Anatomy Exam 6
In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is
Tunica media
Digital arteries extend from the a: superficial palmar arch b: deep palmar arch c: plantar arch
a,b,c
The lifespan of an erythrocyte is about ___ days
120
During a cardiac cycle, how many of the four chambers contract at one time
2
The globulins make up about ___ percent of all plasma proteins
37
The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the
Albumins
Vasoconstriction of the arterioles will result in ___ in blood pressure
An increase
The great cardiac vein runs alongside the
Anterior interventricular artery
The beginning of the cardiac cycle is when the
Atria contract
The artery that will eventually divide to form the posterior cerebral arteries is the ___ artery
Basilar
The artery that bifurcates into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery is the
Brachiocephalic artery
The end of the aorta occurs when the vessel bifurcates into the
Common iliac arteries
Which action causes the closure of the right atrioventricular valve
Contraction of the right ventricle
The left and right coronary arteries travel within the
Coronary sulcus
Among the constituents of plasma, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are classified as
Electrolytes
One of the functions of blood is to regulate fluid levels in the body. If too much fluid escapes from the bloodstream and enters the tissues, blood pressure will
Decrease
Which fetal circulatory structure shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta
Ductus arteriosus
Which types of leukocyte increases in number because of the presence of an allergen
Eosinophil
Blood from the esophagus may return to the heart through both the superior and inferior vena cavae
False
The antigen-antibody is an example of the regulation function of blood
False
The relatively small size of the Purkinje fibers allows for the extremely rapid impulse conduction through the venticles
False
When viewing a centrifuged blood sample, the erythrocytes will be on top
False
The fetal shortcut from the right atrium to the left atrium is the
Foramen ovale
The agglutinogens that determine the ABO and Rh blood types are
Found on the surface of erythrocytes
The vein that drains into the femoral vein near the inguinal ligament is the ___ vein
Great saphenous
A patient with type B-blood is in need of a blood transfusion. If agglutination occurs after the transfusion, the issue may be because the donor
Has erythrocytes with the A antigen
The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called
Hematopoiesis
Increased cardiac output ___ the blood pressure
Increases
The pulmonary arteries have ___ elastic tissue and ___ lumens than systemic arteries
Less; wider
The systemic veins carry blood that is ___ oxygen
Low in
Which of the artery types contain the internal and external elastic laminae
Muscular arteries
Imagine taking a sampling of the cells present at the site of a localized bacterial infection that just began. The primary leukocyte present is likely to be the
Neutrophil
Usually the most numerous of the leukocytes are the
Neutrophils
A myeloid stem is isolated from a patient and cultures in a lab. Which leukocyte types can be produced from this cell
Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes
Which of the cardiovascular system's has deoxygenated blood in its arteries
Pulmonary circuit
In an EKG, the T wave denotes
Repolarization of the ventricles
Very large vessels require their own blood supply, and this is provided by a network of small arteries called the vasa vasorum
True
The right border of the heart is supplied by the
Right marginal artery
Development of the heart commences in the ___ week
Third
Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions
Systemic circuit
During ventricular systole
The semilunar valves open and the AV valves close
The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called
Trabeculae Carneae
Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of carbon dioxide and endocrine hormones
Transportation
About seventy percent of the ventricle filling is achieved passively without the contraction of the artia
True
Erythrocytes exhibit a limited lifespan due to their inability to synthesize the proteins necessary to repair themselves
True
Like the right atrium, the left atrium has pectinate muscles along its anterior wall
True
Macrophages are the converted monocytes that phagocytize bacteria, cell fragments, dead cells, and debris
True
No matter the cause, hypertrophy of the heart causes it to work less efficiently
True
Systolic pressure is greater than diastolic pressure due to the force generated by ventricular contraction
True
The ABO and Rh blood types are inherited independently of each other
True
The elastic (or conduction arteries) conduct blood from the heart to the smaller muscular arteries
True
The gap junctions of intercalated discs provide a low-resistance pathway across the membranes of adjoining cardiac muscle fibers
True
The liver receives both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
True
Though the autonomic innervation by autonomic centers in the brainstem cannot initiate a heartbeat, in can increase of decrease the heart rate
True
A network of small arteries called the ___ provides a blood supply to the tunica externa of very large vessels
Vasa vasorum
The inferior chambers of the heart are the
Ventricles
A student viewing a blood smear observes a cell with a lobes nucleus and obvious granules. Which of the following cell types may she be observing a: neutrophils b: eosinophils c: lymphocytes d: monocytes e: basophils f: erythrocytes
a,b,e
Which are characteristics of type O blood a: has anti-a antibodies b: has anti-b antibodies c: has surface antigen O on its erythrocytes d: has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes e: has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes
a,b,e