Anthropology Exam 2 review

Researchers at Gombe, Tanzania, have found that chimpanzees annually kill what percentage of red colobus monkeys within their habitat?​

20

Approximately how many years of evolutionary history are shared by Old World monkeys and apes, including humans?

40 million years

Which scientist developed the Systema Naturae

Carolus Linnaeus

All primates are classified as endangered today. (T/F)

False

All primates have single births. (T/F)

False

Cladogenesis is a sustained directional shift in a populations gene pool. (T/F)

False

Genes are particulate, meaning that they are separate structures rather than portions of DNA. (T/F)

False

In sickle-cell anemia, the individual does not produce any red blood cells. (T/F)

False

Speciation always occurs quite rapidly (T/F)

False

Taxonomy is an ancient form of classification created by Linnaeus that is no longer used today. (T/F)​

False

The only source of new genetic material is random drift. (T/F)

False

Why does a bulky body tend to conserve more heat than a slender one?

It had less surface area relative to volume

Which of the following best describes a karyotype?

It is the array of chromosomes found within a single cell

Which of the following best describes gorillas?

They are the largest ape, knuckle-walkers, vegetarians, and big "bluffers"

Among all African apes, as with humans, there is no fixed breeding season.

True

Chimpanzee females hunt. (T/F)

True

Chimpanzees throw objects as weapons. (T/F)

True

Humans are primates. (T/F)

True

Mendel published his findings in a respectable scientific journal, but no one understood their significance until after his death. (T/F)

True

Object placement is considered a form of visual communication. (T/F)

True

The complete sequence of human DNA is called the genome. (T/F)

True

There are dominance hierarchies among chimpanzees. (T/F)

True

Tree-living primates have an acute sense of touch. (T/F)

True

Uniformitarianiams is a more recent theory than catastrophism. (T/F)

True

Adaptation can best be described as

a series of beneficial adjustments to the environment

Which of the following statements about primate populations is correct?​

all of the great apes are endangered today

A sustained directional shift in a population's average characteristics is called:​

anagenesis

In the "Original Study," you read about a surprising characteristic associated with some male orangutans. What was it?​

arrested physical development

Which of the following is more arboreal?

baboons

Invoking natural events, such as the great flood in the Book of Genesis, to account for species disappearance is an example of:​

catastrophism

Which is the only animal group to use mediators in conflict resolution?​

chimpanzees

How do anthropologists classify the Nez Perce story about Coyote and Wishpoosh?​

creation myth

Among wild bonobos, hunting is primarily carries out by

females

Each of the following commonly affects mutation rates except:

fitness

Founder effects is a type of:

genetic drift

Because type O blood is codominant, a woman with type O blood knows that OO is her:​

genotype

Which of the following is the primary source of primate endangerment today?​

habitat destruction

The comparison of the anatomical structures of a human arm to the wing of a bat is an example of:​

homology

What did the field studies of Japanese primatologist Kinji Imanishi reveal about bonobos?​

importance of social cooperation

All of the following are potential are potential benefits that chimpanzees obtain from hunting except:

increased use of tools and development of new technology

All of the following are true of evolution except:

it emphasizes human uniqueness and human origin

The primary form of locomotion found among African apes is:

knuckle - walking

Scientists have found that carrying sickle-cell anemia (meaning, one is heterozygous) protects an individual from:​

malaria

Chimpanzee hunts are often characterized by

male-female involvement and teamwork

Primate behavioral patterns derive from.

mammalian primate biology

Of the following, which is the widest (most broad and inclusive) taxonomic category?​

phylum

Linnaeus noted the similarities among humans, monkeys, and apes and classified them as:​

primates

A painful disease in which oxygen-carrying red blood cells change into abnormal shapes is called:​

sickle-cell anemia

Which of the following topics would best be approached by studying primates in their natural habitat?

social dynamics

Which of the following is the smallest working unit in biological classification?​

species

When natural selection favors retention of an allele frequency because the population is well adapted, it is referred to as:

stabilizing selection

Which of the following is the best example of a noninvasive research method for studying primates?​

taking fecal samples to study diet and health

Flexible and changing behavioral patterns among nonhuman primates interest scientists because they provide clues about:​

the earliest development of human cultural behavior

In a heterozygous individual, the dominance of one allele means that:

the recessive allele is not being expressed

Mammals have all of the following characteristics except:

they do not give birth to living young

What is unique about bonobo sexual activity among nonhuman primates?​

they do not limit their sexual behavior to times of female fertility

For an arboreal primate, which sense is most important in locating food?

vision