AP Human Geography Chapter 12/13 test Study Guide
If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how many people live in the fifth largest city?
200,000
The U.S. government estimates ________ percent of the homeless are children.
25
In the United States about ________ percent of all jobs are in consumer services.
50
Residents of rural settlements are more likely than residents of urban settlements to work in
Agriculture
The Spine and Disamenity zones are most closely associated with a(n)
Latin American city.
Which of the following is NOT true about periodic markets around the globe?
Muslim markets operate every day of the week.
Which of the following is NOT true about the world's fastest-growing cities?
The high urban growth in the developing world suggests considerable industrialization and economic development.
Wealthy, younger, highly educated individuals in Houston are classified by the market segmentation analyst group Neilson Claritas as
Young Digerati.
The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called the ________, which was built about 4,000 years ago.
Ziggurat
The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is
a hexagon
The Paseo de la Reforma in Mexico City would be identified by the Griffin-Ford model as
a spine.
The process of legally adding land area to a city in the United States is
annexation.
Periodic markets
are found in both developing and developed nations in both rural and urban areas.
A primate city is
at least twice as large as the next smaller city.
The areas on the periphery of cities in less developed countries are sometimes known as
barriadas, favelas bidonvilles, bastees, or kampongs.
The "Boswash" corridor that stretches from Boston to Washington, D.C., was named "Megalopolis"
by geographer Jean Gottmann.
In a simplified model of a city, the zone where retail and office activities are clustered is the
central business district.
A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement?
clustered rural
Land values are high in the CBD primarily because of
competition for limited space.
Which of the following is NOT true? a. Electric-powered vehicles may reduce consumption of petroleum if they are charged on non-fossil fuel power grids. b. The average American spends at 600 hours per year of his/her life driving. c. CSS systems involve reducing CO2 in the atmosphere by capturing and storing it underground. d. The electric grids across the United States have been standardized to ensure efficiency and reliable delivery of service. e. North America has the highest per capita CO2 emissions
d. The electric grids across the United States have been standardized to ensure efficiency and reliable delivery of service.
Sprawl is the
development of new housing sites not contiguous to the existing built-up area.
The gravity model predicts that the optimal location of a service is
directly related to the number of people in the area and inversely related to the distance people must travel to access it.
Urban residents are generally more tolerant of ________ than are the residents of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved.
diverse social behavior
Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of
economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors.
Consumer services include
educational, retail, wholesale, health and social, leisure, and hospitality jobs.
Even with the diffusion of modern telecommunications, many lawyers, financial analysts, and public officials in CBDs still exchange information with colleagues primarily through
face-to-face contact.
Gentrification
is the process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing.
The challenge of local government fragmentation is
it makes it difficult to solve regional problems.
What factors determine where back-office services will locate in LDCs?
low wage rates and workers who can speak English
The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by
low wages and the wide use of English.
U.S. inner cities face fiscal problems because
low-income people are concentrated there.
In the United States, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest functional area?
metropolitan statistical area
LDCs specialize in what two types of global business services?
offshore financial and back office
According to Homer Hoyt's sector model, once a district with high-class housing is established, the most expensive new housing is built
on the outer edge of that district, farther out from the center.
A food desert is usually associated with
parts of the country where fresh fruit, vegetables, and other healthful whole foods are unavailable, usually found in impoverished areas.
If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution?
primate city
People in the United States are attracted to suburbs in part because suburbs are characterized by
private land surrounding the house.
The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service is
range
The hierarchical listing of settlements by size is known as the
rank-size rule.
The fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements?
reduction in urban population
The most significant impact that Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to
reinforce the traditional clustered rural settlement pattern.
What activity tends to locate on the street-level floor of a skyscraper in a typical North American CBD?
retail
European CBDs are similar to those in North America because they both contain
retail and office activities.
According to the concentric zone model, a city develops in a series of
rings.
Many of the poor on the periphery of cities in less developed countries live in areas known as
squatter settlements.
A ________ is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services.
state capital
Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity?
steel mill
Richard Florida's research identified a relationship between the distribution of
talent and cultural diversity.
What technical development has allowed back-office functions to relocate to LDCs?
telecommunications
As a result of high land costs, the American CBD is characterized by
the construction of skyscrapers.
The peripheral model is most closely associated with
the multiple nuclei model.
Cities tend to situate convention centers and sports complexes in their CBDs because
they hope to stimulate more business for downtown restaurants, bars, and hotels.
The minimum number of people needed to support a service is called the
threshold
According to the United Nations, to reduce pollution and fossil fuel dependency will require
use of carbon capture and storage mechanisms.
The largest number of daily trips are made primarily for
work.
A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through
zoning.
