Anatomy Midterm 5-8

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Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of the brain and spinal cord

Central nervous system (CNS)

Primary action of the deltoid

abduction

The movement of a limb away from the body midlin

abduction

While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called ________.

abduction

Primary action of the adductor muscles

adduction

the movement of a limb toward the body midline

adduction

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are two arms of the ________.

autonomic nervous system

The dens is a process projecting from the ________.

axis

The term central nervous system refers to the ________.

brain and spinal cord

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the ________.

brain stem

__1__ Atlas __1__ Sternum __2__ Fibula __1__ True ribs __2__ Femur __2__ Phalanges __2__ Coxal bone __2__ Tarsals __1__ Parietal bones __2__ Ulna

1. axial skeleton 2. appendicular skeleton

__2__ Joint created by the intervertebral discs __2__ Joint created by the pubic symphysis __1__ Hinge joint, such as the elbow joint __3__ Skull sutures __3__ Joint created by the teeth and mandible or maxillary bones

1. synovial joint 2. cartilaginous joint 3. fibrous joint

Muscle tissue found only in the heart

cardiac muscle

Muscle tissue composed of branching cells and intercalated discs

cardiac muscle tissue

Most common form is the lack of red or green cone receptors

color blindness

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

conjunctivitis

The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the ________.

cornea

Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?

diaphysis

Which one of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges?

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Which one of the following is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from the outermost to the innermost layer?

epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Primary action of the erector spinae

extension

Primary action of the rectus abdominis

flexion

Type of movement that decreases the angle of the joint

flexion

Which type of rib lacks an attachment to the sternum?

floating ribs

Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness

glaucoma

Which muscle group includes the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus?

hamstring group

Fluid-filled part of the ear

inner ear

Location of equilibrium receptors

inner ear

Location of otoliths

inner ear

Location of the cochlea

inner ear

Location of the vestibular apparatus

inner ear

Type of movement that turns the sole of the foot medially

inversion

The pupil is an opening within the ________.

iris

What is the main function of the quadriceps group?

knee extension

Which of the following consists of two large, flat muscles that cover the lower back?

latissimus dorsi

The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ________.

lens

What flexible, crystal-like structure of the eye focuses light on the retina?

lens

The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as ________.

long bones

Which spinal curvature is associated with the lower back and appears when a baby begins to walk?

lumbar

Identify the pathway of vibrations as they travel from one ossicle to the next.

malleus, incus, stapes

The sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the ________.

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

Which of these bones is associated with the hand?

metacarpals

Location of the ossicles

middle ear

Location of the pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

middle ear

Tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from this region

middle ear

Nearsightedness

myopia

Location of ceruminous glands

outer ear

Location of the auricle (pinna) and external acoustic meatus

outer ear

Constricts bronchioles of respiratory passageways

parasympathetic nervous system

Decreases heart rate

parasympathetic nervous system

No effect on most blood vessels

parasympathetic nervous system

The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the ________.

parasympathetic nervous system

Which of the following is NOT a major nerve of the brachial nerve plexus?

phrenic

Type of movement that points the toes

plantar flexion

Decreased lens elasticity associated with aging

presbyopia

Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?

receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis

rotation

The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the ________, and a transparent portion known as the ________.

sclera; cornea

How many true ribs do humans have?

seven

Voluntary muscle tissue

skeletal muscle

Muscle tissue that is multinucleate

skeletal muscle tissue

Muscle tissue that maintains posture, body position, and stabilizes joints

skeletal muscle tissue

The axial skeleton contains ________

skull, ture and false ribs, vertebrae

Muscle tissue that activates arrector pili muscles to stand hairs on end

smooth muscle tissue

Muscle tissue that dilates and constricts the pupils of our eyes

smooth muscle tissue

Performs very slow, sometimes rhythmic, contractions

smooth muscle tissue

The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the ________ sutures.

squamous

Which of the following bones is considered part of the axial skeleton?

sternum

"Crossed eyes"

strabismus

Type of movement that allows you to carry a soup bowl

supination

The five taste sensations are ________.

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

Decreases digestive system activities

sympathetic nervous system

Decreases urine output of the kidneys

sympathetic nervous system

Increases metabolic rate

sympathetic nervous system

Stimulates sweat glands to produce perspiration

sympathetic nervous system

Which of these muscles is the prime mover of elbow extension?

triceps brachii

How many pairs of cranial nerves branch from the surface of the brain?

twelve

Sound waves entering the external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) hit the eardrum, also known as the ________.

tympanic membrane

Which two bones constitute the forearm?

ulna and radius

What bones protect the spinal cord?

vertebrae

Which cranial nerve transmits impulses for the senses of hearing and balance?

vestibulocochlear

Which cranial nerve transmits both hearing and equilibrium information to the brain?

vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the ________.

vitreous humor (body)

Identify the bones that do NOT house a paranasal sinus.

zygomatic bones

Which bones are commonly referred to as the cheekbones?

zygomatic bones

Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Functional nervous system subdivision that carries information toward the central nervous system from receptors

Sensory (afferent) division

Increases the release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla

Sympathetic nervous system

Subdivision of the motor division responsible for controlling involuntary events

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Functional nervous system division that carries information from the central nervous system toward effectors

Motor (efferent) division

The parietal bone is indicated by ________.

Label A

The greater tubercle and trochlea are bone markings situated on the bone marked by ________.

Label E

The ilium, pubis, and ischium fuse to form the bone marked by ________.

Label G

The patella is indicated by ________.

Label I

The mandible is indicated by ________.

Label N

The manubrium and xiphoid process fuse to form the bone indicated by ________.

Label O

The radius bone is indicated by ________.

Label Q

The carpals are indicated by ________.

Label T

The fibula is indicated by ________.

Label X


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