Anthropology- Power and Authority
ethnic cleansing
a deliberate and systematic attempt to eliminate an ethnic group in a region.
polity
a form or process of civil government or constitution. an organized society; a state as a political entity.
art
art is a universal, which is why it is studied in anthropology. it comes in various forms, and can signify individuality as well as being part of a group.
state
A political institution established to manage and defend a complex, socially stratified society occupying a defined territory. It is organized and directed by a government that has the capac- ity to make rules, impose order, tax its subjects, and use military force to defend or expand its territories.
chiefdom
A politically centralized, organized society in which several neighboring communities inhabiting a territory are united under a single ruler, who is at the head of a ranked hierarchy of people. Authority: goes to chief Stratified Mostly failed since lower chiefs would want to seize authority Had food production and labor specialization
band
A relatively small and loosely organized kin-ordered group that inhabits a specific territory and that may split periodically into smaller extended family groups that are politically independent. Has one language, is mobile, and is egalitarian in political authority. Conflict resolution is informal, and the band is in control of the land.
secular art
As society becomes more secularized, we move further away from art, because art had a very religious significance in the beginning.
authority
Claiming and exercising power as justified by law or custom of tradition.
stratified
Having unequal layers. Society
law
In cultural anthropology, formal rules of conduct that, when violated, lead to negative sanctions. For laws/sanctions to be effective, they must be consistent.
revolution
Involves a high level of discontent, and overthrowing the old government to get a new one, and brings about a radical change. But, many do not live up to the expectations of the people.
tribe
a range of kin-ordered groups that are politically integrated by some unifying factor and whose members share a common ancestry, identity, culture, language, and territory. Conflict resolution: informal One ethnicity Control of land: goes to descent group Leadership: egalitarian
sanction
a social directive designed to encourage or coerce conformity to cultural standards of acceptable social behavior. Can be positive or negative, such as awards for conformity, or threats to get people to conform. Can be informal or formal, such as dirty looks, or going to jail.
revitalization movement
efforts for radical cultural reform in response to widespread social disruption and collective feelings of repression, anxiety, and despair. occur where powerful movements of globalization have destabilized.
relocation
move the minority group to an unfamiliar area that makes them dependent upon the majority culture
genocide
physically killing off a people
ethnocide (sociocide)
prevent them from using their language, clothing, traditions, etc. You can force assimilation upon them by getting rid of the group's cultural identity.
influence
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself:
syncretism
the creative blending of indigenous and foreign beliefs and practices into new cultural forms.
