AP EURO FINAL CH 18

The discipline of natural philosophy focused on

specific natural laws that governed all matter in material universe

Francis Bacon formalized the research methods of Tycho Brahe and Galileo into a theory of reasoning known as

empiricism

In general, what was Voltaire's attitude toward government?

He believed that a good monarch was the best on could hope for in a gov

Which powers participated in the partitioning of Poland in the late 18th century?

Prussia, Russia, Austria

What was the primary goal of Galileo Galilei's experimental method?

To discover what actually occurred in nature rather than to speculate on what should occur

Copernicus' theory of the universe

postulated a sun-centered view of the universe

To improve the rural economy and the lives of peasants, Empress Maria Theresa of Austria

reduced nobles' power over their serfs

Catherine the Great's goal of domestic reform never came to fruition, owing to

the rebellion led by Emelian Pugachev in 1773

Which country spearheaded the trend in scientific expeditions?

Spain

Who was the author of On Crimes and Punishments, a passionate plea for the reform of the penal system?

Cesare Beccaria