Ancient China

what are the three steps of china

western china the highest with the himilayas central china the middle with the gobi desert to the north then eastern china the lowest by the pacific

what do they grow in the north

wheat

Qin Dynasty

(221-207 BCE) The first centralized dynasty of China that used Legalism as its base of belief.

Yuan Dynasty

(1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China;

When was the Zhou Dynasty?

1029-771bc

when was the red turbine rebellion

1351 ce - 1368

When was the Ming Dynasty?

1368-1644 AD

when did china last

150 bc to 1911

When was the Shang Dynasty?

1600-1029bc

when did Qing Dynasty last

1644 - 1911

Han Dynasty

206-220ce

how much was the lnd of the terracotta army sold for

500 dollars the owners now sign aoutographs

When was the Sui Dynasty?

589-618 ce

how many warriors are there

6,000

When was the Tang Dynasty?

618-907 CE

When was the Song dynasty in power?

AD 960-1271

chinese government

Absolute Monarchy and Theocracy Created First Chinese Dynasty (The Shang Dynasty)

What were Confucius' teachings recorded in

After Confucius's death, several of his followers, or students, collected his sayings and published them in a book called The Analects. This book preserved the teaching of Confucius for future generations.

why did the man hold the power in the Confucius relationship

Although Confucius spoke of the father-son and older brother-younger brother relationships, the same relationships held true for a mother and a daughter or an older sister and a younger sister. However, according to Confucius, women were obedient to men, so a husband held the power in a marriage.

moustaches on the soldiers

Archaeologists have found 24 different types of moustaches on the soldiers faces. They show the range of social classes which the army came from. Individual differences could indicate social status or simply personal preference.

China's Golden Age

C hina's Golden Age began around 200 BCE and was filled with economic growth success in war and increase in education artists flourished scientests made siesmograph silk road was made which covered 4 thousand miles

dynasties that adopted legalism

China was united under the Qin Empire. Qin Shi Huang Di, the emperor who ruled from 221 to 210 BCE, agreed with the basic belief of Legalism that people could not be trusted. So he set up a strict government with tight control and fierce punishments. He also tried to control his opposition by imprisoning or killing people who spoke unfavorably of him and removing books he believed to contain dangerous or harmful information, including books on Confucian thought. Emperor Qin accomplished a great deal during his reign and laid the foundation for the dynasties that would follow. However, his policies killed thousands of people, and his rule was so unpopular that soon after his death his successor was overthrown.

achievements by the shang

China's first writing system, use of bronze and jade, calendar, had 3000 pictograms Decimal System Bronze weapons Yoke Harness Chariots

how do we know the classes in the army

Clothing and hairstyles show us the class differences which existed in this army. An officer has a topknot

how did confucius believe leaders should rule

Confucius believed China was in disorder because the lords were not ruling well. He believed rulers needed to be honest, rule fairly, and set a good example for their subjects. Confucius also believed government officials needed to display these same qualities so that people's faith in their rulers and officials would return. He believed that if rulers acted with integrity, then their subjects would gladly follow their leadership and order would be restored to China.

what are laozi's teachings stored in

Daodejing, or "The Classic of the Way of Power." However, some historians argue that the Daodejing was written by a series of people over many years. You may also see this book called the Tao Te Ching, a title that uses an older method to translate writing Chinese characters as English syllables.

literature in daoism

Daoism has also shaped styles of literature, painting, and calligraphy (including the works of Wang Xizhi, one of the greatest Chinese calligraphers) throughout Chinese history. The Daoist principles of yin and yang, with an emphasis on balance, have influenced all aspects of Chinese culture. Daoist thought also influences Chinese medical practices such as acupuncture and martial arts such as tai chi

what did daoism belive about issues we experience

Daoists also noticed that the elements of nature accepted their place in the world. Daoists believe humans should model this principle by accepting their situations and trying to live as simply as possible. In addition, Daoists taught that humans should accept the negative things that happened to them, because nature would eventually balance these with good things

how should rulers rule according to taosim

Daoists believed that rules kept people from living in harmony with nature. Therefore, rulers should interfere in the lives of their subjects as little as possible. A good ruler was one who enforced few laws and allowed his subjects the freedom to find the Dao, or correct path in life, by themselves.

dyansties that enforced daosim

During certain dynasties, such as the Tang, Daoist texts were used for civil service examinations. This meant that to be considered a competent civil servant, or government worker, a person needed to be well versed in the principles of Daoism.

Chinese Social Hierarchy

Emporer-Gov. Officials and warriors- farmers and peasants - crafts people - Merchants and Traders

where did farmers grow their crops

Farmers grew crops near the Huang He Valley. Southern China has a warm, rainy, long growing season, which incorporates "terrace farming."

Chinese Architecture

Great Wall of China Well Developed Towns & Cities

What did Han Feizi believe about people?

Han Feizi believed people were primarily selfish and only interested in doing what would most benefit them

Founder of Legalism

Han Feizi, the founder of Legalism, lived from 280-233 BCE, toward the end of the Zhou dynasty.

why did han have peasant respect what did they call him and how long did his dynasty last

He became emperor with the respect of the peasants because, like them, he came from a poor farming family. When he began to govern, he was given the name Gaozu, or "High Ancestor." He began the Han dynasty, which lasted 400 years, ending in 220 CE.

What were Confucius's 5 relationships

He defined five key relationships: ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife, older brother and younger brother, and friend and friend. Of these five relationships, only the relationship between a friend and friend was considered a relationship of equals. Confucius considered the other four to be hierarchical relationships. In a hierarchical relationship, one person has more power than the other, but each person has a distinct role and set of responsibilities.

when and who found the army

In 1974, several farmers digging a well found the Terra Cotta Army in their field. They called in local authorities to examine the pieces they had uncovered. As they dug into this field, the archaeologists uncovered the army.

Who founded Taoism?

Laozi or Lao Tzu he probably lived in China around 500 BCE, slightly before the time of Confucius.

Chinese Art

Pottery & Sculpture Terra Cotta Warriors

What was the Mandate of Heaven?

Mandate of Heaven Heaven chose China's ruler and gave him or her power Everything belonged to the emperor

where is daoism practiced today

Many Chinese people continue to follow Daoism today, especially on the island nation of Taiwan. Daoism has also spread to areas that were once under China's cultural sphere, such as the Korean Peninsula and Vietnam

Who began the Great Wall of China?

Qin Dynasty

Qin Achievements

system of laws, system of money, uniform system of writing

what is the story of laozi

One of the most famous legends is about Laozi leaving China for the West near the beginning of the Warring States period. As he was leaving, the guard of the Xiangu pass that led to the Qin state asked Laozi to write down his teachings so that they would not be lost to the Chinese.

how long did the warriors take to complete

People spent over 40 years to build the Terracotta warriors

Chinese religion

Polytheistic

who were the terracotta warriors built for

Qin Shi Huangdi was the first emperor of china from 221-207 BC. He ordered people to build the Terracotta warriors to protect him in his afterlife.

What is the Dao?

The correct way or path in life), and that people could have peace and experience the Dao if they lived in harmony with and followed the example of nature. Daoists noticed that nature was full of opposites: night and day, winter and summer, and wet and dry. Daoism calls these opposite forces yin, the shadowy force, and yang, the sunlit force. Daoists believe people can find harmony by balancing these opposites.

why was the qin army sucessful in unifying china

Their army was successful due to its iron weapons and horse-led army. In 246 BCE, the Qin gained a king who was only 13 years old. The Warring States period ended in 221 BCE, when the Qin rule all of the northern states, creang China's first empire. Once the empire was established, the king named himself Qin Shi Huangdi, or "The First Emperor of China."

how did legalism believe rulers should behave

Therefore, Han Feizi believed rulers needed to enact strict rules and maintain control by rewarding good behavior and punishing poor behavior. Han Feizi believed rulers needed to have absolute control and be supported by a strong military to maintain power. He also believed rulers should not place their trust in others.

what was the longest ruling dynasty

Zhou

Where did the Mandate of Heaven begin?

Zhou Dynasty to get rid of shang with no concept of heaven

What is a monostary

a religious place where men live together and practice faith this place is where kung-fu was created

when /where did confucious live

a teacher who lived in eastern China from 551 to 479 BCE, during the Warring States period. He lived in the state of Lu, in what is now Shandong province.

how quickly do they put back together the pieces

about at most 1 piece a day

Three Kingdoms Period

after han from 220-280ce

When was the Warring States Period?

after zhou in 475 - 221bc

Tang and Song achievments

artwork, literature, woodblock printing, gunpowder, compass, moveable type, paper money

Han Achievements

artwork, poetry, paper, sundial, seismograph, acupuncture

how did qin break feudilism

taking land from nobles and made them move to capital he also made only army have weapons

why was china the first modern sate

centralized gov. core of beurocrats

what was the north like

cold dry winter hot wet summer

wu di

formed large armies increased taxes confucionism became official religion and founded civil service he improved jobs with benefits and increased importants of education PART OF HAN

Empress Wu

founded her own dynasty ruled as regent in 683 - 690 where she became and empress and then was overthrown in 705

Shi Huangdi

founder of the Qin dynasty Built extensive infrastructure (roads and canals) Irrigation projects Unification and development at the cost of human rights (people were forced to work on public works projects) Great Wall Discouraged attacks Denoted the land of the Qin The empire fell to the Han in 200 BC

what are two major rivers in china

he Huang He River, also called the Yellow River, flows eastward for 2,900 miles and gets its name due to its yellow color from crossing loess (deposits of yellow silt). The river emp"es into the Yellow Sea. The Chang Jiang River, meaning "Long River," is also called the Yangtze and it flows 3,430 miles. The Chang Jiang River originates in Tibet and emp"es into the East China Sea. BOTH HAVE CAUSED TERRIBLE FLOODS

what was the shang dynasty like

it began with tang the successful who ruled over 1,800 villages by the yellow river . During this me, most villagers had chickens and pigs, and used silk worms to make cloth. There were metalworkers who made weapons and tools out of bronze. Buildings were made mostly of wood and mud, but crumbled long ago. Animal bones and shells called oracle bones held the earliest wrings. A diviner was o+en visited by Shang kings. It was believed that this person would help them speak to the gods. They would touch hot metal scks to bones and shells and the king would read the cracks to find the answer.

what were the first written laws by

king zhen

are dragons bad in china

no

what did china invent

paper wood block printing imroved plow noodles from wheat compass

who was the first chinese empire

qin

three paths of fate

represents the Buddha confucius and laozi

what happened right after qin fell

small civil war then the han

how did qin make the dynasty mor eunified

standardized currency, weight units, measurements, and wring across the empire. The wring system helped when it came to recordkeeping and overall communicaon. He improved trade by standardizing coins and the width of roads. He unified people with the harsh policies, such as total control of books used for teaching. At one point he even ordered books about Confucianism to be burned.

what is junzi

superior individuals to be junzi you must also study art

What dynasty adopted Confucianism?

the Han dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) was influenced by the teachings of Confucius. This led them to choose government officials based on their qualifications rather than their connections. Previously, government posts had been awarded to the sons of nobles, to gain the nobles' loyalty. The Han instituted the civil service exam and gave government posts to those with the highest scores. This merit-based system had its roots in Confucianism. Confucian ideals were also taught in schools at every level, so many of those officials who passed the exams were heavily influenced by Confucianism.

how did the relationships in Confucianism work

the person with more power was required to set a good example for the other person and to use his or her power wisely. This person should act fairly and honestly, showing those below him how to behave with integrity. The person with less power was expected to obey and respect the more powerful individual. So a younger brother would obey and respect his older brother. However, if the older brother did not behave with honesty and integrity, he would not be worthy of respect.

why were the chinese the first historuians in a sense

they were first to write history like shu jing

What was the Zhou dynasty like?

they worshiped tian started with king wu Zhou kings created a social structure, which had the kings in the posion on top, followed by noble families, then peasant families. People in each class showed virtue by offering services to other classes. Kings provided land to nobles for military support. This is a polical system of exchange known as feudalism. had the golden age of philosophy around 800 attacked by nomads king killed then nobles grew rich and started the warring kingdom period