ANTH 411

_________ status is one that you earn through your accomplishments, whereas _________ status is something that a person is born into and usually cannot change.

Achieved/Ascribed

According to Roscoe's descriptions and examples, which of the following is NOT one of the roles two-spirits could perform in their communities?

tribal elder

In the article "Body Ritual Among the Nacirema," the author makes some of the most boring of daily activities appear foreign and bizarre. He does this by presenting the Nacirema culture from an emic perspective.

False

In the film Gender Revolution, it was clear that performing surgeries to "fix" intersex babies was an option that most of the intersex people Katie Couric interviewed or researched would agree was a good choice.

False

Most women who are part of polyandrous marriages in Tibet report disliking having multiple husbands, and wish instead that they had monogamous marriages.

False

The rule of Hypodescent in the United States holds that someone's racial identity can be considered Black or African American only if they have at least five African American ancestors.

False

Through her research, Tanya Rodriguez was able to establish that Spam is most commonly eaten among the millennial generation in the United States.

False

True or false, in the United States, we have a unilineal understanding of descent?

False

True or false, in today's world all large-scale societies have market economies that are characterized by highly personal relationships of production, distribution, and exchange.

False

True or false, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states that a person's language has little impact on how they view the world and their lived reality.

False

True or false, the one positive feature of the shift to agriculture, according to Jared Diamond, is that communities shifted from a dependence on seasonal and weather-influenced foraging practices, to a reliance on a stable, singular crop—like rice or wheat.

False

Read carefully through the paragraph below and decide which of the options (A-D) is best so that the statement is as accurate as possible: Here's what Ben has to say about his friend Andy: "My best friend Andy and I have always been close. We were inseparable all throughout grade school and high school; we were each other's best men in our weddings, and today our families live just down the street from the other. In fact, my kids call Andy 'uncle Andy' and Andy's kids call me 'uncle Ben.' I'm closer to Andy than I am to my biological brother." How would you characterize Ben and Andy's relationship?

Fictive Kin

Read the following situation and decide which option (A-D) best describes what is going on: When I got married six years ago, I bought all my bridesmaids (my sister and my cousin) their bridesmaids dresses. When my sister got married two years ago, she bought my bridesmaid dress for me in return. And just this past spring break, I went to try on dresses so that my cousin could buy my dress for her wedding which will take place this August in Wisconsin.

Generalized reciprocity

Forensic anthropologist Dr. Freddy Peccerelli combines archaeological research, DNA analysis, and community outreach to bring closure—and justice—to the families of those who "disappeared" during the decades-long conflict in what country?

Guatemala

Men who dress as women in India, but whose gender role is unique, is called a:

Hijra

___________ refers to the many complex ways that an individual may define themselves.

Identity

Anthropologists studying gender cross-culturally have documented what interesting feature among some Native American groups such as the Cheyenne, Kaska, Klamath, and Mohave?

In addition to male/female genders, they recognize a third gender in which a person who is biologically male or female takes on the social roles and behaviors of the opposite gender.

In the reading How Many Fathers Are Best?, the author argues what?

In some societies, it is beneficial for mother and child to have more than one man helping to support them

In today's highly technologized world of emails, texts, tweets, and posts, it is often difficult to understand from words alone how someone is feeling, or what the tone of their message is. Thankfully, we have new innovations (like emojis) and old ones (like punctuation marks) to help us convey the tone of our messages. These optional language features help to convey meaning and would be considered part of our:

paralanguage

Choose the best pair of vocabulary words to fill in the blanks below. A ____________ is a makeshift language that arises when two groups speaking mutually unintelligible languages come into contact, whereas a _____________ is a full-fledged, grammatically complex language that has native speakers and arises from the combination of two or more parent languages.

pidgin/creole

_________________ refers to the belief in multiple gods, while ______________ describes religions that center around one deity.

polytheism/monotheism

A __________ is a religious practitioner who is part of an organized religion, has formalized training in religious doctrine, but who cannot communicate directly with the supernatural. A _________ is a person who has received divine revelation from a supernatural, but often comes from humble roots.

priest/prophet

Read the following situation and decide which option (A-D) best describes what is going on: At least six days a week, Marieka's preferred breakfast is spam, eggs, and bacon. However, when Marieka's mom calls to ask if she's been eating healthfully, she reports that most days she goes to the Juicery for an açaí bowl, which she knows her mom believes to be the healthiest of breakfast choices. This situation exemplifies what aspect of human behavior that fieldwork can help to illuminate?

real vs. ideal behavior

Dr. Sarah Parcak uses what unique tool to help her uncover potential archaeological sites around the world?

satellite imagery

n the Life and Times of Magda A, Magda and the authors highlight a theme that runs through the various stages of Magda's life. What is the most common thread?

sexual violence

A method used by horticulturalists when they rotate the use of fields—planting crops on a particular piece of land for a period of time, then letting it go fallow as they move on and begin planting again in a different area—is called:

shifting cultivation

When Dwight is at school, he typically refers to himself as an engineering major, first generation student, and straight male. However, when he is with his co-workers at the factory, he refers to himself as a middle-class, hard-working, football-loving guy. Dwight's shift in identities based on his social context is an example of:

situational negotiation of identity

A person's ___________ refers to their social position within a group, whereas a person's __________ refers to the part they are expected to play by society.

status; role

The realities of Magda's life—things like sexual violence, poverty, political instability, migration and movement, and a lack of access to quality health care—are together a good example of the power of __________ to shape her health and life course.

structural violence

A type of quantitative ethnographic fieldwork collection technique is:

surveys

In this phase of archaeological research, all the data that has been collected is given a cultural interpretation.

synthesis and publication

In class, we saw a clip from the TV show Friends. The different styles of communication shown in the conversations of the characters varied by gender. What area of study in linguistics would look at gendered differences in language and communication?

Socio-linguistics

Read carefully through the paragraph below and decide which of the options (A-D) is best so that the statement is as accurate as possible: Throughout human history, scholars have noted that when agricultural societies adopt foraging practices, various negative consequences initially transpire. These include a decrease in dental health, a decrease in overall nutrition due to a less diverse diet, and an increase in the rate and spread of infectious disease.

Switch "agricultural" with "foraging"

Which of the following types of marriage is established based on love rather than strict social obligations?

companionate

Read the following situation and decide which term (A-D) best describes the situation: Ralph feels closer to his uncle Mac (his father's brother) than he does to his uncle Mike (his mother's sister's husband), probably because Americans put primacy on the blood connection. In Ralph's case, uncle Mac would be considered his _________ kin, whereas uncle Mike would be considered his __________ kin.

consanguineal, affineal

In the Bud Light Superbowl commercial shown in class, what kind of magic was depicted? (hint: the clip showed a football fan collecting socks and grass and hair from the stadium before bringing those objects to Stevie Wonder to make a voodoo doll).

contagious and sympathetic magic

Which of the following is considered a type of magic that involves performances that imitate the desired result, such as manipulating a voodoo doll?

imitative/sympathetic magic

Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural policies and systems is known as:

institutional racism

The bombing of Pearl Harbor is an incredibly important event in United States history because it marked the American entrance into World War II. However, this event was also incredibly important for other reasons as well. Choose all that apply below:

it marked an influx of some 250,000 American troops in Hawaii it marked the irreversible presence of the military presence in Hawaii, and especially the takeover of certain sacred islands for weapons testing it marked the date when Hawaiians became outnumbered by Americans

Anthropologists refer to the smallest parts of words that can be put together to form more complex words as:

morphemes

Biomedicine could also be considered a form of ethnomedicine.

True

The process by which children are taught their culture is called

enculturation

Read carefully through the paragraph below and decide which of the options (a-d) is best so that the statement is an accurate description of "dowry:" Dowry is a payment of material goods and money from the groom's family to that of the prospective bride's upon marriage. In cultures that practice dowry, the status of women is often lower, as women are seen as a burden to a family, and as someone who needs to be taken care of.

"bride's" and "groom's" should be switched around

Read the following situation and decide which term (A-D) best describes the situation: This famous scholar has done extensive research into the mechanics of how our body language can impact our brains. They have found that when a person stands in a high power pose for at least two minutes, testosterone levels will rise and cortisone levels will fall, leading to a subsequent feeling of confidence. Conversely, this work has shown that lower power poses result in an increase of stress hormones, causing a person to feel weak and inferior.

Amy Cuddy

In the documentary Gender Revolution, we learn about Brian who was born intersex and then doctors incorrectly assigned him as female. Brian's condition is known as:

Congenital Adrenal Hypoplasia

In the article "Tricking and Tripping," Sterk talks about her own internal struggles in working with prostitutes in NYC. In particular, she often felt that it was emotionally and physically jarring to leave her study subjects out in the elements to return to her nice warm house. This would be an example of:

Culture Shock

Which of the following statements is false?

Culture commonly emerges out of the blue and remains fixed over time (it's static).

The main ethical code that all American anthropologists must follow is:

Do no harm to your study population

Anthropologists argue that each culture should be seen as a monolithic whole, with little variation or diversity within it.

False

Kinesics, or body language, are universally shared among humans. Thus, if you go to another country and wink at someone, it will always mean the same thing as it does here in the States.

False Kinesics are highly variable by culture and thus a wink in one place might have a very different meaning than in another place.

In the film clips from "The Story of God" with Morgan Freeman, we learned about the new field of neurotheology, which studies the impact of meditation, prayer, and religious worship on the human brain. What were the results of Morgan Freeman's CAT scan when he was meditating on religion?

Freeman's frontal lobes were more activated

What is one way in which market exchange is different from other forms of distribution—like reciprocity and redistribution?

It is highly informal and driven by supply and demand

Which of the following anthropologists studied the reasons why Tibetan communities practice fraternal polyandry in parts of the Himalayas?

Melvyn Goldstein

__________ pastoralism is characterized by the entire community moving with the herd, whereas ___________ pastoralism is characterized by only segments of the population moving with the head and the rest of the population staying put.

Nomadic; transhumance

When thinking about Gerald Murray's applied project in Haiti, what is one reason it was so successful?

The Haitian government had nothing to do with the funding or implementation of the project.

According to Bodley, why is the use of a "standard of living" measurement a problematic way of evaluating progress or cultural change?

The standards are irrelevant and unattainable for many autonomous indigenous cultures

How is the study of anthropology useful?

The study of anthropology gives us a better understanding of humankind and teaches us to be culturally sensitive.

A sworn virgin is:

a woman in Albanian society who would take an oath of celibacy and become, in the eyes of society, a man.

The tendency to see one's own culture as natural or superior is called:

ethnocentrism

One source of qualitative data anthropologists draw upon are:

interviews

_________ involves all of the nonverbal gestures, facial expressions and body language used by someone to communicate.

kinesics

This type of economy is not driven by profit, but rather by the goal of gathering and storing enough food usually for at least a day and perhaps a season. Most people who work together in this type of economy live in the same community and may even be related.

non-market

real vs. ideal behavior

qualitative and quantitative data

The theory of evolution that justified the presence of social classes and social hierarchy because of genetic or biological reasons is called:

social darwinism

If your personal identity does not correspond with the gender assigned to you at birth, this is called:

transgender

Match the following aspect of culture change and globalization on the left with its description on the right.

"standard of living" - Mainly quantitative, Western-centric measure of culture change and progress, including standards like: per capital income, literacy rates, employment rates, access to medical care, etc. "quality of life" - An open- ended, qualitative measurement of the impact of culture change and progress. Asks culturally specific questions as to whether or not a given community is able to meet its most basic economic, social, and cultural needs. glocalization - aspect of globalization where a non-local idea, product, or practice, is altered so that it becomes more "locally palatable." A good example of this would be the ways in which McDonalds adapts their menu to fit local tastes around the world. syncretism - Feature of globalization and culture change when two different cultural belief systems, ideas, or practices meet and combine into a new -harmonious- whole. Anthropologists often use religious beliefs and practices as an example of this.

What is polygyny?

A situation in which a man has more than one wife at the same time

Anthropology is a holistic science, which means:

All of these answers We study both the biological and cultural aspects of humanity We study people everywhere that they live We study people in the past and present

For Week 6, you watched a TEDTalk called "Power Posing" in which you learned about how body language can impact our emotions and how we feel about ourselves. This talk was given by _____________.

Amy Cuddy

Read the following situation and decide which term (A-D) best describes the situation: Many Native American cultures believe that humans are an inseparable part of the natural and supernatural world. Most inanimate things are thought to contain human-like spirits, such as trees, rocks, and rivers. Animals are also considered to have spiritual dimensions and thus when an animal is killed, offerings of gratitude are made to appease the animal's spirit.

Animism

What two different concepts does the following situation best exemplify? John and Mary had their first daughter in a local hospital, where the doctor confidently announced, "It's a girl!" They spent the next couple of days in the hospital, counting her fingers and toes, and making sure she had all of the right "parts." All seemed well until their daughter began to grow older, and it was clear that she did not identify with being a girl. It was clear that she was most comfortable, most "herself," when she dressed in boy's clothing, went by a more masculine name, and had her hair cut short.

Assigning one's sex vs. identifying with a particular gender

In the film about Doing Anthropology shown in class, the three MIT anthropologists discuss what aspect of their work as anthropologists?

B. The importance of combining participant observation with interviews as part of their research.

In Baseball Magic, George Gmelch describes pitching and hitting as the activities associated with the most superstition and taboo. Why?

Because pitching and hitting are the least predictable parts of the game.

In "Tricking and Tripping," Claire Sterk had to deal with multiple ethical challenges during her fieldwork with. Which of the following is NOT one of the issues she faced?

Being asked by the police and local community groups to pass on insider knowledge or intelligence about drug deals or crack houses.

The placebo effect can be described as:

Belief in treatment efficacy

Read the following situation and decide which term (a-d) best describes the situation: Bruce and Carina had never met, but their wedding day was arriving soon. One year ago, their families had met to arrange their marriage, and since then, the two families had been busily planning the wedding celebration. One of the biggest expenses for Bruce's family was the gifts and money that they were to give to Carina's family in exchange for her hand in marriage. Women in their culture are thought of highly, and are valued not only for their reproductive potential, but for the responsibilities they shoulder in the household.

Bride price

Match the following anthropologists on the left with the concept, idea, or culture they are well known for.

Bronislaw Malinowski - Long-term fieldwork where the native's point of view is gained by living among the people, learning their language, and taking part in their daily lives. Gerald Murray - Knowledge of the culture and economy of rural Haitian peasants was used to design and implement as successful reforestation program. Dr. Paul Farmer - Brings medical care and cheap drugs to underserved parts of the world where people regularly die of treatable diseases. Richard Lee - Built trusting relationships with his informants despite having to refrain from sharing his modern goods with them; subsequently learned an important lesson about !Kung life when trying to give them a gift.

Match each of the theoretical orientations on the right with the most appropriate key figure on the left.

Charles Darwin - the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. Horace Miner - Took an etic perspective to make the familiar strange. Louis Henry Morgan - the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Franz Boas - look for the particulars of a culture to understand its development and contemporary characteristics.

Read the following situation and decide which term (A-D) best describes the situation: After a twenty-four-hour plane ride from Iraq, Mahmood Abbas and his family landed in Manchester, NH. When they stepped out of the terminal, everything hit them at once. Instead of Arabic, English was being spoken everywhere, it was snowing, and the cars were driving on the wrong side of the road. No other women besides Mahmood's wife were wearing head scarves, and many even were wearing skirts up to their knees with high heels. The Abbas family felt as if they had landed on another planet. They were experiencing:

Culture shock

According to Jared Diamond, which of the following effects did the shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture bring?

Decreased average height

According to Bodley's article, what question do studies interested in measuring changes in "quality of life" ask?

Does progress/economic development increase or decrease a given culture's ability to satisfy the physical and psychological needs of its population?

Clans that do not permit marriages within the group are considered:

Exogamous

Corporate anthropology was used to discover that many people who consume Spam today do so primarily because it is cheap and has a long shelf life.

False

Ethnic groups are always minority groups within a country or population.

False

Gender variance beyond the binary categories are new ideas that have only recently emerged in Western cultures only.

False

How does anthropology differ from other disciplines concerned with humans?

It is holistic and comparative, both geographically and historically.

Please match the following theorist to their explanations about the purpose of religion in people's lives.

Karl Marx - Religion is a tool of the elite that is wielded to keep the working poor from questioning the status quo in society--it is an "opiate of the masses." Clifford Geertz - Religion is a place where important ideals and beliefs of a society are symbolically reflected. Bronislaw Malinowski - Religious beliefs and practices serve to calm people's anxiety and uncertainty over things they have no control over. Emile Durkheim - Religion brings people together, and serves to create a sense of shared community and belonging.

In studying the use of silence among the Western Apache, the anthropologist noted that there was one commonality underlying all six situations:

Keeping silent was a way to deal with uncertainty and unpredictability in a temporarily ambiguous relationship

Read carefully through the paragraph below and decide which of the options (A-D) is best so that the statement is as accurate as possible: Foraging societies such as the San Bushmen typically live in small communities that are highly nomadic and often experience food shortages. Their egalitarian society is maintained by encouraging gift-giving so that no one person accumulates too much personal wealth or status than anyone else.

Often should be replaced with rarely

Many bar fights are probably escalated by the fact that Americans tend to get vocal during confrontation. What would happen during a bar fight in Western Apache territory?

One party might cuss out the other, but that other person would stay silent or leave so as to de-escalate the situation

Please match the following terms related to our discussions of ethnicity to the most applicable example:

Origin Myths - The story of Pilgrims arriving in America on the Mayflower, and the first Thanksgiving. Ethnic Symbols - The huipil, a beautifully embroidered shirt commonly worn by certain groups in Mexico. Symbolic Ethnicity - Seen on St. Patrick's Day--a "Kiss me, I'm Irish!" t-shirt. Ethnogenesis - As a Mixtec immigrant from Oaxaca, Mexico spends more and more time living in the U.S., she begins to identify more and more closely with the label of Latinx.

Read the following sentence and decide which option (a-d) makes the sentence most accurate: Racial groups are often assigned to groups of people and are narrowly defined; whereas ethnic groups are often self-defined and managed, and more holistically defined.

Passage is correct as is; no changes needed

Using the new field of "space archaeology", researchers like __________ are uncovering archaeological sites invisible from the surface using satellite imagery.

Sarah Parcak

In the article "How Did Jews Become White Folks," the author argues that Jewish immigrants became labeled as white over time. How did this population do this?

They took advantage of economic opportunities and became middle class Earlier, very popular anti-Semitic stereotypes and prejudices were no longer the majority opinion in the United States or around the world. They took advantage of post WWII educational opportunities All of these answers

Match each of the sub-fields of anthropology on the right with the most accurate description:

This field relies on artifacts to learn about human behavior in the past. - archaeological anthropology This field of anthropology studies how languages change over time and how they are related. - linguistic anthropology This field uses techniques like ethnographic fieldwork and participant observation to study the culture of living people. - cultural anthropology This field of anthropology studies human evolution and biological variation. - physical/biological anthropology

"We" cultures preference tradition and the family while "me" cultures are individualistic and focus on personal achievements.

True

Among the Barí, the optimal number of "secondary fathers" is one, in addition to the woman's husband.

True

Brodkin's essay about how Jews became reclassified as whites after World War II supports the idea that the racial category of "whiteness" should be unpacked, recognized, and analysed like any other racial category.

True

Identity can be something assigned to you, or something you choose for yourself.

True

In the archaeology activity, you learned that excavating methodically is important to recover artifacts in situ, meaning in the exact location in which they were deposited.

True

In the film Planet Money Makes a T-Shirt, we see that the t-shirt begins production in a developed nation, before traveling to one or more underdeveloped nations, and then being sold in a developed nation.

True

In the past, doctors would often choose which gender would be assigned an intersex infant based on the shape and size of their genitals.

True

Many more parents are choosing to allow their intersex children to make their own choice about gender as they grow and learn about their gender identities.

True

Richard Lee's experience with the Christmas ox showed that he had been accepted by !Kung society -- they treated him no differently than they would any other hunter who brought home a large kill.

True

Susto, of soul loss, is a good example of an emotionalistic ethno-etiology.

True

Tanya Rodriguez was successful as an anthropologist because she embedded herself into people's lives and kitchens to understand why they eat what they eat.

True

The !Kung San people depend on relentless teasing and insults to instill humility and maintain a sense of equality and egalitarianism in their community.

True

The different segments and agents participating in market-based economies typically are far more removed from one another than in non-market economies.

True

There are some societies that do not benefit from so-called progress and in fact, often suffer greatly because of progress imposed on them by more powerful societies.

True

While some diseases are deadly, around 90% of all the ailments we'll endure in our lifestyles are self-correcting.

True

Within every culture, there are subcultures that have their own norms, assumptions, and practices—and possibly even their own languages and belief systems.

True

Countries like the United States are characterized as "me" cultures, meaning what?

We are taught to be independent and are driven by our accomplishments

When Bronislaw Malinowski lived among the Trobriand Islanders he brought his scientific background with him, but he found that many of the Islanders commonly used elements of magic in their daily lives. Which of the following describes the most common situation in which magic was evoked for the Islanders?

When fishermen would venture out into the dangerous open ocean

What is ethnography?

all of these answers The process of studying people by engaging in "deep hanging out" The end result of fieldwork—can be a written work, or can also incorporate alternative formats like audio and video recordings and photography. Includes information from all aspects of fieldwork—entering the field, methodologies, data collected, ethical or moral questions raised.

The NPR video clip "Planet Money Makes a T-Shirt" was a great example of what economic process?

all of these answers the fact that objects can also have a "social life" if you look hard enough a commodity chain at work the relationship between the core and the periphery

Read the following situation and decide which term (A-D) best describes the situation: In the movie Star Wars, most characters believe in "The Force," an impersonal, unseen energy that underlies the world. The Force can be tapped into by certain people who have a particular ability, and it can be used for good or evil. This type of belief system would be referred to as:

animatism

Anthropologists who apply their knowledge, skills, methods, access, and experience to help solve pressing human issues are called:

applied anthropologists

Match the following type of applied anthropology on the left to the best description on the right.

applying skeletal analysis and techniques in archaeology to solving criminal cases - Forensic anthropology applying anthropological theories and practices to the needs of private sector organizations, especially industrial firms - corporate anthropology deals with intervention, prevention, and policy issues and analyses the socioeconomic forces and power differentials that influence access to care - applied medical anthropology surveying and exacavating a site that has been marked for construction or renovation--often within a very short time frame - contract archaeology

Read the following situation and decide which option (A-D) best describes what is going on: My neighbor Sally makes the best apple pie in the world and bakes one almost every Sunday morning. On the other hand, my husband makes the worst beef stew in the world on Sunday afternoon, in preparation for Sunday night football. For some reason, Sally really likes my husband's beef stew, so usually I take a serving of beef stew over to Sally's in exchange for a piece of her delicious pie!

balanced reciprocity

Children learn paralanguage primarily:

by observing and imitating everyone around them Children aren't called sponges for no reason! They take in everything around them and learn not only spoken and written language, but also their culture's paralanguage.

Most animal communication systems are , meaning there is little room for innovation. Whereas human communication systems are , allowing for lots of flexibility.

closed open

Franz Boas wrote that the only way we can learn about other cultures is to remove "the shackles of our own traditions." With this statement, he was inferring that we should not judge another culture based on our own standards, but by the standards of that culture. This stance is known as:

cultural relativism

Read the following situation and decide which option (A-D) best describes what is going on: "I just don't understand why any woman would agree with or support the idea of female genital modification—of whatever kind, I don't even want to hear any more about it," said Maureen. "The practice is barbaric, and not to mention it's often dangerous to the health of the woman!" Her friend Fred just looked at her, and responded, "I know it's hard to really wrap your mind around, but it might be easier to understand if you took the time to listen to why the practice still exists based on the explanations given by the people from within that culture." "Some parts of our culture are just as odd, no? Just think of all of the things that probably seem strange to outsiders about our own culture—what about plastic surgery, tanning, wearing makeup, etc.?" he finished. Fred is advocating that Maureen practice:

cultural relativism

Groups of people sharing a common background, language, religion, historical experience, descent, or geography are often referred to as:

ethnic groups

The placement of an "NL" sticker on my car bumper or laptop to represent my Dutch heritage is an example of:

ethnic symbol

This term refers to a particular culture's way of explaining how we get sick, why we get sick, and how we can get better.

ethno-etiology

Read the following situation and decide which option (A-D) best describes what is going on: Dan routinely went to the farmer's market every Saturday morning during the summer. This summer, he frequently saw African refugees shopping at the fruit and vegetable stalls. "Wow," he thought to himself, "they look so strange, and the women are covered head to foot in long dresses and head scarves. Don't they know that it is summer time, that it is too hot to wear so many clothes, and that they look funny? Don't they want to look more American? Why wouldn't everyone want to blend in better when they live here, and look more normal, more like us?" Dan was experiencing:

ethnocentrism

Archaeological field survey involves

walking and looking for artifacts.

One's gender identity refers to

your psychological sense of yourself related to your gender