Anatomy Chapter 4
Elastic connective tissue is found in the walls of the large arteries that leave the heart.
true
Connective tissue extracellular matrix is composed of ________.
fibers and ground substance
The primary blast cell for connective tissue proper is the ________.
fibroblast
__________ are water-soluble, complex glycoproteins that are secreted by goblet cells.
Mucins
Goblet cells are found within pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
True
Macrophages are found in areolar and lymphatic tissues.
True
Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually found in areas where secretion and absorption occur.
True
The role of brown fat is to warm the body; whereas, the role of white fat is to store nutrients.
True
The shock-absorbing pads between the vertebrae are formed of fibrocartilage.
True
Which of the following is NOT found in cartilage but is found in bone?
blood vessels
What tissue has lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?
bone (osseous tissue)
Which tissue is correctly paired with its primary cell type?
bone; osteoblast
Which of the following is a dry membrane exposed to the air?
cutaneous membrane
Choose which tissue type likely functions to add support to an organ.
hyaline cartilage
Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form a(n) ________.
tissue
Cardiac muscle
Moves blood through the body
Smooth muscle
Moves food through the GI tract
Select the correct statement regarding the stem cells of connective tissue.
"Blast" cells are undifferentiated, actively dividing cells.
Choose the answer that shows the correct order for the standard preparation of a histological specimen.
(1) fixation, (2) sectioning, (3) staining
Which of the following statements is true of connective tissue?
Collagen fibers provides high tensile strength.
Which of the following statements is true?
Dense connective tissue includes a great deal of collagen.
Tendon
Derived from mesenchyme
How are endocrine and exocrine glands different from each other?
Endocrine glands have no ducts.
Which of the following is true about epithelia?
Endothelium provides a slick surface lining all hollow cardiovascular organs.
Which of the following is a property of epithelial tissue?
Epithelial tissue is innervated.
A major characteristic of fibrocartilage is its unique amount of flexibility and elasticity.
False
Fibrocartilage is also known as gristle.
False
Merocrine glands produce their secretions by accumulating their secretions internally until the cell ruptures.
False
Nervous tissue consists mainly of neurons and collagen fibers.
False
Salivary glands exhibit simple tubuloalveolar glandular arrangement.
False
Tendons and ligaments are composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue.
False
The basic difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissues is in the amount of elastic fibers and adipose cells present.
False
How is hyaline cartilage different from elastic cartilage or fibrocartilage?
Fibers are not normally visible
Which of the following would be of most importance to goblet cells and other glandular epithelia?
Golgi apparatus
Skin epidermis
Has a surface to which nothing is attached
Which of the following describes a holocrine gland?
Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing.
Heart muscle cells would tend to separate without ________
INTERCALATED DISCS
Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair.
Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable.
Which event must precede all others during tissue repair?
Inflammation occurs near the affected cells.
Select the correct statement regarding adipose tissue.
Its primary function is nutrient storage.
Predict what would happen if a lung's visceral membrane were pulled away from its parietal membrane still attached to the chest wall.
Loss of membrane adhesive force would cause lung collapse.
Without macrophages, wound healing is delayed. Why?
Macrophages phagocytose many foreign materials, as well as cell debris and dead cells. This cleans the wound, allowing granulation tissue to form.
Which of the following is true about the mode of secretion of exocrine glands?
Merocrine glands are not altered by the secretory process.
Cartilage tissue tends to heal less rapidly than bone tissue.
True
________ epithelium appears to have two or three layers of cells, but all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane.
Pseudostratified columnar
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Simple cuboidal epithelia are found in areas that stretch.
Select the correct statement regarding epithelia.
Stratified squamous epithelia are present where protection from abrasion is important.
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
The cutaneous membrane is made of a simple columnar epithelium
Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.
True
An infection may occur in a tissue injury. Why?
The increased availability of nutrients allows microorganisms to replicate. The skin and mucous membranes are body's first line of defense and are mostly impenetrable to microorganisms, unless broken or damaged by tissue injury.
Why are adipose tissue, blood, and bone all considered to be connective tissues?
They have a common origin: mesenchyme.
A smooth muscle cell has a central nucleus but lacks striations.
True
Which of the following is NOT a role of connective tissue?
absorption
Which tissue type would likely function to hold the kidneys in place?
adipose
Edema (swelling) occurs when ________.
areolar tissue soaks up excess fluid in an inflamed area
Which is the most atypical connective tissue since it does NOT act as a binding or packaging material under normal conditions or provide structural support?
blood
Which tissues have little to no functional regenerative capacity?
cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord
Cell type NOT found in areolar connective tissue.
chondrocyte
Choose which tissue would line the uterine (fallopian) tubes and function as a "conveyer belt" to help move a fertilized egg towards the uterus.
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ________.
collagen
The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ________.
collagen fibers
The salivary glands are a good example of a(n) ________ exocrine gland.
compound tubuloalveolar
You observe a uniform tissue under a microscope. There is no lumen. The material looks densely packed, but you do not observe many nuclei. It appears that there are strands of fibers running in parallel directions. What type of tissue are you looking at?
connective tissue
Connective tissues are made of different combinations of ground substance and fibers. As you compare slides of connective tissues, which would most likely be the strongest type of connective tissue based on the composition of ground substance and fibers?
connective tissues high in collagen fibers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nervous tissue?
creates linings
Which of the following is a modification of the simple columnar epithelium that allows for efficient absorption along portions of the digestive tract?
dense microvilli
The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________.
elastic cartilage
Skin, lung, and blood vessel walls have which tissue characteristic in common?
elastic fibers
Mesenchymal cells are most commonly found in ________ connective tissue.
embryonic
Glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as ________.
endocrine
Arteries, veins, and lymphatics keep clots from sticking as long as their ________ is intact and healthy.
endothelium
A substance received or given off by your body will likely pass through which tissue type?
epithelial tissue
Which tissue type consists of a sheet of cells that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity?
epithelial tissue
What tissue type has polarity and is avascular?
epithelium
Which of these terms applies best to all material in this tissue that is not cellular?
extracellular matrix
All muscle cells contain striations.
false
Cartilage has good regenerative capacity, while most epithelial tissues do not.
false
Connective tissues that possess a large quantity of collagen fibers often provide the framework for organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.
false
Endocrine glands are often called ducted glands.
false
Healing of a surgical incision through the body wall will tend to increase the amount of areolar tissue.
false
Intercalated discs and striations are both characteristic of skeletal muscle.
false
Pseudostratified epithelia are well adapted to the digestive system because the cilia increase the surface area for absorption.
false
After a heart attack, fibrosis occurs at the site of cardiac muscle cell death. This reduces the efficiency of the heart's pumping activity because __________.
fibrous connective tissue is incapable of contracting
Your instructor gives you an unknown organ for you to examine and identify through microscopy. What should you do first with the sample?
fix it with preservative
Which of the following is NOT a step in tissue repair?
formation of new stem cells
Which cells are commonly found wedged between simple columnar epithelial cells?
goblet cells
Which property is most consistent in the majority of connective tissues?
greater amount of extracellular matrix compared to cellular content
What are the three main components of connective tissue?
ground substance, fibers, and cells
Which is true concerning muscle tissue?
highly cellular and well vascularized
Which of the following does NOT describe a multicellular exocrine gland?
hormone glands
The first step in tissue repair involves ________.
inflammation
The correct order of events in tissue repair, from first to last, is __________.
inflammation, organization, and regeneration
Smooth muscle __________.
is under involuntary control
A ciliated version of pseudostratified columnar epithelium containing mucus-secreting goblet cells ________.
lines most of the respiratory tract
Which of the following is NOT a manner in which any epithelial tissue is classified?
location
An exocrine gland that has an unbranched duct would be classified as a __________.
multicellular simple gland
Which of the following are INCORRECTLY paired?
muscle; endoderm
In connective tissue, the role of elastic fibers is to __________.
provide flexibility
Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which epithelial tissue?
simple columnar
You observe a tissue under a microscope. There appears to be a lumen on one side of the tissue. Lining this lumen, the cells seem to have long, fingerlike projections. Beneath the projections, the cells seem to have the shape of shoeboxes and are packed tightly together. What type of tissue are you looking at?
simple columnar epithelia
Which of the following epithelia forms the walls of the air sacs across which gas exchange occurs in the lungs?
simple squamous
Under a microscope you observe a tissue that appears to have long fibers that appear striated. The nuclei are pushed off to the side of the fibers. The tissue looks very vascular. What type of tissue are you observing?
skeletal muscle tissue
Which tissue in the wall of the uterus is required for labor contractions?
smooth muscle
Injured cartilage might heal more quickly if a treatment were discovered that would __________.
stimulate blood vessels to develop within cartilage
A many-layered epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at its surface would be classified as ________.
stratified squamous
Which of the following epithelial tissue types is NOT correctly matched to its function?
stratified squamous epithelium; absorption
What function do transitional epithelia have?
stretching
All epithelia have two surfaces, an apical surface and a basal surface, that differ in both structure and function. This property is called polarity.
true
Blood is considered a type of connective tissue.
true
Epithelial tissues always exhibit apical-basal polarity; meaning that cell regions near the apical surface differ from those near the basal surface.
true
Functions of connective tissues include binding, support, insulation, and protection.
true
Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.
true
Which statement best describes connective tissue?
usually contains a large amount of matrix
Chondroblasts ________.
within the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix
