ap cps 0-1.4

low level programming

- A programming language that captures only the most primitive operations available to a machine. - It has low level of abstraction because it includes commands specific to a particular CPU or microprocessor family. - Low level languages include machine languages today and programmers rarely use low-level languages today because the syntax is excruciatingly detailed and symbolic, which makes it difficult to write, debug, and maintain. - Anything that a computer can do can be represented with combinations of low level. - A low-level programming that provides little or no abstraction of programming concepts and is very close to writing actual machine instructions. - Examples: Assembly and machine code.

High Level Programming Language

- A programming language with many commands and features designed to make common tasks easier to program. - It is designed to simplify computer programming. - It is high-level since it is several steps removed from the actual code that runs on a computer's processor. - Any high level functionality is encapsulated as combination of low level commands. - High-level source code contains easy-to-read syntax that is later converted into a low-level language, which can be recognized and run by a specific CPU - Examples: Python, JavaScript, and Java, C#, C++

abstractoin

Is a mental model, a way to think about something, that removes or hides complex details. The abstraction includes the information necessary to accomplish our goal, but leaves out information that would unnecessarily complicates matters.

imperative statement

a command statement with a verb phrase that indicates an operation to perform (example: move forward)

algorithm

a finite set of instructions that accomplish a specific task.

sequencing

executes statements one at a time - in order, one after another.

artificial language

limited size language developed for specific purposes (human to computer interactions) (letters digits punctuations)

binary

machine code that uses patterns of 0s and 1s (low level translation)

programming language

python, java, javscript

iteration

repeatedly applying a process with the goal of coming closer and closer to a solution

iteration

repetition - one complete step of a loop, repeated until a certain condition is met.

iterative development process

the process by which computer programs are designed, developed and tested in repeated cycles

innovating

the process of imagining something that does not yet exist, but that has potential value, and making it real through the application of design, implementation, and production

debug

to identify and remove errors from a computer program

selection

uses "if...then" to tell a computer how to select a step or to tell the sequence that it should be executed.

language (CS)

vocabulary and rules used to instruct computers how to perform tasks

natural language

written and spoken language that has evolved through humans naturally in human communication