anatomy practical
True or false: Ion channels use the energy of ATP to maintain concentration gradients across neuron membranes
FALSE
_____ are released from neurons in response to conductive activity.
Neurotransmitters
_____ are found in mixed nerves
Sensory and motor axons
_____ are unique channels in that they have three states; resting, activation, and inactivation
Voltage-gated channels
______ is a type of membrane transport protein that increases the potential energy across a membrane
a pump
Action potentials are always propagated along an axon at the same ______ but ______ can vary depending on the strength of the stimulus
amplitude; frequency
The nerve impulse causes ______ in the number of calcium ions that enter the synaptic knob.
an increase
The presence of ______ ions causes the synaptic vesicles to bind to the membrane, allowing neurotransmitters to be released.
calcium
The brain and spinal cord are part of the ______.
central nervous system
Most synapses in the human body are ______ synapses.
chemical
the main activity of the ______ is the propagation of an action potential along the axolemma.
conductive segment
Glial cells ______ transmit electrical impulses.
do not
Membrane channels provide the means to move a substance ______ its concentration gradient.
down
Synapses are classified as _____
electrical synapses chemical synapses
Negatively charged proteins and other large organic molecules are found in ______.
greater amounts inside a neuron
Glial cells are found _____
in both the central and peripheral nervous system
The myelin sheath is made of a high percentage of ______.
lipids
The autonomic division of the nervous system is part of the ______ nervous system
motor
Na+ and K+ leak channels and Na+/K+ pumps on the neuron are responsible for establishing and maintaining the _______ membrane ________
resting, potential
Which of the following are characteristics of neurons? support secretion nonexcitable excitability extreme longevity protection conductivity amitotic
secretion excitability extreme longevity conductivity amitotic
The somatic division of the nervous system that receives information from the eyes, ears, and skin is the somatic _______ division.
sensory
Glial cells are ______ than neurons.
smaller
the flow of ______ ion is the most common cause of depolarization
sodium
Which of the following membrane transporters are present throughout the membrane of a neuron? voltage-gated potassium channels sodium leak channels voltage-gated sodium channels potassium leak channels Na+/K+ pumps
sodium leak channels potassium leak channels Na+/K+ pumps
Which terms are used for the structural classification of nerves?
spinal cranial
The process by which postsynaptic potentials are added together at the initial segment is known as ______
summation
the conductive segment of a neuron is/are the ____
total length of the axon
