Anatomy Chapter 8
what are association areas?
involved in interpreting data and coordination motor responses
Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite with the soma between hem are called
bipolar
What are collaterals?
branches that sometimes occur along the length of an axon
What is the main job of the afferent division?
brings sensory info. to CNS
what are ganglia?
bundles of CNS axons- that share a common origin, destination, and function
what is the job of an ascending pathway?
carry sensory info. to the brain
the gray matter of the spinal cord is dominated by what
cell bodies of neurons and glial cells
what region of the brain is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor info?
cerebrum
name two places there are enlargements in the spinal cord
cervical and lumbar regions
what is the primary connection between the cerebral hemispheres
corpus callosum
the thalamus is the largest portion of which major brain region?
decocephalon
which neurolglial cells produce CFS in some regions of the brain?
ependymal cells
what is the most sensitive body region?
face
the nervous system is...
fast acting
changes in the membrane potential that cannot spread far from the site of stimulation are called what?
graded potentials
what are some major autonomic functions of the medulla oblongota?
heart rate regulation, blood pressure, respiration
the projections of gray matter extending through the white matter toward the outer surface of the spinal cord are called
horns
how many segments is the spinal cord divided into
31
what part of the PNS brings information to the central nervous system?
Afferent Division
What is the PNS made up of?
All nervous tissue outside PNS
what does the all or none principle state?
All stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce identical action potentials
What are the largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the CNS?
Astrocytes
What glial cells are responsible for maintaining the blood barrier?
Astrocytes
What makes up the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord
What are dendrites
Branching structures, along with cell body, are sensitive to chemical mechanical and electrical simulation
sending signals to the muscles is an example of...
Efferent system
The myelin sheaths that surround the axons of some of the neurons in the CNS are formed by what?
Oligodendrocytes
The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is the outer laer of what?
Schwann cells
what system establishes the emotional state?
limbic system
the two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the
longitudinal fissure
if broca's area is damaged, what might result?
loss of ability to speak
what is amnesia
loss of memory from disease or trauma
Small phogocytic glial cells, which are derived from white blood cells are called
microgilia
Most neurons in the brain are...
multipolar
Neurons that have two or more dendrites and a single axon extending away from the soma are called
multipolar
during an EEG, when are alpha waves detected?
normal resting in adults
where is the visual cortext of the cerebrum found?
occipital lobe
where are inter neurons found?
only in the CNS
what is the job of the prefrontal cortex?
performs intellectual functions, predict future consequences, events and actions
what do the posterior horns of the spinal cord contain
sensory nuclei