Animals of the World Exam 3

Where does the United States rank in numbers of hogs and in the production of pork?

2nd

What are the genus and species of the lamoids and their common names? Alpaca

Alpaca: Lama pacos

T/F When poultry in raised intensively, they are not competitors against humans for food.

False, they are competitors when raised intensively

Which of the top beef-producing countries is an Asian country?

China

Describe the use of horsemeat around the world.

Horse meat is generally only used when there is not a better use for the horse. Production of horsemeat increases when areas go through poor economic times and when they undergo total herd reductions. Horsemeat is used in salvage situations and not as a primary meat.

Where do we typically find hair sheep?

Hot regions where primitive agriculture is practiced.

What is odd about lamoid blood?

More red blood cells per unit volume than other animals.

Why are sheep more productive in temperate zones than tropical zones?

Temperate zones have better climate, which causes them to have a better feed supply.

T/F Chickens outnumber ducks and turkey on a world-wide basis?

True

T/F Poultry are better at converting grain to meat then swine in certain situations? If so, in what situations?

True, when they are raised intensively.

During most of its existence as a domesticated animal, the horse has been associated with what 3 things?

a. It's not a large food species. b. Most horses are owned by recreational owners. c. The horse business is more of a "people business" and, because of this, human values are a large part of it.

For what 2 reasons are sheep not very numerous in the humid tropics?

a. Sheep are not accepting of hot and humid climates. b. Sheep are highly susceptible to parasites.

What are the primary uses of the buffalo?

Work, milk and, just recently, meat.

Does anyone in India eat beef? Explain.

Yes, there are non-Hindus who eat beef. There is also evidence that a portion of the more educated population of Hinduism may be consuming beef.

What is the single most important thing determining where there will be large concentrations of either cattle or sheep?

Whether or not cheap roughage is available.

What are the 5 major cattle owning countries?

a. India b. Brazil c. Asia d. South America e. Africa

What is the conversion ratio of feed to food for the pig?

around 1 pound of meat for 3 pounds of feed.

The lower the level of agricultural development, the __________ important cattle are as a producer of meat, and the ________ important sheep (and goats) become as a source of meat.

less. more.

What type digestive tract does the pig have?

monogastric

The higher the level of agricultural development, the ____________ likely it is that cattle will be kept to produce a single salable product, either meat or milk.

more

The lower the level of agricultural development the ______ favored the goat becomes.

more

T/F: The pig is given a bum reputation with regard to the "unclean" issues.

true

What is the primary use of intensively raised sheep flocks?

meat

Where does the horse rank in numbers as an agricultural animal?

6th

Approximately how long was the horse used on a sizable scale in agriculture?

250

Where do swine rank in numbers of animals and distribution?

3rd

What reason seems most likely to explain why Africa and Asia produce less beef from their cattle than the U.S.?

Africa and Asia do not have the resources nor the breeds needed to produce a yield close to that of the US.

What country ranks first in numbers of hogs and in the production of pork?

Asia

What are the 3 major species used in the range livestock industry?

Beef Cattle, Goats and Sheep.

What South American country is developing the water buffalo for meat?

Brazil

How can I make a camel be a good plow animal?

By pairing it with an ox or donkey.

How do the uses of the horse compare between developed and developing countries?

Developed areas: entertainment. Developing areas: physical work and transportation.

What are the genus and species of the lamoids and their common names? Guanico

Guanico: Lama quanacoe

What are the advantages of the yakow over a full-blooded yak?

Does better in lower altitudes and warmer temperatures.

What other poultry animal eggs do humans consume?

Duck and turkey.

Which one of the bird eggs (duck or turkey) are consumed more?

Duck eggs

_____ management is when many animals are used for work but not many people.

Extensive

Why is the goat such an important resource in developing countries?

Goats are able to create food for their owners under the stress of unfavorable conditions.

What is unique about milk consumption/production in China?

Historically, China has ranked low in dairy cow population and milk production. Recently this has changed, a taste for beef has acquired by modern Chinese.

What are the uses of the horse in the world today?

In developed areas, the horse has become more of a recreational and sport animal. In developing areas horses are used as a form of transportation and hard labor.

What major product do dairy cattle produce other than milk in developed agriculture operations?

In salvage situations dairy cows will be used for meat.

What country ranks first in numbers of water buffalo?

India

Which religions forbid consumption of pig meat?

Islam & Judaism

Why is the pig so popular in North America?

It is able to adapt to a wide range of areas and conditions.

What is mechanization doing to the camel?

It's reducing the use of camels.

What European country has a small water buffalo industry? What do they use the milk for?

Italy, to make cheese.

What are the genus and species of the lamoids and their common names? Llama

Llama: Lama glama

How often is the yak sheared and/or plucked?

Once a year

Describe the conditions under which a horse would be chosen over a buffalo.

People in underdeveloped areas choose the horse when they are looking for agility and speed.

Why is the pig so popular in Europe?

Pigs are the most efficient at producing red meat.

What is the most important deciding factor in the choice of animal species in a developed agriculture?

Profit

Give one good reason why sheep numbers are decreasing in the Americas.

The Americas are raising more cattle than sheep due to the profits being generally better.

What is the most important factor in determining where dairies are in a developed agriculture?

The distance from the location of milk markets.

What is the major difference in swine production in the different levels of agricultural development?

The feed given to the pigs.

What is the primary factor causing changes in the number of goats in the world?

The growing populations in both Africa and Asia.

What scenario causes more dual purpose cattle to be used in a subsistence agriculture than triple purpose?

The more developed a country's agriculture, the more likely there is to be more dual purpose animals than triple purpose.

How are developed agriculture, specialized cattle production, and profit linked?

The more developed a country's agriculture, the more likely it is for the country to be highly specialized, which makes higher profit easier.

Why are triple purpose sheep important in subsistence agriculture?

The owner is concerned about producing enough for him and his family, not in producing product for sale. With a triple purpose sheep, the owner gets meat, work and milk.

Who are the people who usually eat duck eggs?

The people who produce them are the people who primarily utilize duck eggs.

What has been happening to the world's pig meat production?

The world pig meat production was in a constant increase between the years of 2005 and 2010.

Make a general statement about the world-wide growth rate of sheep.

The world-wide yearly growth rate of sheep averages lass than 1 percent.

What is the primary reason why swine are kept in North America?

Their ability to convert inedible material into food capable of being consumed by humans.

How is the small size of sheep and goats an advantage?

Their small size needs less land to maintain it.

What is the primary reason why swine are kept in Asia?

There are two reasons why swine are kept in Asia: concentrated feed and the dairy industry.

Why are we able to say that goats and sheep are not competitors with people for food?

They are able to eat food that humans cannot.

What do cattle, sheep and goats have in common relative to their digestive systems? What are the implications of this relative to the feed they need to consume?

They are all ruminant animals. They eat forages and do not require large amounts of concentrate feeds.

Most of the goats of the world are found in the developing countries, but they are still of great importance because _________________.

They are capable of providing their owners food under unfavorable conditions.

What are the implications of the pig's digestive tract in determining which niche they occupy in agriculture.

They are monogastric and omnivorous.

Why are indicus often the predominate species used in hot and humid climates?

They are more adapted to hot and humid climate conditions.

How are sheep used in primitive agriculture?

They are valued more for food than anything else.

Why are pigs so important in developing countries?

They produce a very valuable fat and their carcasses can be preserved for with salt or brine for long periods of time.

What is the significance of the fact that the horse has a developed cecum?

This allows the horse to adapt to place similar to ruminant animals. Horses are capable of utilizing complex carbohydrates similar to ruminant animals.

When poultry if fed mainly human's waste, what kind of issues in production does this cause?

This cause the kitchen to produce substantially fewer eggs and results in poultry growing slower.

Why are range beef herds managed extensively?

To increase profit and reduce labor costs.

In a developed agriculture, what is sheep milk used for?

Valuable cheeses

What are the genus and species of the lamoids and their common names? Vicuna

Vicuna: Vicugna vicugna

Although the water buffalo is primarily found in hot, humid areas, it is not very heat tolerant. Why?

Water buffalo don't have many sweat glans.

Describe how the horse evolved as a pleasure animal in the USA.

When the US stared using coal as an energy source and fossil fuels, the need for physical labor from horses was no more.

How much yak milk is produced each year by the average yak cow? What are its characteristics?

a. 100 gallons per cow b. 5-8% fat content and makes great cheese and butter.

If both cattle and sheep are equally well adapted, cattle are usually chosen. Name the primary two reasons this is true.

a. Cattle can be used for hard labor and food. b. Cattle do not require a large amount of maintenance.

Describe the advantages the buffalo has over cattle in working rice fields.

a. Cattle fall victim to foot rot easier than buffalo and in rice fields they must talk in and mud and water. b. Buffalo are capable of operating in the low quality, harsh roughages found in rice fields.

What are the top 5 cows' milk producing countries? What are the top 5 countries in milk cows? Why don't those lists match?

a. Europe, Asia, Northern America, South America, and Africa. b. India, Brazil, Sudan, China and Pakistan. c. The countries who produce a higher milk yield, usually have a more developed agriculture than lower yield producing countries. Also, milk is not the number one concern for people in subsistence and primitive agriculture.

Compare and contrast how goats are used in the 3 types of agricultures.

a. Compare: In primitive, subsistence and developed agriculture, goats are used when the conditions are not suitable for cattle or sheep. b. Contrast: Primitive and subsistence agriculture utilize goats more than developed agriculture does. Developed agriculture focuses more on cattle and sheep than goats.

Compare and contrast the characteristics of the Dromedary and the Bactrian camel.

a. Compare: Long necks, no antlers or any kind of horns and small heads. b. Contrast: The Bactrian has two humps while the Dromedary has one hump. The Bactrian is more adapted to cold while the Dromedary is more adapted to heat.

Generally speaking, under what 3 conditions are sheep better adapted than cattle?

a. Dry climates. b. Areas of high altitudes. c. Areas that have low growing grasses. (Grasses that grow close to the ground.)

What is the difference in the products from sheep in wet range compared to dry range?

a. Dry range: The primary production goal is producing a high enough percentage of lambs fat enough to slaughter. Wool production is considered a by-product. b. Wet range: Wet range produces enough forage to have fat lambs for slaughter, so they do not focus on it; instead they use dual-purpose sheep.

What are the genus and species (both of them) of cattle?

a. Genus: Bos b. Species: taurus & indicus

Where is the yak found? What does it do?

a. Himalayan Mountains of central Asia. b. It is mostly used as a pack animals and sometimes ridden.

Generally speaking, under 2 conditions cattle are better adapted than sheep. What are these?

a. Hot and humid climates. b. When there is a high predator rate.

What makes ranching a particularly good choice for beef or sheep production?

a. If the land cannot be farmed for profit. b. The area of land is not able to sustain a high carrying capacity per acre. c. Extensive management can be used to help lower labor costs.

Why is it that the camel can go so long without water?

a. Oval red blood cells b. The fat and lean tissue in their hump(s). c. The groove in nostril that goes into the split lip, causing moisture lost from to nose to o into the mouth. d. Doesn't sweat all it's water like other animals, instead hold it in tissues and cells. e. Gives off heat stored up during the day at night so it's body temperature will start out low in the morning.

When goats are produced in the developed countries, it is usually always in an area suited only for goats, usually because ______ & ______.

a. The area is to dry to be able to raise cattle and sheep. b. People in the area desire milk but cannot maintain cows because the land is to steep.

Compare the ass and horse, horse and mule, ass and mule.(How one is better than the other)

a. The ass is much more tolerant of heat but can not do as much physical labor as the horse. b. The mule is more likely to be chosen than the horse in hot, highly developed areas. c. The mule is more likely to be chosen than the ass in hot, highly developed areas.

Which country has the most horses? Mules? Asses?

a. USA b. Mexico c. China

What percent the total world's meat production do cattle produce?

about 23%

If all factors are equally favorable for both sheep can cattle, which is generally chosen?

cattle

What is the most wide spread and numerous of all the non-poultry species.

cattle

The _____ instinct keeps the sheep in one group. They stay close together no matter what so this makes it easier for owners with the help of a sheep dog or two to move large groups of sheep.

herding/flocking

How many cattle are there in the world?

over 1.4 billion

The water buffalo is found primarily in hot, wet areas with subsistence or primitive levels of agriculture, especially associated with _____ production.

rice