anatomy lab quiz 1(ear/part 2)
static equilibrium
A condition where there are no net external forces acting upon a particle or rigid body and the body remains at rest or continues at a constant velocity.
falling postural adjustment
As a result of static equilibrium, recognition of movements such as _____ are detected and ____ ______ are accomplished.
vestibulocochlear
As certain hair cells are stimulated, these receptors initiate nerve impulses to pass over the cochlear branch of the ______ nerve into the brain.
stereocilia vestibular neurons
As we change our head position, gravitational forces allow the shift of the otiliths to bend the _____ of the hair cells of the macula, resulting in stimulation of sensory ____ neurons.
otoliths
Embedded within the otolithic membrane are numerous tiny calcium carbonate "ear stones" called ______.
spiral organ
Finally, some hair cells of the ____ _____ are stimulated.
outer auricle tympanic membrane
The ___ ear consists of the ____ that funnels sound waves, the external acoustic meatus, and the ______ _____ that vibrates like a drum when sound waves hit.
middle tympanic cavity malleus, incus, and stapes
The ______ ear consists of the air-filled chamber, called the _____ ______, and ossicles called the ____, ____, ____ that transmit sound vibrations to the oval window.
receptors for static equilibrium
maculae
nystagmus
reflex eye twitching movements
receptors for dynamic equilibrium
semicircular canal containing: cristae ampullaris that has hair cells
Eustachian tube pressure
the _____ _____, also called the pharyngotympanic tube, connects the middle ear to the pharynx to equalize the ____ in the outer and middle ear.
inner ear
the sense organs associated with the sense of static equilibrium are located within the vestibules of the ____ _____.
dynamic equilibrium
the special sense which interprets balance when one is moving, or at least the head is moving
pharyngotympanic tube
To allow the same pressure in the outer and middle ear, the ______ _____ connects the middle ear to the pharynx.
maculae hair cells
Two chambers, the utricle and saccule, contain receptors called ___ which are composed of ____ ____embedded within a gelatinous otolithic membrane.
temporal
When nerve impulses arrive at the auditory cortex of the _____ lobe of the cerebrum, the impulses are interpreted and the sensations of hearing are created.
The ear is composed of outer, middle, and inner parts. The large ___ _____ gathers sound waves of air and directs them _____ ______ _____ to the tympanic membrane.
external auricle external acoustic meatus tympanic membrane
otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
otoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the ear
presbycusis
age related hearing loss
Pathway of sound through the ear
auricle-external acoustic meatus(air vibrations within)-tympanic membrane-malleus-incus-stapes-oval window-basilar membrane of spiral organ within cochlea-hair cells of spiral region
auditory ossicles oval window
The middle ear ___ ____ conduct and amplify the waves from the tympanic membrane to the ____ _____
cochlea
The sound waves are further conducted through the fluids of the _____ in the inner ear.
