Anatomy EXAM 2
osteons or haversian systems
are the basic units in compact bone tissue
the layer of epidermis that undergoes mitosis and forms new epidermal cells is the
stratum basale
the epidermal layer found only in thick skin is
stratum lucidum
the four primary tissue types are
epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous
the cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the
osteocyte
which of the following functions is associated with the skin
protection against ultraviolet radiation of the sun
the type of cell connection that serves as a permeability barrier is a
tight junction
arrange the following events of endochondral ossification in the proper sequence (1) cartilage matrix is calcified and condrocytes die (2) chondrocytes hypertrphy (3) cartilage model is formed (4) osteoblasts deposit bone on the surface of the calcified cartilage of the primary ossification center (5) blood vessels from the periosteum invade calcified cartilage bringing in osteoblasts and osteoclasts
3, 2, 1, 5, 4
a gland produces a watery secretion that contains solutes... the secretion also contains a substantial amount of phospholipid... the type of secretory process for this gland is probably
a combination of merocrine and apocrine
adipose tissue functions as
an insulator and site of energy storage
individuals with lighter skin have which of the following
approximately the same number of melanocytes an individuals with darker skin
a tissue that has a fluid matrix is
blood
sally has elevated blood calcium levels... which substance would you expect to find in high levels in response to this condition
calcitonin
the primary mineral in bone is
calcium
small channels extending through the bone matrix are
canaliculi
which of the following statements concerning connective tissue is true
collagen fibers provide strength to dense connective tissue
which of the following categories of epithelium is based on cell shape
columnar
the bluish tinge of skin due to a reduction of oxygen in the blood is called
cyanosis
calcitonin is associated with
decreased osteoclast activity
this layer of skin is composed of keratinocytes
epidermis
is it possible to determine is a child's long bone is growing by examining a radiograph of the
epiphyseal plate
long bones grow in length at the
epiphyseal plate
melanin production can be influenced by
exposure to sunlight pregnancy hormones genetics
the spaces between developing skull bones that have not ossified are called
fontanels
woven bone
has its collagen fibers randomly oriented
what attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane
hemidesmosomes
the type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is
hyaline cartilage
which of the following is NOT a direct effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)
increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine
parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes
increased RANKL and decreased OPG.
during development, some bones arise from thick connective tissue membranes is a process known as_____________ ossification adn other bones arise from a hyaline cartilage model in a process known as ____________ ossification
intramembranous; endochondral
which of the following statements is true about sweat regarding glands
it is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland
What is the function of adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer
it serves as a storage site for lipids, which can be used for energy
as skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss... this process is called
keratinization
the primary function of osteoblasts is to
lay down bone matrix
the extracellular material of tissues is called
matrix
melanin is produced only by
melanocytes
which type of skin cancer is the most deadly
melanoma
the dermal layer closest to the epidermis is the
papillary layer
the covering of the outer surface of bone is the
periosteum
Which epithial tissue can be described as "all cells attached to the basement membrane but not all cells reach free surfaces"
pseudostratified
which of the following is classified as a holocrine gland
sebaceous gland
which of the following events of endochondral ossification occurs last
secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses
which of the following is a function of epithelial tissue
secretion and absorption of molecules
the epidermis of skin is composed of think shape
stratified squamous epithelial
the proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the
strength of bone
a subcutaneous injection delivers medication into the
subcutaneous layer
the longitudinal growth of long bones ceases when
the epiphyseal plate is completely replaced with bone tissue
the various types of epithelium are classifed
the shape of cells and number of cell layers
epithelial tissue is characterized by
tightly packed cells
which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light
vitamin D
