Anatomy semester 1 final review

Short bones

Cube shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called_____bones

Water salts and many acids and bases

Examples of inorganic compounds

7 cervical vertebrae (neck) 12 thoracic vertebrae (chest region) 5 lumbar vertebrae (lower back) Sacrum Coccyx

From superior to inferior, what is the correct order of the vertebrae

Surface tension of water

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for.......?

Diaphysis

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?

Homeostasis

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions

Central body cavity

The central region of the thoracic cavity containing the heart

Dome shaped

The diaphragm creates a ______ section between thoracic and abdominal cavities

Hinge joint

The elbow is classified as......

Long bones

The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as______

Your feet are parallel in the arms hanging off the side with the palms facing forward

When correctly situate an anatomical position where are your feet in relation to your knees

Effector

When her body temperature rises above 37°C or 98°F a negative feedback mechanism will be triggered to lower the body temperature as a result our sweat glands release sweat to cool the body temperatureWhat part of negative feedback mechanism is the sweat gland

Line all body cavities that opens to exterior of the body

Where can mucous membranes be found

synnovial membrane

The _____ membrane lines the fibrous capsule surrounding joints

Hydrogen ions

An acid is a molecule that releases____

Connective

Bone is known as what kind of tissue?

The "stuff" of the universe

Matter is best described as....

negative feedback

Milk production during breast-feeding is increased by the suckling of newborn from his mother's nipple this type of feedback mechanism best describes.....

Osteoporosis

Mrs. Bruso a woman in her 80s is brought to the clinic with a fractured hip x-rays reveal compression fractures in her lower vertebral column and extremely low bone density in her vertebrae, coxal bones and femurs. what condition is she experiencing

Neurophysiology explains the workings of the nervous system and cardiac physiology studies the function of the heart

Names of activities that represents a physiological study

Synovial joints

Plane, hinge, and pivot joints are examples of

Equally

Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared____

Metabolism

Refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body

Tranlsation

Some antibiotics tRNA form delivering amino acids to the ribosome. What process cannot b completed?

1) MRNA is made by DNA 2) mRNA leaves the nucleus and translation begins 3) tRNA recognize the mRNA and bind the anticodon to the codon 4) as the ribosome moves along the mRNA a new amino acid is added to the protein chain 5) releases tRNA reenters the cytoplasmic pool and it stars all over

Steps of protein synthesis and export from the cell in proper order

Tight junctions

The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called____

Cutaneous

The only dry membrane is.....

Serous membranes

The pleura and pericardium are examples of ____ membranes that cover organs in a body cavity closed to the exterior

Ossification

The process of bone formation is known as_____

exocrine glands

The sebaceous and sweat glands associated with the skin are classified as_____glands because they release secretions to the skins surface via ducts

Axial skeleton

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage from the_____skeleton

Cells

The smallest unit of all living things

Organelle

The specialized cellular compartments within the cytosol of cell are collectively called____

Anatomy

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts in their relationships to one another

Medians/mid sagittal

The surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity this section is known as a

Keratin

The tanning effect that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to the increased presence of......

thoracic cavity

To perform heart surgery incision is made into the ______ cavity

Transcription

Transfer of information from DNA's base sequence to complementary base sequence of mRNA

Articulation or joint

Two or more bones meet at a location called....

Double

Unsaturated fatty acid chains contain one or more____Bonds between carbon Atoms

There is a nucleus and a basement membrane *look at pic in book pg.91

What does simple cubodial epithelium look like?

*look at book pg.92

What does stratified squamous look like?

Bone can still grow in length

What does the presence of a epiphyseal plate indicate about that bone?

Sebum

What is a lubricant that keeps skin soft and moist and also contains chemicals that kill bacteria?

1) it replicates self exactly before a cell can divide us ensuring that every body cell gets an identical copy of the genetic information 2) it provides instructions for building every protein in the body

What is the function of DNA?

Oxygen

What is the most common element in the body

Hematoma forms Fibrocartilage callus forms Bony callus forms Bone remodeling

What is the sequence of the four stages in the healing of a bone fracture

active transport and passive transport

What processes require the use of protein carrier molecules?

Ionic

What type of bond results with electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another

reticular connective tissue

What type of connective tissue is found in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow?

Articulate cartilage

What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints?

Mucous membranes

Which membranes line body cavities that are open to the exterior?

melanin, carotene, hemoglobin

Which pigments contribute to skin color?

High heat capacity

Which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature?

It provides a form of chemical energy that all body cells can use

Why is ATP an important nuclei acid in the body

Stratum basale

You have just gotten a paper cut, but it doesn't bleed. Which layers of the skin has/have the cut penetrated?

Adipose

_____tissue is commonly called fat?