anatomy practical

True or false: Ion channels use the energy of ATP to maintain concentration gradients across neuron membranes

FALSE

_____ are released from neurons in response to conductive activity.

Neurotransmitters

_____ are found in mixed nerves

Sensory and motor axons

_____ are unique channels in that they have three states; resting, activation, and inactivation

Voltage-gated channels

______ is a type of membrane transport protein that increases the potential energy across a membrane

a pump

Action potentials are always propagated along an axon at the same ______ but ______ can vary depending on the strength of the stimulus

amplitude; frequency

The nerve impulse causes ______ in the number of calcium ions that enter the synaptic knob.

an increase

The presence of ______ ions causes the synaptic vesicles to bind to the membrane, allowing neurotransmitters to be released.

calcium

The brain and spinal cord are part of the ______.

central nervous system

Most synapses in the human body are ______ synapses.

chemical

the main activity of the ______ is the propagation of an action potential along the axolemma.

conductive segment

Glial cells ______ transmit electrical impulses.

do not

Membrane channels provide the means to move a substance ______ its concentration gradient.

down

Synapses are classified as _____

electrical synapses chemical synapses

Negatively charged proteins and other large organic molecules are found in ______.

greater amounts inside a neuron

Glial cells are found _____

in both the central and peripheral nervous system

The myelin sheath is made of a high percentage of ______.

lipids

The autonomic division of the nervous system is part of the ______ nervous system

motor

Na+ and K+ leak channels and Na+/K+ pumps on the neuron are responsible for establishing and maintaining the _______ membrane ________

resting, potential

Which of the following are characteristics of neurons? support secretion nonexcitable excitability extreme longevity protection conductivity amitotic

secretion excitability extreme longevity conductivity amitotic

The somatic division of the nervous system that receives information from the eyes, ears, and skin is the somatic _______ division.

sensory

Glial cells are ______ than neurons.

smaller

the flow of ______ ion is the most common cause of depolarization

sodium

Which of the following membrane transporters are present throughout the membrane of a neuron? voltage-gated potassium channels sodium leak channels voltage-gated sodium channels potassium leak channels Na+/K+ pumps

sodium leak channels potassium leak channels Na+/K+ pumps

Which terms are used for the structural classification of nerves?

spinal cranial

The process by which postsynaptic potentials are added together at the initial segment is known as ______

summation

the conductive segment of a neuron is/are the ____

total length of the axon