Anatomy Exam 6

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is

Tunica media

Digital arteries extend from the a: superficial palmar arch b: deep palmar arch c: plantar arch

a,b,c

The lifespan of an erythrocyte is about ___ days

120

During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at one time

2

The globulins make up about ___ percent of all plasma proteins

37

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

Albumins

Vasoconstriction of the arterioles will result in ___ in blood pressure

An increase

The great cardiac vein runs alongside the

Anterior interventricular artery

The beginning of the cardiac cycle is when the

Atria contract

The artery that will eventually divide to form the posterior cerebral arteries is the ___ artery

Basilar

The artery that bifurcates into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery is the

Brachiocephalic artery

The end of the aorta occurs when the vessel bifurcates into the

Common iliac arteries

Which action causes the closure of the right atrioventricular valve

Contraction of the right ventricle

The left and right coronary arteries travel within the

Coronary sulcus

Among the constituents of plasma, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are classified as

Electrolytes

One of the functions of blood is to regulate fluid levels in the body. If too much fluid escapes from the bloodstream and enters the tissues, blood pressure will

Decrease

Which fetal circulatory structure shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta

Ductus arteriosus

Which types of leukocyte increases in number because of the presence of an allergen

Eosinophil

Blood from the esophagus may return to the heart through both the superior and inferior vena cavae

False

The antigen-antibody is an example of the regulation function of blood

False

The relatively small size of the Purkinje fibers allows for the extremely rapid impulse conduction through the venticles

False

When viewing a centrifuged blood sample, the erythrocytes will be on top

False

The fetal shortcut from the right atrium to the left atrium is the

Foramen ovale

The agglutinogens that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are

Found on the surface of erythrocytes

The vein that drains into the femoral vein near the inguinal ligament is the ___ vein

Great saphenous

A patient with type B-blood is in need of a blood transfusion. If agglutination occurs after the transfusion, the issue may be because the donor

Has erythrocytes with the A antigen

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called

Hematopoiesis

Increased cardiac output ___ the blood pressure

Increases

The pulmonary arteries have ___ elastic tissue and ___ lumens than systemic arteries

Less; wider

The systemic veins carry blood that is ___ oxygen

Low in

Which of the artery types contain the internal and external elastic laminae

Muscular arteries

Imagine taking a sampling of the cells present at the site of a localized bacterial infection that just began. The primary leukocyte present is likely to be the

Neutrophil

Usually the most numerous of the leukocytes are the

Neutrophils

A myeloid stem is isolated from a patient and cultures in a lab. Which leukocyte types can be produced from this cell

Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

Which of the cardiovascular system's has deoxygenated blood in its arteries

Pulmonary circuit

In an EKG, the T wave denotes

Repolarization of the ventricles

Very large vessels require their own blood supply, and this is provided by a network of small arteries called the vasa vasorum

True

The right border of the heart is supplied by the

Right marginal artery

Development of the heart commences in the ___ week

Third

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions

Systemic circuit

During ventricular systole

The semilunar valves open and the AV valves close

The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called

Trabeculae Carneae

Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones

Transportation

About seventy percent of the ventricle filling is achieved passively without the contraction of the artia

True

Erythrocytes exhibit a limited lifespan due to their inability to synthesize the proteins necessary to repair themselves

True

Like the right atrium, the left atrium has pectinate muscles along its anterior wall

True

Macrophages are the converted monocytes that phagocytize bacteria, cell fragments, dead cells, and debris

True

No matter the cause, hypertrophy of the heart causes it to work less efficiently

True

Systolic pressure is greater than diastolic pressure due to the force generated by ventricular contraction

True

The ABO and Rh blood types are inherited independently of each other

True

The elastic (or conduction arteries) conduct blood from the heart to the smaller muscular arteries

True

The gap junctions of intercalated discs provide a low-resistance pathway across the membranes of adjoining cardiac muscle fibers

True

The liver receives both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

True

Though the autonomic innervation by autonomic centers in the brainstem cannot initiate a heartbeat, in can increase of decrease the heart rate

True

A network of small arteries called the ___ provides a blood supply to the tunica externa of very large vessels

Vasa vasorum

The inferior chambers of the heart are the

Ventricles

A student viewing a blood smear observes a cell with a lobes nucleus and obvious granules. Which of the following cell types may she be observing a: neutrophils b: eosinophils c: lymphocytes d: monocytes e: basophils f: erythrocytes

a,b,e

Which are characteristics of type O blood a: has anti-a antibodies b: has anti-b antibodies c: has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes d: has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes e: has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes

a,b,e