AP Psych Modules 48-55 Vocab & People
causes of somatoform disorders
caused by a negative self image, being more physically and emotionally sensitive, or family history and genetics
causes of dissociative disorders
caused by coping with trauma such as childhood abuse, frightening environments, and overwhelming stress
causes of personality disorders
caused by genetics, childhood experiences, poor parenting, and trauma
causes of anxiety disorders
caused by stress, medical illness, side effects of medication, lack of oxygen, etc.
seasonal affective disorder
mood disorder subset in which people who have normal mental health throughout most of the year experience depressive symptoms in the winter or summer
major depressive disorder
mood disorder where a person experiences 2 or more weeks of significantly depressed moods
biopsychosocial model
how biological, psychological, and social factors interact to create a certain psychological disorder
causes of schizophrenia
influenced by genetics, brain structure and function, and prenatal viruses
causes of mood disorders
influenced by hereditary factors and social-cognitive factors
bipolar disorder
manic-depressive disorder, a person alternates between depressive states and states of hyperactivity
dissociative amnesia
mental illnesses that involve disruptions or breakdowns of memory, consciousness, awareness, identity, and perception
sociocultural model
used to describe awareness of circumstances surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are effected specifically by their surrounding, social and cultural factors
Philippe Pinel
French physician who was instrumental in the development of a more humane psychological approach to the custody and care of psychiatric patients, moral therapy
schizophrenia
a group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions
generalized anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder where a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in autonomic nervous arousal
obsessive compulsive disorder
anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions
panic disorder
anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable episodes of intense dread, terror, chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations
simple phobias
anxiety disorder with persistent, irrational fear or avoidance of a specific object or person
biological model
belief that abnormal behavior is linked to disease, mental disorder is viewed as illness due to a biochemical imbalance
insanity
craziness or madness characterized by abnormal mental or behavioral patterns, violations of social norms and violence
psychological disorder
deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors
DSM-IV-TR
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, used to classify psychological disorders
agoraphobia
disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations where the person perceives the environment to be unsafe with no easy way to get away
dissociative identity disorder
disorder in which a person exhibits 2 or more distinct and alternating personalities
humanistic model
emphasizes individuals' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one's own capabilities and creativity, people are inherently good
rosenhan study
experiment into the validity of psychiatric diagnosis
social phobias
extreme shyness and self consciousness build into powerful fears, as a result the person feels uncomfortable participating in everyday social activities
delusions
false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that accompany psychotic disorders
hallucinations
false perceptions, where auditory, visual, and tactile senses are altered
posttraumatic stress disorder
haunting memories , nightmares, and social withdrawal triggered by a stressful or traumatic experience
antisocial personality disorder
personality disorder where the person has a lack of conscience wrongdoing, may be aggressive or ruthless
psychoanalytic model
personality organization and the dynamics of personality development that guides psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology
anxiety
psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent or maladaptive behaviors
medical model
psychological disorders with physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured through hospital treatment
dissociative fugue
rare psychiatric disorder characterized by reversible amnesia for personal identity, including the memories, personality, and other identifying characteristics
conversion disorders
rare somatoform disorder where a person experiences physical symptoms with no physiological basis
disorganized schizophrenia
schizophrenia characterized by bizarre behavior, delusions, and hallucinations, disturbed thought and language
paranoid schizophrenia
schizophrenia characterized by delusions of persecution or grandeur, supported by hallucinations and delusions
catatonic schizophrenia
schizophrenia characterized by variations in voluntary movement, rapid movements or little activity, movement or speech
hypochondriasis
somatoform disorder where a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of disease
cognitive model
study of mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking
undifferentiated schizophrenia
symptoms don't clearly fit into one specific type of schizophrenia, but have clear signs
