Anatomy Chapter 5-11
The attachment of a muscle to a bone is called
either a tendon or an aponeurosis
The connective tissue that surrounds each skeletal muscle fiber and binds each muscle fiber to its neighbor is the ________.
endomysium
The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
The ________ is a dense irregular connective tissue layer that surrounds the entire skeletal muscle.
epimysium
What characteristic of muscle tissue allows it to respond to stimulation by the nervous system?
excitability
Which of the following is an example of angular motion?
extension
A skeletal muscle is divided into a series of internal compartments, each of which contains a bundle of muscle fibers called a ________.
fascicle
Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating elements is
flexion
A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a
gomphosis
The capitulum is a part of the
humerus
Endochondral ossification begins with
hyaline cartilage
Which bone is not in direct contact with any other bone of the skeleton?
hyoid
Which of the following features belongs to the occipital bone?
hypoglossal canal
The structure that surrounds a synovial joint is called (a)
joint capsule
What movement occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side?
lateral flexion
Long Bone
long thin shape(arms and legs)
Types of bones
long, flat, short, irregular, sesamoid
The small depression on the temporal bone with which the mandible articulates is called (the)
mandibular fossa
Which of the following muscles is the most powerful muscle involved in the process of chewing or manipulating food in the mouth?
masseter
Which of the following bones contains the infra-orbital foramen?
maxilla
Which of the following lists includes only facial bones?
maxillae, palatines, mandible, zygomatics, lacrimals
Which of the following features belongs to the mandibular bone?
mental foramen
The palms of the hand are supported by the
metacarpal bones
When one motor neuron fires a single action potential the result affects one
motor unit
When a resting muscle contracts only enough to produce tension without movement, this is an example of
muscle tone
Which of these orders of functional muscle structures progresses from the smallest to largest in diameter?
myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle
In the hip bones, the pubic and ischial rami encircle the
obturator foramen
Which of the following is a structure located on the ulna?
olecranon
On the humerus, the olecranon process of the ulna projects into the ________ when the arm is extended
olecranon fossa
In osseous tissue, which of the following is always removing matrix and releasing minerals?
osteoclasts
Mature bone cells that maintain and monitor the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix are called
osteocytes
The functional unit of mature compact bones is called the cylindrical
osteons
The lambdoid suture is the boundary between which bones?
parietal and occipital
The connective tissue surrounding a fascicle is called
perimysium
Compared with that of females, the male coccyx
points anteriorly
As a long bone develops, the point where osteoblasts first replace calcified cartilage with spongy bone becomes the ________, from which further development proceeds.
primary ossification center
Regarding long bone formation, bone development proceeds from the ________ in the shaft.
primary ossification center
The ________ processes are vertical projections of the sphenoid bone that are important sites for attachment of muscles that move the lower jaw and soft palate.
pterygoid
Pronation and supination occur at a/the
radio-ulnar joint
The ________ muscle is divided longitudinally by a median collagenous partition called the linea alba
rectus abdominis
Which type of vertebra has a transverse costal facet?
thoracic
Knee extensors, known as the quadriceps femoris, include the
three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle
The medial condyle of the femur articulates with the
tibial medial condyle
The function of an osteoclast in osseous tissue is
to dissolve old bone matrix and release amino acids and the stored calcium and phosphate
The temporal processes are part of which bone?
zygomatic
Which of the following is a large process that projects anteriorly from the lateral end of the scapular spine?
acromion
A muscle whose contraction is mostly responsible for a movement is said to be the ________ for that movement.
agonist and prime mover
The triceps brachii and biceps brachii are good examples of
an agonist-antagonist pair
A bone cell that secretes the organic components of bone matrix is
an osteoblast
Which structure is found immediately superior to the inferior iliac notch?
anterior inferior iliac spine
The pectoral girdle, upper limb bones, pelvic girdle, and lower limb bones make up the
appendicular skeleton
Bones located within a space in the temporal bone that provide the sense of hearing are called
auditory ossicles
The divisions of the skeletal system include (the)
axial and appendicular
What vertebra contains the dens?
axis
The triceps brachii muscle is opposed in extension of the elbow by the antagonistic muscle,
brachialis
In a ________ muscle, the muscle fibers are based over a broad area, but all the fibers come together at a common attachment site.
convergent
A small, flat articular surface is a
Facet
The scapula is an example of what type of bone?
Flat
Flat Bone
Flattened broad surface(ribs,shoulder blades breast skull)
Which of the following is most likely to have a nerve pass through it?
Foramen
A shallow depression on the surface of a bone is called a
Fossa
Features of the maxillae include
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle? (maintain posturemaintain body temperaturesupport soft tissuesproduce skeletal movement)
All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following is produced within red bone marrow?
Blood cells
Sesamoid Bone
Bones embedded in tendons(pattela,some hands knee and feet)
Ribs 11 and 12 and called ________ ribs.
Both floating and false are correct
Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?
Connective Tissue
The parietal, temporal, frontal, and occipital bones are part of (the)
Cranium
An example of a pneumatized bone is the(hallow or contains air cells)
Ethmoid bone
Which of the following is true of the foramen magnum?
It is located in the inferior surface of the occipital bone
An extension of a bone that is set at an angle to the rest of the bone is usually called a
Ramus
________ are struts or plates within spongy bone which assist in withstanding stresses in a specific direction.
Trabeculae
Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?(weird bones sacrum vertbra etc)
Vertebra
A joint that permits free movement is called
a diarthrosis
An example of angular motion away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is
abduction
The surface of all bones are covered by a layer of
compact bone
In the ankle, the largest tarsal bone is the
calcaneus
The periosteum
covers the outside of bones
The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the
coxal bone
A prominent ridge on a bone is called a(n)
crest
The muscular partition that separates the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities is the
diaphragm
A lever in which the load is between the fulcrum and the applied force is a
second-class lever
The depression that cradles and protects the pituitary gland is called the
sella turcica
Which of the following muscles belongs to the group known as "hamstrings"?
semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris
Which of the following is a classification of bone shape?
sesamoid
Irregular bone
shape unlike the others(vertebrae,sacrum)
Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum?
spinous process
The two types of osseous tissue are
spongy and compact bones
Which of the following sutures marks the boundary between the temporal bone and the parietal bone of each side of the skull?
squamous
Short Bone
squat cubed shape(bones in wrist and ankles)
Which is a major function of the skeletal system?
support of the body
Small, flat, oddly shaped bones that develop between the flat bones of the skull are called
sutural bones
A fibrous synarthrosis joint that holds skull bones together is called (a)
suture
A cartilaginous joint that permits slight movement is (a)
symphysis
Which of the following is a classification of a joint in which the bones are separated by a pad of fibrous cartilage?
symphysis
Which of the following contains the external acoustic meatus?
temporal
The muscles that form the rotator cuff include the
teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis
Which of the following is a special characteristic of spongy bone?
trabeculae
Which of the following can be found on cervical vertebrae only?
transverse foramina
Processes that form where tendons or ligaments attach to a bone include
trochanters, tuberosities, and tubercles
A smooth, grooved articular process, shaped like a pulley, is a
trochlea
Ribs 8-10 are called ________ ribs.
vertebrochondral