antisemitism
Difference between antisemitism and Judeophobia
-Antisemitism has racial and ethnic connections to the hatred (biological/people)/ fatal -Judeophobia is fear of Jews and the Jewish religion (Against religion)/ pre-christian antisemitism/ literary/ not fatal
Describe the section of the Fourth Lateran Council whose aim was to humiliate Jews by setting them apart from their neighbors.
-Canonical law -4th letter -prohibition of literature/1 synagogue in each area/ special identification of Jews by their outfits/ badge to be worn/ ghetto/expulsion
What were the three major Jewish sects of the first entry CE described by Josephus
-Essenes -Sadduces -Pharises
Three reasons for Luther's vicious attacks against Jews, Muslims, Catholics, and even some Protestants according to Goldstein
-Fear that his reforms failed to bring about the changes he had envisioned -Living at the end of the days and all sinners needed to repent -Actions of religions were a part of satanic conspiracy
King and queen of Spain who expelled the Jews.
-Ferdinand and Isabella expelled all Jews from Spanish kingdom March 31, 1492
Former Jews in 14th and 15th century Spain.
-Marrano -Converso
Define antisemitism. Who popularized the term and when?
Antisemitism is hostile thoughts and actions towards or because someone is Jewish. This is a modern term that has racial and economic purposes and is essentially meaning hostility towards Jews. -Popularized by Wihelm Marr in 1879
Second class citizens non-Muslim citizens living in Muslim dominated areas.
Dhimmis
Define Diaspora
Dispersion of people from their homeland
Who was Apion and what did he say about the Jews
Greek lawyer who Said Jews were a diseased race that kidnapped a young Greek to sacrifice/ lepers full of disease/ worshipped head of an ass because they didn't have any statues
In pre-Christian era, how did Jews differ from peoples around them.
Monotheistic Emphasis on this world Emphasis on good deeds
What is "witness theology" and who coined the term?
Witness theology is the idea that Jews are condemned and should be confined to servitude and poverty -Coined by Augustin
Define theodicy
the vindication (proof, justification) of divine goodness and providence (protection of God/ God protecting us) in view of (despite of) the existence of evil
How/why Muslim antisemitism differ from Christian antisemitism
-No theological antisemitism in the muslim world/ Christian scriptures had no place in islam -It was all non-muslims not just as Jews protected but 2nd class/ religious tolerance/ security for life and property -In the first 3 centuries after Jesus death there was close encounters and competition between Jews and the developing Christianity so Muslims were in a superior position to the Jews/ did not see themselves as new Israel and therefore were not threatened by the survival of old Israel -Quran has no tradition of Jewish guilt -Position of Jews varied but even at its worst it was never as bad as Christian antisemitism
First Crusade preached by whom and when? Differing from II and III crusade
-Pope Urban II -1095 -I turning point in history of antisemitism and instability of Jewish position in free holy land from Turks/ church highly influential/ unite Christians/ ended with taking of Jerusalem -II 1145-1149 by Pope Eugenius political targeting/ trade/ economic necessity/ and religious fanaticism/ intent to repeat massacres of the 1st crusade -III England/ wasn't religious/ political crusade
Three factors involved in Christian antisemitism during the early centuries of Christianity which provided foundation for virulence of antisemitic reaction that accompanied the Crusades.
-Theology -Literature -Forceful contact between people
Factors which caused the deterioration of status, image, and security of the Jews in the 4th century.
1. Influx of roman aristocracies 2. Influx of roman middle class (prejudices/no experience with Jews) 3. Rigid method of structural interpretation 4. Awareness of Christian root breakdown 5. Witness theology/ Augustin and Justin
