anatomy ch6 integumentary review
The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is ________.
99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C
Earwax is made by __________.
Ceruminous glands
Keratin protects skin cell DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Is this statement true or false?
F
The biggest risk factor for the development of skin cancer is excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight. Exposure to UV light in a tanning booth is safer.
F
When an individual is exposed to extremely cold air the dermal blood vessels will dilate so that more blood will be brought closer to the outside surface of the skin.
F
The surge of sex hormones that accompanies puberty has a wide range of effects on the body. One of those effects is to enhance the activity of the sebaceous glands, increasing the production of sebum. Which of the following is the most likely to result from the increased sebaceous activity?
Increased oily appearance and more acne.
Susan sat out in the sun watching a baseball game. She developed small blisters on her unprotected shoulders and neck. What type of burn is represented by the formation of the blisters?
Second-degree burn
For a doctor, simply looking at a patient's skin can help in making a diagnosis.
T
Regardless of race, all human beings have about the same number of melanocytes?
T
The dermis contains blood vessels and nerve fibers while the epidermis does not.
T
The skin cancer most likely to metastasize is cancer of the melanocytes.
T
Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been stretched and/or torn?
The appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis.
Which of the following represents a difference between eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands
The secretions of apocrine sweat glands contain more fat and protein than do the secretions of eccrine sweat glands.
In a woman that has hirsutism, ________.
androgens stimulate vellus hair to become terminal hair
Which of the following would be a sign of a melanoma?
asymmetry
Which of the following would NOT be a correct characteristic of melanoma?
border regularity
Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?
by using the "rule of nines"
A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?
corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
eccrine and apocrine
A surgeon opens her patient by cutting the integument parallel to the cleavage lines of the dermis (tension lines). This will result in
faster healing of the skin and less scarring
A patient has skin that is slightly blue in color. A likely treatment for this person might be ________.
giving the patient supplemental oxygen by mask
In people with lighter skin, respiratory failure can lead to a change in the color of the skin. Which pigmentation factor is affecting this change?
hemoglobin
Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to play little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body
in the axillary and anogenital area
What is the most common cell type in the epidermis?
keratinocytes
Which skin pigment is made in the skin as a natural defense against UV radiation?
melanin
Which skin color associated, pigment producing cell is located in the labeled layer D?
melanocyte
The most dangerous type of skin cancer is __________.
melanoma
The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________.
overexposure to UV radiation
A dendritic or Langerhans cell is a specialized ________.
phagocytic cell
Which of the following is NOT a layer of the epidermis
reticular layer
Which glands secrete an oily product that softens the skin and hair?
sebaceous glands
Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?
squamous cell carcinoma
Cell division would be most common among cells in which of the labeled layers?
stratum basale
The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, each layer with a distinct role to play in the health, wellbeing, and functioning of the skin. Which of the following layers is responsible for cell division and replacement?
stratum basale
Which stratum of the epidermis contains the stem cells responsible for regenerating the more superficial layers?
stratum basale
Which of the following is a metabolic function of skin
synthesis of a vitamin D precursor
The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________
the major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber
The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?
the reticular layer
If a person were born without eccrine glands, what skin function would he or she have a hard time completing?
thermoregulation
