AP Psych Modules 48-55 Vocab & People

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causes of somatoform disorders

caused by a negative self image, being more physically and emotionally sensitive, or family history and genetics

causes of dissociative disorders

caused by coping with trauma such as childhood abuse, frightening environments, and overwhelming stress

causes of personality disorders

caused by genetics, childhood experiences, poor parenting, and trauma

causes of anxiety disorders

caused by stress, medical illness, side effects of medication, lack of oxygen, etc.

seasonal affective disorder

mood disorder subset in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year experience depressive symptoms in the winter or summer

major depressive disorder

mood disorder where a person experiences 2 or more weeks of significantly depressed moods

biopsychosocial model

how biological, psychological, and social factors interact to create a certain psychological disorder

causes of schizophrenia

influenced by genetics, brain structure and function, and prenatal viruses

causes of mood disorders

influenced by hereditary factors and social-cognitive factors

bipolar disorder

manic-depressive disorder, a person alternates between depressive states and states of hyperactivity

dissociative amnesia

mental illnesses that involve disruptions or breakdowns of memory, consciousness, awareness, identity, and perception

sociocultural model

used to describe awareness of circumstances surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are effected specifically by their surrounding, social and cultural factors

Philippe Pinel

French physician who was instrumental in the development of a more humane psychological approach to the custody and care of psychiatric patients, moral therapy

schizophrenia

a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions

generalized anxiety disorder

an anxiety disorder where a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in autonomic nervous arousal

obsessive compulsive disorder

anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions

panic disorder

anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable episodes of intense dread, terror, chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations

simple phobias

anxiety disorder with persistent, irrational fear or avoidance of a specific object or person

biological model

belief that abnormal behavior is linked to disease, mental disorder is viewed as illness due to a biochemical imbalance

insanity

craziness or madness characterized by abnormal mental or behavioral patterns, violations of social norms and violence

psychological disorder

deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

DSM-IV-TR

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, used to classify psychological disorders

agoraphobia

disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations where the person perceives the environment to be unsafe with no easy way to get away

dissociative identity disorder

disorder in which a person exhibits 2 or more distinct and alternating personalities

humanistic model

emphasizes individuals' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one's own capabilities and creativity, people are inherently good

rosenhan study

experiment into the validity of psychiatric diagnosis

social phobias

extreme shyness and self consciousness build into powerful fears, as a result the person feels uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities

delusions

false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that accompany psychotic disorders

hallucinations

false perceptions, where auditory, visual, and tactile senses are altered

posttraumatic stress disorder

haunting memories , nightmares, and social withdrawal triggered by a stressful or traumatic experience

antisocial personality disorder

personality disorder where the person has a lack of conscience wrongdoing, may be aggressive or ruthless

psychoanalytic model

personality organization and the dynamics of personality development that guides psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology

anxiety

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent or maladaptive behaviors

medical model

psychological disorders with physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured through hospital treatment

dissociative fugue

rare psychiatric disorder characterized by reversible amnesia for personal identity, including the memories, personality, and other identifying characteristics

conversion disorders

rare somatoform disorder where a person experiences physical symptoms with no physiological basis

disorganized schizophrenia

schizophrenia characterized by bizarre behavior, delusions, and hallucinations, disturbed thought and language

paranoid schizophrenia

schizophrenia characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur, supported by hallucinations and delusions

catatonic schizophrenia

schizophrenia characterized by variations in voluntary movement, rapid movements or little activity, movement or speech

hypochondriasis

somatoform disorder where a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of disease

cognitive model

study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking

undifferentiated schizophrenia

symptoms don't clearly fit into one specific type of schizophrenia, but have clear signs


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