AP Gov Chapter 12: The Presidency

John Tyler

1841: The first VP to become president due to the death of predecessor

War Powers Resolutions (1973)

A federal law intended to check the U.S. president's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress. Requires the president to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to military action and forbids armed forces from remaining for more than 60 days, with a further 30-day withdrawal period, without congressional authorization for use of military force (AUMF) or a declaration of war by the United States.

pocket veto

A president's ability to veto a piece of legislation by taking no action on it (possible only when Congress is not in session).

Yes

Can the President convene special sessions of congress

no, only congress can

Can the president declare war?

Yes

Can the president receive foreign ambassadors

Loyalty to the President

For most people appointed to the Executive Office of the President (EOP), the primary consideration in selecting them is their

Take Care Clause

Gives the president control over implementation of laws

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

Group of policy related offices that serve as support staff to the president. They serve to help his/her policy goals and get reelected Ex: White House Office

14 years

How long do you have to be a residence in the U.S. to be president

9

How many VP's have assumed the presidency in midterm

1800

How many people have been employed to the EOP in recent administrations

2

How many terms can a president serve?

5

How many times has Congress declared war

35

How old does the president have to be?

Foreign Policy

James Monroe's "Monroe Doctrine" demonstrates the important role that early presidents played in what area?

more influential

Modern vice presidents are __________ than their predecessors.

signing statement

President Obama issues a document when signing a new bill into a law that specifies how he interprets the meaning of the law. This is an example of a(n)

Buly Pulpit

President's ability to speak directly to the American public in support of his policy agenda and decisions

Going Public

President's use of speeches and other public communications to appeal directly to citizens about issues he/she would like congress to act on Ex: State of the Union

recess appointments

Selection of a person to be an ambassador or department head while the senate is not in session, thereby passing senate approval. Unless approved by a subsequent Senate vote, recess appointments serve only to the end of the congressional term

Veto Power

Source: Congressional/other The tool that allows the president to approve or reject a bill which requires 2/3 of the senate to override

Commander-in-Chief

The constitutional power by which the president serves as the head of the U.S. military forces

Executive Order

The constitutional/statutory authority that allows the president to make a proclamation that changes government policy without congressional approval. This may be overturned by congressional legislation or judicial action. Usually administrative. Example: Emancipation Proclamation

jus sanguinis

The law of blood, which determines citizenship based on one's parents' citizenship.

presidential approval rating

The percentage of Americans who think that the president is doing a good job in office.

Vice President

The person that is supposed to preside over the senate and breaks ties if needed. This person is also known as the President Pro Tempor/ President of the Senate

Pardoning Power

The power of the president that completely sets aside the punishment for a federal crime. Under the Constitution, the president's clemency power extends to federal criminal offense. It cannot be applied to those impeached and convicted by Congress

senate approval

Treaty making and foreign policy conducted by the president are subject to

True

True of False: The president has the ability to lessen someone's sentence also known as commutation

False (it rarely happens)

True or False: Former VPs always win elections

True

True or False: Successful legislating generally requires bargaining between the executive and legislative branches

True

True or False: The House votes to impeach the president, and the Senate conducts a trial to decide if the president should be removed from office.

True

True or False: The president is the unofficial head of his/her political party that often chooses day to day party leadership

True

True or False: You must be a natural born citizen of the U.S. to be the president

True

True/False: The president has the ability to negotiate treaties with foreign entities according to constitutional/statutory authority

Executive Privilege

Unwritten right of the president to keep the executive branch conversations and correspondence confidential from the legislative and judicial branches. It is unclear what applies for this power, but limitations do exist Example: United States vs Nixon (1974)

22nd amendment

What amendment implemented the term limit on the presidency

Day to day operations and troop deployment

What can the president do as Commander-in-Chief

America's growth as a nation geographically and economically

What is the first way Presidential Power has increased over time

Various acts of legislation that have given new authority to the president such as the New Deal

What is the fourth way Presidential Power has increased over time

America's emergence as a dominant actor in international politics

What is the second way Presidential Power has increased over time

laws enacted by congress

What is the source of the president's statutory authority?

Expansion of Federal government especially after FDR and social security

What is the third way Presidential Power has increased over time

during periods of divided government

When are vetoes MOST likely to occur?

1951 after FDR who served 4 terms

When was the 22nd Amendment passed?

Article II, Section 1

Which article of the Constitution defines the powers of the President?

Secretary of Defense

Which of the following is a cabinet position that is subject to Senate approval?

The head of the Executive Branch

Who is the President according to the Constitution

George H.W. Busch (1988)

Who is the most recent VP to become President

Donald Trump

Who is the oldest president of the U.S.

YES

Y/N Has the Presidency's power increased over time

8, 4, 1

____ deaths, ____ assassinations, and _____ resignation have allowed the VP to become President

appointment power

ability to name ambassadors, senior bureaucrats, and federal judges which may be subject to senate confirmation

Executive agreement

agreement between the executive branch and a foreign government. It acts as a treaty but does not require senate approval. This can be undone by subsequent administrations.

unilateral action

any policy decision made and acted upon by the president and presidential staff without the explicit approval or consent of congress

head of government

authority over the executive branch

Vesting Clause

makes the president both the head of government and the head of state

Statutory authority

powers derived from laws enacted by Congress that add to the powers given to the president in the Constitution

Constitutional authority

powers derived from provisions of the constitution that outline presidents role in government

head of state

symbolic and political representative for the country

The Cabinet

the group of 15 executive department heads who implement the president's agenda in their respective positions. May include the VP, White House Chief of Staff, Head of the EPA, Head of the OMB, Head of the ONDCP, U.S. Trade Representative

unitary executive theory

the idea that the vesting clause of the Constitution gives the president the authority to issue orders and policy directives that cannot be undone by Congress

jus soli

the law of soil, which determines citizenship based on where a person is born