Anatomy Midterm 5-8
Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of the brain and spinal cord
Central nervous system (CNS)
Primary action of the deltoid
abduction
The movement of a limb away from the body midlin
abduction
While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called ________.
abduction
Primary action of the adductor muscles
adduction
the movement of a limb toward the body midline
adduction
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are two arms of the ________.
autonomic nervous system
The dens is a process projecting from the ________.
axis
The term central nervous system refers to the ________.
brain and spinal cord
The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are housed in the ________.
brain stem
__1__ Atlas __1__ Sternum __2__ Fibula __1__ True ribs __2__ Femur __2__ Phalanges __2__ Coxal bone __2__ Tarsals __1__ Parietal bones __2__ Ulna
1. axial skeleton 2. appendicular skeleton
__2__ Joint created by the intervertebral discs __2__ Joint created by the pubic symphysis __1__ Hinge joint, such as the elbow joint __3__ Skull sutures __3__ Joint created by the teeth and mandible or maxillary bones
1. synovial joint 2. cartilaginous joint 3. fibrous joint
Muscle tissue found only in the heart
cardiac muscle
Muscle tissue composed of branching cells and intercalated discs
cardiac muscle tissue
Most common form is the lack of red or green cone receptors
color blindness
Inflammation of the conjunctiva
conjunctivitis
The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the ________.
cornea
Which one of the following correctly lists the order of the parts through which light passes as it enters the eye?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?
diaphysis
Which one of the following represents the correct sequence from outermost to innermost layers of the meninges?
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Which one of the following is the correct sequence in connective tissue sheaths, going from the outermost to the innermost layer?
epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
Primary action of the erector spinae
extension
Primary action of the rectus abdominis
flexion
Type of movement that decreases the angle of the joint
flexion
Which type of rib lacks an attachment to the sternum?
floating ribs
Increased pressure within the eye, which causes pain and possibly blindness
glaucoma
Which muscle group includes the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus?
hamstring group
Fluid-filled part of the ear
inner ear
Location of equilibrium receptors
inner ear
Location of otoliths
inner ear
Location of the cochlea
inner ear
Location of the vestibular apparatus
inner ear
Type of movement that turns the sole of the foot medially
inversion
The pupil is an opening within the ________.
iris
What is the main function of the quadriceps group?
knee extension
Which of the following consists of two large, flat muscles that cover the lower back?
latissimus dorsi
The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the ________.
lens
What flexible, crystal-like structure of the eye focuses light on the retina?
lens
The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as ________.
long bones
Which spinal curvature is associated with the lower back and appears when a baby begins to walk?
lumbar
Identify the pathway of vibrations as they travel from one ossicle to the next.
malleus, incus, stapes
The sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the ________.
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
Which of these bones is associated with the hand?
metacarpals
Location of the ossicles
middle ear
Location of the pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube
middle ear
Tympanic membrane separates the outer ear from this region
middle ear
Nearsightedness
myopia
Location of ceruminous glands
outer ear
Location of the auricle (pinna) and external acoustic meatus
outer ear
Constricts bronchioles of respiratory passageways
parasympathetic nervous system
Decreases heart rate
parasympathetic nervous system
No effect on most blood vessels
parasympathetic nervous system
The effects of the sympathetic nervous system are essentially opposite of the ________.
parasympathetic nervous system
Which of the following is NOT a major nerve of the brachial nerve plexus?
phrenic
Type of movement that points the toes
plantar flexion
Decreased lens elasticity associated with aging
presbyopia
Which of the following is the correct sequence in a typical reflex arc?
receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis
rotation
The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the ________, and a transparent portion known as the ________.
sclera; cornea
How many true ribs do humans have?
seven
Voluntary muscle tissue
skeletal muscle
Muscle tissue that is multinucleate
skeletal muscle tissue
Muscle tissue that maintains posture, body position, and stabilizes joints
skeletal muscle tissue
The axial skeleton contains ________
skull, ture and false ribs, vertebrae
Muscle tissue that activates arrector pili muscles to stand hairs on end
smooth muscle tissue
Muscle tissue that dilates and constricts the pupils of our eyes
smooth muscle tissue
Performs very slow, sometimes rhythmic, contractions
smooth muscle tissue
The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the ________ sutures.
squamous
Which of the following bones is considered part of the axial skeleton?
sternum
"Crossed eyes"
strabismus
Type of movement that allows you to carry a soup bowl
supination
The five taste sensations are ________.
sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami
Decreases digestive system activities
sympathetic nervous system
Decreases urine output of the kidneys
sympathetic nervous system
Increases metabolic rate
sympathetic nervous system
Stimulates sweat glands to produce perspiration
sympathetic nervous system
Which of these muscles is the prime mover of elbow extension?
triceps brachii
How many pairs of cranial nerves branch from the surface of the brain?
twelve
Sound waves entering the external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) hit the eardrum, also known as the ________.
tympanic membrane
Which two bones constitute the forearm?
ulna and radius
What bones protect the spinal cord?
vertebrae
Which cranial nerve transmits impulses for the senses of hearing and balance?
vestibulocochlear
Which cranial nerve transmits both hearing and equilibrium information to the brain?
vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
The gel-like substance that reinforces the eyeball and prevents it from collapsing inward is the ________.
vitreous humor (body)
Identify the bones that do NOT house a paranasal sinus.
zygomatic bones
Which bones are commonly referred to as the cheekbones?
zygomatic bones
Structural nervous system subdivision that consists of spinal nerves and cranial nerves
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Functional nervous system subdivision that carries information toward the central nervous system from receptors
Sensory (afferent) division
Increases the release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla
Sympathetic nervous system
Subdivision of the motor division responsible for controlling involuntary events
Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Functional nervous system division that carries information from the central nervous system toward effectors
Motor (efferent) division
The parietal bone is indicated by ________.
Label A
The greater tubercle and trochlea are bone markings situated on the bone marked by ________.
Label E
The ilium, pubis, and ischium fuse to form the bone marked by ________.
Label G
The patella is indicated by ________.
Label I
The mandible is indicated by ________.
Label N
The manubrium and xiphoid process fuse to form the bone indicated by ________.
Label O
The radius bone is indicated by ________.
Label Q
The carpals are indicated by ________.
Label T
The fibula is indicated by ________.
Label X