AP CH2 Quiz
The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are __________
electrons
Which of the following is classified as a protein?
enzyme
Enzymes are examples of _________ proteins
globular (functional)
Which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature
high heat capacity
Trans fats are oils that have been solidified by the addition of __________
hydrogen atoms
The nucleotide chains of DNA are held together by __________
hydrogen bonds
Which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?
increased temperature
What type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another?
ionic bond
What type of chemical bond is pictured in Figure 2.3
ionic bond
Which of the following elements is needed to make a functional hemoglobin molecule?
iron
Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates called
polysaccharides
During a synthesis reaction, amino acids join to form
proteins
The organic compounds that function in building tissues and acting as enzymes are the __________
proteins
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of __________ an atom contains
protons
The pH scale is based on the number of __________ in a solution
protons
an acid is a molecule that releases (donates)
protons (hydrogen ions)
Two or more polypeptide chains combine to form a complex structure called a __________
quaternary structure
Which of the following may be used in PET scans as biological tracers that can be followed through the body?
radioisotopes
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for __________
surface tension
The growth of cells and repair of worn-out tissues is accomplished by ________
synthesis reactions
Shell 1 of an atom can hold a maximum of __________ electron(s)
2
An atom with 13 electrons will have _____ electrons in the outer most valence shell
3
What is the atomic number of the atom in figure 2.2?
6
Blood pH falls in a narrow range between __________
7.35 to 7.45
Which of the following solutions is the weakest acid?
A solution with a pH of 5.2
Which statement best describes why ATP is an important núcleos acid in the body?
ATP provides a form of chemical energy all body cells can use
Identify the nucleic acid
DNA
What is the function of DNA?
DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body
A nucleotide of DNA contains three components: _____ , _____ , and _____
Deoxyribose; a phosphate group; nitrogen-containing base
Unsaturated fatty acid chains contain one more __________ bonds between carbon atoms
Double
Never impulses involve the flow of an electrical current, a type of energy known as __________ energy
Electrical
Saturated fats are __________
Exist as solids at room temperature
Which statement best describes fibrous proteins?
Fibrous proteins most often appear in body structures
Which carbohydrate is also known as blood sugar?
Glucose
Which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary?
adenine and thymine
The building blocks of proteins are __________
amino acids
Matter is best described as
anything that occupies space and has mass
Elements are composed of building blocks known as
atoms
Enzymes are __________
biological catalysts
The reaction sucrose + water -> glucose + fructose is an example of a(n)
decomposition reaction
Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?
Cellulose
The movement of ions across Palma membranes is an example of _________
Chemical energy
Which of the following lipids is formed of four interlocking carbon rings?
Cholesterol
Which of these vitamins is produced in skin upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation?
Vitamin D
An atom of magnesium has lost two electrons. It is known as a(n) ________.
cation
Isotopes of methane, CH4, is known specifically as a(n) __________
compound
The atomic number of sodium is 11 while the atomic mass number is 23. Which of the following is NOT true of an atom of sodium?
11 neutrons
An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Its atomic mass is __________
14
Which of the following would be classified as an enzyme
Hydrolase
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle associated with an atom?
Ion
Which letter represents a globular protein in its quaternary structure
Label B
Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer
Label C
Which of the following contains sodium?
NaCl
Exchange reactions in which an acid and base interact are known as __________
Neutralization reactions
Letter E represents a núcleos acid building block known as a
Nucleotide
The number of protons always equal the __________ in a neutral atom
Number of electrons
The most common element in the human body is
Oxygen
The atomic mass number of an atom is equivalent to the number of __________
Protons and neutrons
A molecule with the sequence of AUCGUCA should categorized as __________
RNA
Which of the following statements about RNA is true?
RNA is a single nucleotide strand
Which of the following statements about ATP is false?
The phosphate groups of ATP are attracted by high energy hydrogen bonds
The building blocks of a triglyceride are __________
Three fatty acid chains and one glycerol molecule
The complementary base to adenine in a molecule of DNA is
Thymine
Letter D represents the structure of a(n)
Triglyceride
A chemical experiments on a molecule with the formula of C5H10O5. This compound is likely a(n) __________
carbohydrate
Polar molecules, like water, result when electrons are shared
unequally between atoms
Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound?
water
In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, __________
water molecules must be added to each bond