through the filtration membrane and should not be found in filtrate.
True
(T/F) Nitrogenous waste products such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine are excreted from the body in urine rather than reabsorbed
True
(T/F) The pigment that gives urine its characteristic yellow color is urochrome
True
(T/F) The tiny filtering structures of the kidneys are called nephrons
True
produce hormones that assist in digestion
Which one of the following is NOT one of the functions of the kidneys:
tubular reabsorption
aldosterone promotes sodium and thus water to move from the filtrate through the tubule cells into the blood
tubular reabsorption
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes the movement of water from the filtrate back into the blood
hypo-
below
-uria
condition of the urine
bladder
contains 3 openings
urethra
contains an internal and external sphincter
hyper-
excessive
blood proteins
filtrate contains everything in blood plasma except for ________.
osmoreceptors
highly sensitive cells within the hypothalamus that react to changes in blood composition and cause the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) when appropriate are called ______.
reproductive system
in males, the urethra is part of both the urinary system and _________.
ren/o
kidney
bladder
muscular sac suitable for temporary urine storage
tubular secretion
opposite process to tubular reabsorption
proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is ________.
lith/o
stone
diabetes insipidus
the abnormal condition that results from the lack of ADH release, causing huge amounts of very dilute urine to be voided is called _________.
transitional epithelium
the bladder is able to expand as urine accumulates within it due to the presence of:
renal artery
the blood vessel carrying blood from the aorta into the kidney is the ________.
the thirst mechanism
the driving force for water intake is ______.
nephron
the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine is the ______.
anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
the hormone released by the posterior pituitary to prevent excessive water loss in the urine is ______.
internal urethral sphincter
the involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being passed is called the ______.
filtration, secretion, reabsorption
the kidneys produce urine using which 3 processes?
aldosterone
the main hormone that acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium ion concentration of the extracellular fluid is ________.
renal hilum
the medial indentation in the kidney where the ureter, blood vessels, and nerves are connected to the kidney is called the _______.
filtration
the nonselective, passive process performed by the glomerulus that forms blood plasma without blood proteins is called:
Bowman's capsule
the portion of the renal tubule that completely surrounds the glomerulus is the:
micturition
the process of emptying the bladder is referred to as voiding or:
renal pyramids
the triangular shaped regions of the kidney are:
external urethral sphincter
the voluntarily controlled sphincter at the point where the urethra passes through the pelvic floor is called the _______.
urethra
transports urine and sperm in males
ureter
tube that drains urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
tubular secretion
unneeded substances such as potassium, urea, and creatnine are moved from the blood into the filtrate
epi-
upon
nucleic acids
uric acid, a nitrogenous waste product, results from the metabolism of:
ur/o
urine
urethra
urine is transported from the bladder to the outside of the body by the:
kidney to the ureter to the bladder
urine passes through the:
glomerular filtration
water and solutes are forced from the blood into the glomerular capsule of the nephron
tubular reabsorption
water, glucose, amino acids, and needed ions are moved from the filtrate back into the blood
renal medulla
what region of the kidney is deep to the renal cortex?
blood typing
which of the following is NOT a process involved in urinalysis?
pancreas
which of the following is NOT an organ of the urinary system:
epithelial cells
which of the following substances is normally found in urine?
urea
which one of the following is NOT a substance typically reabsorbed by the tubules under normal healthy conditions:
it is slightly alkaline
which one of the following is NOT true of urine under normal healthy conditions:
kidney
which organ filters blood, regulates blood volume and chemical makeup?
secretion
which process involves moving substances from the blood capillaries to the renal tubules?
endo-
within
(T/F) The region of the renal tubule closest to the glomerular capsule is the distal convoluted tubule
False