Anatomy Ch. 15 Urinary System Quiz

(T/F) Blood proteins and blood cells are too large to pass through the filtration membrane and should not be found in filtrate.

True

(T/F) Nitrogenous waste products such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine are excreted from the body in urine rather than reabsorbed

True

(T/F) The pigment that gives urine its characteristic yellow color is urochrome

True

(T/F) The tiny filtering structures of the kidneys are called nephrons

True

produce hormones that assist in digestion

Which one of the following is NOT one of the functions of the kidneys:

tubular reabsorption

aldosterone promotes sodium and thus water to move from the filtrate through the tubule cells into the blood

tubular reabsorption

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes the movement of water from the filtrate back into the blood

hypo-

below

-uria

condition of the urine

bladder

contains 3 openings

urethra

contains an internal and external sphincter

hyper-

excessive

blood proteins

filtrate contains everything in blood plasma except for ________.

osmoreceptors

highly sensitive cells within the hypothalamus that react to changes in blood composition and cause the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) when appropriate are called ______.

reproductive system

in males, the urethra is part of both the urinary system and _________.

ren/o

kidney

bladder

muscular sac suitable for temporary urine storage

tubular secretion

opposite process to tubular reabsorption

proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule

starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is ________.

lith/o

stone

diabetes insipidus

the abnormal condition that results from the lack of ADH release, causing huge amounts of very dilute urine to be voided is called _________.

transitional epithelium

the bladder is able to expand as urine accumulates within it due to the presence of:

renal artery

the blood vessel carrying blood from the aorta into the kidney is the ________.

the thirst mechanism

the driving force for water intake is ______.

nephron

the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine is the ______.

anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

the hormone released by the posterior pituitary to prevent excessive water loss in the urine is ______.

internal urethral sphincter

the involuntary sphincter that keeps the urethra closed when urine is not being passed is called the ______.

filtration, secretion, reabsorption

the kidneys produce urine using which 3 processes?

aldosterone

the main hormone that acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium ion concentration of the extracellular fluid is ________.

renal hilum

the medial indentation in the kidney where the ureter, blood vessels, and nerves are connected to the kidney is called the _______.

filtration

the nonselective, passive process performed by the glomerulus that forms blood plasma without blood proteins is called:

Bowman's capsule

the portion of the renal tubule that completely surrounds the glomerulus is the:

micturition

the process of emptying the bladder is referred to as voiding or:

renal pyramids

the triangular shaped regions of the kidney are:

external urethral sphincter

the voluntarily controlled sphincter at the point where the urethra passes through the pelvic floor is called the _______.

urethra

transports urine and sperm in males

ureter

tube that drains urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

tubular secretion

unneeded substances such as potassium, urea, and creatnine are moved from the blood into the filtrate

epi-

upon

nucleic acids

uric acid, a nitrogenous waste product, results from the metabolism of:

ur/o

urine

urethra

urine is transported from the bladder to the outside of the body by the:

kidney to the ureter to the bladder

urine passes through the:

glomerular filtration

water and solutes are forced from the blood into the glomerular capsule of the nephron

tubular reabsorption

water, glucose, amino acids, and needed ions are moved from the filtrate back into the blood

renal medulla

what region of the kidney is deep to the renal cortex?

blood typing

which of the following is NOT a process involved in urinalysis?

pancreas

which of the following is NOT an organ of the urinary system:

epithelial cells

which of the following substances is normally found in urine?

urea

which one of the following is NOT a substance typically reabsorbed by the tubules under normal healthy conditions:

it is slightly alkaline

which one of the following is NOT true of urine under normal healthy conditions:

kidney

which organ filters blood, regulates blood volume and chemical makeup?

secretion

which process involves moving substances from the blood capillaries to the renal tubules?

endo-

within

(T/F) The region of the renal tubule closest to the glomerular capsule is the distal convoluted tubule

False