anatomy exam 5 - ch 14

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153) The medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain comprise the ________.

brain stem

T/F? The sympathetic chain is composed of collateral ganglia.

1) The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue. A) 15 percent B) 25 percent C) 68 percent D) 97 percent E) 35 percent

D) 97 percent

Norepinephrine (NE) or Acetylcholine (ACh)? Preganglionic sympathetic

Acetylcholine (ACh)

17) The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the A) first. B) second. C) third. D) fourth. E) lateral.

D) fourth.

135) Which sensation(s) does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry? A) hearing B) equilibrium C) atmospheric pressure D) hearing and equilibrium E) hearing, equilibrium, and taste

D) hearing and equilibrium

82) The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the ________. A) sacral nerve B) phrenic nerve C) sympathetic trunk D) vagus nerve

D) vagus nerve

The optic nerve crosses at the ________.

optic chiasm

Norepinephrine (NE) or Acetylcholine (ACh)? Preganglionic parasympathetic

Acetylcholine (ACh)

The two cholinergic receptor types are ________ and ________.

Nicotinic & Muscarinic

154) The folds of the cerebrum are called ________.

gyri

159) Chambers within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid are called ______.

ventricles

37) Identify the structures 1-10 (skip 5)

1) choroid plexus 2) cerebrospinal fluid 3) aqueduct of midbrain 4) lateral aperture 5) - 6) subarachnoid space 7) dura mater 8) arachnoid granulation 9) superior sagittal sinus 10) central canal

31) The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about A) 500 mL/day. B) 250 mL/day. C) 50 mL/day. D) 1000 mL/day. E) 150 mL/day.

A) 500 mL/day.

121) ________ is a disorder affecting the ability to speak or read. A) Aphasia B) Ataxia C) Apraxia D) Bell's palsy E) Dysphagia

A) Aphasia

62) Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________. A) NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response B) inactivation of ACh is fairly slow C) preganglionic fibers are short D) preganglionic fibers are long

A) NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response

86) Damage to the substantia nigra causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. This causes a gradual, generalized increase in muscle tone, which is the main symptom of A) Parkinson's disease. B) rabies. C) Alzheimer's disease. D) myasthenia gravis. E) tetanus.

A) Parkinson's disease.

50) Which of the following does not describe the ANS? A) a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells B) a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glands C) general visceral motor system D) involuntary nervous system

A) a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells

50) The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus A) are in the medulla and relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus. B) are in the pons and relay autonomic information from the hypothalamus. C) pass motor information to the cerebellum. D) are sensory gyri in the cerebral cortex. E) are white tracts in the brain stem.

A) are in the medulla and relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus.

56) The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as A) ataxia. B) aphasia. C) dysphagia. D) Parkinson's. E) epilepsy.

A) ataxia.

140) At the optic chiasm A) axons from the nasal halves of each retina cross. B) axons from the temporal halves of each retina cross. C) axons from the retinae synapse on those from the other half. D) the olfactory nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain. E) the optic nerve enters the cerebellum.

A) axons from the nasal halves of each retina cross.

85) The possibility of some control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by ________. A) biofeedback B) stress-induced hypertension C) nightmares D) split brain studies

A) biofeedback

109) The highest levels of information processing occur in the A) cerebrum. B) diencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) medulla oblongata. E) corpus callosum.

A) cerebrum.

11) A neural cortex is found on the surface of the A) cerebrum. B) pons. C) thalamus. D) midbrain. E) pons.

A) cerebrum.

54) The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________. A) ciliary ganglion B) otic ganglion C) pterygopalatine ganglion D) submandibular ganglion

A) ciliary ganglion

72) Beta-blockers ________. A) decrease heart rate and blood pressure B) increase a dangerously low heart rate C) are potent antidepressants D) have widespread sympathetic effects

A) decrease heart rate and blood pressure

69) The parasympathetic tone ________. A) determines normal activity of the urinary tract B) prevents unnecessary heart deceleration C) accelerates activity of the digestive tract D) causes blood pressure to rise

A) determines normal activity of the urinary tract

6) The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the A) hypothalamus. B) thalamus. C) brain stem. D) mesencephalon. E) myelencephalon.

A) hypothalamus.

57) Stimulation of the reticular formation results in A) increased consciousness. B) sleep. C) coma. D) decreased cerebral function. E) coughing.

A) increased consciousness.

118) Excitation of neurons in the basal nuclei would lead to A) increased muscle tone. B) loss of consciousness. C) inability to sense pain. D) sexual arousal. E) involuntary speech production.

A) increased muscle tone.

24) Cerebrospinal fluid A) is secreted by ependymal cells. B) is formed by a passive process. C) is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed. D) has almost the same composition as blood plasma. E) contains blood cells and blood plasma.

A) is secreted by ependymal cells.

Norepinephrine (NE) or Acetylcholine (ACh)? Postganglionic sympathetic to sweat glands

Acetylcholine (ACh)

2) Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains. A) larger B) smaller C) the same size D) very smooth E) more convoluted

A) larger

87) The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the A) longitudinal fissure. B) central sulcus. C) transverse fissure. D) parieto-occipital sulcus. E) postcentral sulcus.

A) longitudinal fissure.

8) Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) mesencephalon. D) diencephalon. E) cerebellum.

A) medulla oblongata.

12) As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become A) more complex. B) simpler. C) better understood. D) more crucial to visceral functions. E) critical to reflexes.

A) more complex.

65) The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision. A) oculomotor B) optic C) trochlear D) abducens

A) oculomotor

124) The only sensation that is received directly by the cerebrum is A) olfaction. B) gustation. C) hearing. D) vision. E) dizziness.

A) olfaction.

89) The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the A) parietal lobe. B) temporal lobe. C) frontal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula.

A) parietal lobe.

20) What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain? A) pia mater B) arachnoid C) dura mater D) cranial plexus E) choroid plexus

A) pia mater

35) The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the A) pia mater. B) dura mater. C) arachnoid membrane. D) neural cortex. E) subarachnoid mater.

A) pia mater.

100) The region of the brain responsible for predicting the consequence of events or actions is the A) prefrontal cerebral cortex. B) occipital association cortex. C) reticular formation. D) temporal lobe. E) cerebral ganglia.

A) prefrontal cerebral cortex.

95) The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ________ cortex. A) primary sensory B) primary motor C) visual D) olfactory E) auditory

A) primary sensory

74) Which is a uniquely sympathetic function? A) regulation of body temperature B) regulation of cardiac rate C) regulation of respiratory rate D) regulation of pupil size

A) regulation of body temperature

138) You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to A) smell his food. B) smile. C) blink his eyes. D) nod his head. E) hear your voice.

A) smell his food.

70) Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all but which one of the following? A) synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion B) ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglion C) synapase with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglion D) pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron

A) synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion

105) Difficulties in estimating temporal relationships between events may stem from damage to A) the prefrontal cortex. B) the general interpretive area. C) Broca's area. D) Wernicke's area. E) the temporal lobe.

A) the prefrontal cortex.

Norepinephrine (NE) or Acetylcholine (ACh)? Postganglionic parasympathetic

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Two major classes of adrenergic receptors, ________ and ________, are found in the ANS.

Alpha & Beta

126) ________ is a condition resulting from an inflammation of a facial nerve. A) Cerebral palsy B) Bell's palsy C) Addison's disease D) Gout E) Hydrocephalus

B) Bell's palsy

129) The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are A) I, II, and III. B) III, IV, and VI. C) II, III, and IV. D) II and VI. E) III and V.

B) III, IV, and VI. (3, 4 & 6)

113) ________ centers receive information from many association areas and direct extremely complex motor activities such as speech. A) Frontal B) Integrative C) Communication D) Terminal E) Vocal

B) Integrative

56) Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number ________. A) XII B) X C) V D) VII

B) X

52) The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except ________. A) to some degree in target responses to their neurotransmitters B) all of the neurotransmitters C) their effectors D) their efferent pathways

B) all of the neurotransmitters

54) The white matter of the cerebellum forms the A) flocculonodular lobe. B) arbor vitae. C) folia. D) vermis. E) pyramid.

B) arbor vitae.

34) The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the A) blastocytes. B) astrocytes. C) monocytes. D) leukocytes. E) lymphocytes.

B) astrocytes.

106) Within each hemisphere, deep to the floor of the lateral ventricle, you will find the A) anterior commissures. B) basal nuclei. C) motor association areas. D) visual cortex. E) auditory cortex.

B) basal nuclei.

71) The white rami communicantes ________. A) are found only in the C1-T1 cord segments B) carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain C) carry postganglionic fibers to the periphery D) are unmyelinated

B) carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain

67) Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve? A) pulmonary B) celiac C) esophageal D) cardiac

B) celiac

60) Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? A) salivation B) dilation of the pupils C) elimination of urine D) increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera

B) dilation of the pupils

120) A(n) ________ is a printed record of the brain's electrical activity over a period of time. A) electrocardiogram B) electroencephalogram C) x-ray D) MRI E) CT scan

B) electroencephalogram

18) Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus. A) epididymal B) ependymal C) appended D) astrocytes E) blood

B) ependymal

23) The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the A) dural sinus. B) falx cerebri. C) tentorium cerebelli. D) falx cerebelli. E) choroid plexus.

B) falx cerebri.

70) Which of the following is (are) true of the epithalamus? A) contains the mamillary body B) forms the roof of the diencephalon C) processes sensory information and relays it to the cerebrum D) forms the cerebrum E) creates the lateral ventricles

B) forms the roof of the diencephalon

116) Bob is struck on the left side of the head and is knocked unconscious. When he recovers consciousness, he can hear individual words but cannot understand the meaning of phrases or sentences. This implies damage to his A) vestibulocochlear nerve. B) general interpretive area. C) speech center. D) prefrontal lobe. E) temporal lobe.

B) general interpretive area.

141) A patient develops a tumor of a cranial nerve that leads to difficulty in speaking from a loss of tongue movement. Which cranial nerve is affected? A) glossopharyngeal B) hypoglossal C) vagus D) spinal accessory E) trigeminal

B) hypoglossal

84) Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the ________. A) inferior colliculus B) hypothalamus C) lateral horn of the spinal cord D) lateral geniculate of the thalamus

B) hypothalamus

75) Raynaud's disease ________. A) is frequently life threatening B) is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities C) occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord D) is induced by heat stress

B) is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities

73) The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include(s) the A) basal nuclei. B) lateral and medial geniculate nuclei. C) mamillary body. D) interthalamic adhesion. E) All of the answers are correct.

B) lateral and medial geniculate nuclei.

74) The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the A) pulvinar. B) lateral geniculates. C) medial geniculates. D) supraoptic nuclei. E) paraventricular nuclei.

B) lateral geniculates.

102) After suffering a stroke, Mary finds that she cannot move her right arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the area of the ________ lobe. A) right frontal B) left frontal C) right temporal D) left temporal E) occipital

B) left frontal

128) Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve. A) optic B) oculomotor C) trochlear D) olfactory E) abducens

B) oculomotor

57) The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________. A) sympathetic division B) parasympathetic division C) peripheral nervous system D) somatic division

B) parasympathetic division

7) The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) mesencephalon. D) diencephalon. E) thalamus.

B) pons.

92) The primary motor cortex is the surface of the A) insula. B) precentral gyrus. C) postcentral gyrus. D) arcuate gyrus. E) corpus callosum.

B) precentral gyrus.

122) The basal nuclei A) plan and coordinate voluntary muscle activity. B) provide the general pattern and rhythm for movements such as walking. C) coordinate sensory information. D) control the secretions of the pituitary gland. E) control respiration and blood pressure.

B) provide the general pattern and rhythm for movements such as walking.

59) The regions of the mesencephalon that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the A) tecta. B) red nuclei. C) cerebral peduncles. D) superior colliculi. E) inferior colliculi.

B) red nuclei.

143) The tympanic reflex A) produces rapid blinking when something comes into contact with the cornea. B) restricts the movement of auditory ossicles. C) triggers a blink in response to sudden noises. D) causes the eyes to move in the opposite direction of a rotational movement of the head. E) causes the pupil of the eye to constrict when subjected to a bright light.

B) restricts the movement of auditory ossicles.

14) The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the A) falx cerebri. B) septum pellucidum. C) septum insula. D) interventricular foramina. E) cerebral aqueduct.

B) septum pellucidum.

59) Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system? A) smooth muscle B) skeletal muscle C) most glands D) cardiac muscle

B) skeletal muscle

66) Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called ________. A) spinal nerves B) splanchnic nerves C) gray rami communicantes D) white rami communicantes

B) splanchnic nerves

49) The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________. A) vagus nerve activity B) sympathetic stimulation C) neurosecretory substances D) parasympathetic innervation

B) sympathetic stimulation

81) The smooth muscle of the digestive viscera is served largely by the ________. A) cephalic plexus B) tenth cranial nerve C) lumbar splanchnic nerves D) pelvic nerves

B) tenth cranial nerve

78) The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex. A) cerebrum B) thalamus C) pons D) medulla oblongata E) cerebellum

B) thalamus

63) Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra? A) third lumbar B) second cervical C) first thoracic D) first coccyx

C) first thoracic

77) Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve? A) those that synapse with somatic fibers B) those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia C) those that synapse with parasympathetic fibers D) those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they entered

B) those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia

136) Jean needs to have a tooth in her mandible filled. Her dentist injects a local anesthetic to block pain afferents in one of her cranial nerves. What cranial nerve does the dentist numb? A) trochlear B) trigeminal C) facial D) glossopharyngeal E) hypoglossal

B) trigeminal

The ________ receptor type is used by the heart, and when activated increases heart rate.

Beta 1

127) There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves. A) 2 B) 6 C) 12 D) 22 E) 31

C) 12

61) Which of the following statements is not true? A) Sympathetic has extensive branching of preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has minimal branching of preganglionic fibers. B) Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers. C) Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar. D) Sympathetic ganglia are within a few centimeters of the CNS; parasympathetic are close to visceral organs served.

C) Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar.

134) Which of the cranial nerves is named for the fact that it "wanders," that is, innervates structures throughout the thorax and abdomen? A) VIII B) IX C) X D) XI E) XII

C) X - vagus/nomad

27) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the A) jugular veins. B) dural drain. C) arachnoid granulations. D) tentorium cerebelli. E) frontal sinus.

C) arachnoid granulations.

99) Cortical regions that interpret sensory information or coordinate motor responses are called ________ areas. A) commissural B) sensory C) association D) somesthetic E) processing

C) association

51) Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the A) cerebrum. B) mesencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) pons. E) medulla oblongata.

C) cerebellum.

16) The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the A) central canal. B) tentorium cerebelli. C) cerebral aqueduct. D) interventricular foramina. E) pontine canal.

C) cerebral aqueduct.

60) Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the A) tegmenta. B) corpora quadrigemina. C) cerebral peduncles. D) superior colliculi. E) inferior colliculi.

C) cerebral peduncles.

78) In aging, autonomic inefficiency is often due to ________. A) peripheral vascular changes B) major loss of axons C) clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments D) cerebral hemorrhage

C) clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments

77) The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus A) regulate lactation. B) secrete oxytocin. C) control feeding reflexes. D) control heart rate and blood pressure. E) secrete antidiuretic hormone.

C) control feeding reflexes.

33) As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma. A) osmosis B) perfusion C) diffusion D) convection E) conduction

C) diffusion

55) Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________. A) constriction of most blood vessels B) increase of heart rate and force C) dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera D) dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles

C) dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera

58) Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________. A) thalamus B) medulla C) hypothalamus D) cerebellum

C) hypothalamus

101) Parkinson's disease is the result of A) inadequate production of GABA by neurons in the basal nuclei. B) decreased levels of acetylcholine from neurons in the substantia nigra. C) inadequate production of dopamine by substantia nigra neurons. D) hyperactivity of the limbic system. E) weak response of the red nuclei of the mesencephalon.

C) inadequate production of dopamine by substantia nigra neurons.

93) The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the ________ and ________. A) insula; parietal lobe B) frontal lobe; temporal lobe C) insula; frontal lobe D) precentral gyrus; prefrontal cortex. E) corpus callosum; fornix

C) insula; frontal lobe

83) Parasympathetic functions include ________. A) a stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction B) mobilizing storage energy sources C) lens accommodation for close vision D) allowing the body to cope with an external threat

C) lens accommodation for close vision

88) Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are A) fissures. B) sinuses. C) lobes. D) sulci. E) gyri.

C) lobes.

131) Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve. A) ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal B) maxillary branch of the trigeminal C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal D) glossopharyngeal E) hypoglossal

C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal

76) The ________ relay auditory information to the auditory cortex. A) pulvinar B) lateral geniculates C) medial geniculates D) supraoptic nuclei E) paraventricular nuclei

C) medial geniculates

52) The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the A) superior cerebellar peduncle. B) inferior cerebellar peduncle. C) middle cerebellar peduncle. D) longitudinal fibers. E) obverse fibers.

C) middle cerebellar peduncle.

75) Which of the following is a function of the thalamus? A) secrete cerebrospinal fluid B) secrete melatonin C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum D) store memories E) regulate food intake

C) process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum

4) Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain? A) cerebrum B) diencephalon C) prosencephalon D) midbrain E) pons

C) prosencephalon

63) Damage to the superior colliculi would interfere with the reflex ability to A) express rage. B) voluntarily move the arm. C) react to a bright light. D) react to loud noises. E) maintain proper posture.

C) react to a bright light.

25) Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier? A) tetracycline B) doxycycline C) sulfadiazine D) periostat E) Actisite

C) sulfadiazine

61) The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the A) substantia nigra. B) red nuclei. C) superior and inferior colliculi. D) cerebral peduncles. E) basal ganglia.

C) superior and inferior colliculi.

51) Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________. A) parasympathetic nervous system B) somatic nervous system C) sympathetic nervous system D) cerebrum

C) sympathetic nervous system

98) The auditory cortex is located in the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) temporal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula.

C) temporal lobe.

48) The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in A) the pons. B) the cerebrum. C) the medulla oblongata. D) the cerebellum. E) the midbrain.

C) the medulla oblongata.

112) Jane suffers from chronic seizures and in order to control the problem undergoes surgery in which the fibers of the corpus callosum are cut. As a result of this surgery she would likely be unable to A) speak. B) move her left arm. C) verbally identify an object placed in her left hand. D) recognize written words. E) touch her nose with her eyes closed.

C) verbally identify an object placed in her left hand.

68) Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________. A) visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons B) visceral arcs do not use integration centers C) visceral arcs involve two motor neurons D) somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess

C) visceral arcs involve two motor neurons

65) Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with A) control of autonomic function. B) regulation of body temperature. C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck. D) conscious control of skeletal muscles. E) control of breathing.

C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck.

115) Damage to the pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex would directly affect A) perception of pain. B) sight. C) voluntary motor activity. D) hearing. E) sense of touch.

C) voluntary motor activity.

142) Which of the following symptoms would you associate with damage to the spinal accessory nerve? A) loss of the sense of taste B) tooth pain C) weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle D) lack of facial expression E) dry mouth from lack of saliva

C) weakness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

53) A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be ________. A) anticholinesterase B) norepinephrine C) epinephrine D) a beta-blocker

D) a beta-blocker

111) A person with a damaged visual association area may be A) unable to see rows of letters. B) declared legally blind. C) unable to recognize letters but able to identify whole words and their meanings. D) able to see letters but unable to associate them into words. E) unable to understand spoken words.

D) able to see letters but unable to associate them into words.

104) The general interpretive area A) is the speech center of the brain. B) is responsible for predicting future consequences. C) is the site of long-term memory storage. D) allows us to interpret what is read or heard. E) may be damaged by even a small stroke.

D) allows us to interpret what is read or heard.

55) The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the A) pons. B) medulla. C) cerebral cortex. D) cerebellar cortex. E) arbor vitae.

D) cerebellar cortex.

94) The corpus callosum is composed of A) arcuate fibers. B) longitudinal fasciculi. C) association fibers. D) commissural fibers. E) projection fibers.

D) commissural fibers.

5) Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem? A) medulla oblongata B) pons C) mesencephalon D) diencephalon E) cerebellum

D) diencephalon

19) The dural sinuses are located in the A) paranasal cavity. B) arachnoid. C) pia mater. D) dural folds. E) tentorium cerebelli.

D) dural folds.

80) Joe begins to experience mood swings and disturbed thirst and hunger. Imaging studies indicate that a brain tumor is the likely cause of these disorders. In what part of the brain is the tumor most likely located? A) prefrontal cortex B) postcentral gyrus C) basal nuclei D) hypothalamus E) reticular formation

D) hypothalamus

79) Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion? A) in the cervical region B) close to the visceral effectors they serve C) in the head D) in the armpit

D) in the armpit

80) Sympathetic division stimulation causes ________. A) increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure B) decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure C) decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure D) increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure

D) increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure

21) The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the A) external carotid arteries. B) facial arteries. C) jugular veins. D) internal carotid and vertebral arteries. E) dural sinuses.

D) internal carotid and vertebral arteries.

15) Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n) A) aqueduct of Sylvius. B) cerebral aqueduct. C) aqueduct of midbrain. D) interventricular foramen. E) medulla oblongata.

D) interventricular foramen.

73) Erection of the penis or clitoris ________. A) is primarily under sympathetic control B) depends very little on autonomic activation C) is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input D) is primarily under parasympathetic control

D) is primarily under parasympathetic control

26) Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the A) interventricular foramina. B) aqueduct of Sylvius. C) dural sinus. D) lateral and median apertures. E) falx cerebri.

D) lateral and median apertures.

46) The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the A) cerebrum. B) cerebellum. C) diencephalon. D) medulla oblongata. E) heart.

D) medulla oblongata.

49) The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the A) cerebrum. B) mesencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) medulla oblongata. E) spinal cord.

D) medulla oblongata.

97) The visual cortex is located in the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) temporal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula.

D) occipital lobe.

139) Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate and synapse on neurons in the A) medulla. B) thalamus. C) cerebral cortex. D) olfactory bulb. E) olfactory tract.

D) olfactory bulb.

130) The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the A) abducens. B) facial. C) vagus. D) trigeminal. E) glossopharyngeal.

D) trigeminal.

86) The vagus nerve does not innervate the ________. A) kidneys B) pancreas C) gallbladder D) parotid gland

D) parotid gland

117) Damage to the premotor cortex of the frontal lobe would interfere with the ability to A) understand written words. B) understand spoken words. C) understand visual images. D) play the piano. E) sense the texture of velvet.

D) play the piano.

32) Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid? A) provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues B) provides buoyant support for the brain C) acts as a transport medium for nutrients D) provides ATP for impulse transmission E) acts as a transport medium for waste products

D) provides ATP for impulse transmission

29) What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? A) subdural space B) dural sinus C) falx cerebri D) subarachnoid space E) pia mater

D) subarachnoid space

66) Examination of a tissue sample from the central nervous system reveals many darkly pigmented cells. This tissue probably came from the A) nucleus gracilis. B) nucleus cuneatus. C) motor cortex. D) substantia nigra. E) red nucleus.

D) substantia nigra.

62) The ________ receive visual input from the lateral geniculates. A) substantia nigra B) red nuclei C) cerebral peduncles D) superior colliculi E) inferior colliculi

D) superior colliculi

10) Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) midbrain. D) thalamus. E) cerebellum.

D) thalamus.

64) Autonomic ganglia contain ________. A) an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons B) both somatic afferent and efferent neurons C) synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectors D) the cell bodies of motor neurons

D) the cell bodies of motor neurons

Norepinephrine (NE) or Acetylcholine (ACh)? Most postganglionic sympathetic

Norepinephrine (NE)

53) The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the A) flocculonodular lobe. B) arbor vitae. C) folia. D) vermis. E) pyramid.

D) vermis.

119) ________ is a temporary cerebral disorder accompanied by abnormal movements, unusual sensations, and/or inappropriate behavior. A) Dyslexia B) Apraxia C) Aphasia D) Parkinson's disease E) A seizure

E) A seizure

110) If the corpus callosum is surgically cut, A) the two cerebral hemispheres operate independently. B) symptoms of the "disconnection syndrome" appear. C) objects touched by the left hand can be recognized but not verbally identified. D) conscious decisions are made without regard to sensations from the left side. E) All of the answers are correct.