ap psych unit 3b

which lobes of the brain recieve the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back a. parietal b. temporal c. occipital d. frontal e. cerebral

a. parietal

which region of your brainstem plays a role in arousing you to a state of alertness when someone nearby mentions your name a. reticular formation b. cerebellum c. hypothalamus d. amygdala e. medulla

a. reticular formation

a french psychiatrist joseph capgras described a patient who reported that imposters had replaced her hisband, children and herself. her inability to recognize the faces of her close family members or herself suggests that the a. right hemisphere of her brain was damaged b. corpus callosum had been severed c. thalamus in the brainstem was not functioning properly d. angular gyrus was compromised leading to aphasia e. left temporal love was injured

a. right hemisphere of her brain was damaged

damage to the left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduced people's ability to a. speak fluently b. copy drawings c. recognize faces d. recognize familiar melodies e. see colors

a. speak fluently

which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex a. thalamus b. amygdala c. medulla d. hippocampus e. cerebellum

a. thalamus

if primed with the flash word 'foot' the _______ will be especially quick to recognize the word 'heel'. if primed with 'foot', 'cry', and 'glass', the ______ will be especially quick to recognize the word 'cut' a. right hemisphere; left hemisphere b. left hemisphere; right hemisphere c. cerebellum; brainstem d. left hemisphere; left hemisphere e. sensory cortex; speech cortex

b. left hemisphere; right hemisphere

the neural system located at the border between the brainstem and the cerebral hemispheres is known as the a. sensory cortex b. limbic system c. reticular formation d. peripheral nervous system e. cerebellum

b. limbic system

the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as a. epigenetics b. evolutionary psychology c. behavior genetics d. natural selection e. genome research

c. behavior genetics

the auditory hallucinations experiences by people with schizophrenia are most closely linked with the activation of areas in which brain area a. motor cortex b. amygdala c. temporal lobes d. hypothalamus e. sensory cortex

c. temporal lobes

the brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous system and the endocrine system is the a. cerebellum b. amygdala c. reticular formation d. hypothalamus e. medulla

d. hypothalamus

surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n) a. endorphin b. EEG c. synapse d. lesion e. MRI

d. lesion

addictive drug cravins are likely to be associated with reward centers in the a. thalamus b. cerebellum c. reticular formation d. limbic system e. angular gyrus

d. limbic system

when the cat's amygdala is electrically stimulated the cat prepares to attack by hissing and arching its back. which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated by such stimulation a. somatic b. parasympathetic c. central d. sympathetic e. sensorimotor

d. sympathetic

the sensory cortex is most critical for our sense of a. taste b. sight c. hearing d. touch e. smell

d. touch

the association areas are located in the a. spinal cord b. brainstem c. thalamus d. limbic system e. cerebral cortex

e. cerebral cortex

sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan a. EEG b. CT c. fMRI d. PET e. MRI

a. EEG

psychologist michael gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE-ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. when asked to point to the work with their left hand, patients pointed to a. HE b. ART c. HEART d. EA e. nothing. they were unable to complete the task

a. HE

which neural center in the limbic system plays a central role in emotions such as aggression and fear a. amygdala b. thalamus c. cerebellum d. medulla e. dendrite

a. amygdala

if a blind person uses one finger to read braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex. this is an examples of a. brain plasticity b. hemispheric specialization c. neural prosthetics d. integrated association areas e. aphasia

a. brain plasticity

the reticular formation is located in the a. brainstem b. limbic system c. sensory cortex d. motor cortex e. cerebellum

a. brainstem

the benefits of brain plasticity are most clearly demonstrated in a. children who have has a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed b. people paralyzed by a severed spinal cord c. individuals with alzheimer's disease d. adults with aphasia e. people free of any disease or brain damage

a. children who have had a cerebral hemisphere surgically removed

someone skilled at word processing thinks several letters ahead while typing, where as a beginner must focus on one letter at a time. a novice is most likely using _______ to complete the task a. conscious serial processing b. the right hemisphere c. the limbic system d. unconscious parallel processing e. the reticular formation

a. conscious serial processing

when looking at a flying bird, we are consciously aware of our cognitive processing ("its a bird") but not of our subconscous processing of the bird's form, color, distance, and movement. this illustrates what psychologists call a. dual processing b. serial processing c. brain plasticity d. selective attention e. cognitive neuroscience

a. dual processing

which cognitive neuroscience term reflects the idea that "much of our everyday thinking, feeling, and acting operates outside out conscious awareness" a. dual processing b. cerebral cortex c. reticular formation d. interneurons e. limbic system

a. dual processing

to identify which specific brain areas are most active during a particular mental task, researchers would by most likely to make use of a(n) a. fMRI b. hemispherectomy c. ACh agonist d. brain lesion e. MRI

a. fMRI

in a recent car accident, tamiko sustained damaged to his right cerebral hemisphere. this injury is most likely to reduce tamiko's ability to a. facially express emotions b. solve arithmetic problems c. understand simple verbal requests d. process information in an orderly sequence e. control his aggression

a. facially express emotions

research on left-handedness suggests that a. genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness b. a greater proportion of women than men are left-handed c. left- handers generally demonstrate less artistic competence than right-handers d. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere e. left-handers live longer than right-handers

a. genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness

nerve cells in the brain recieve life- supporting nutrients and insulating myelin from a. glial cells b. neurotransmitters c. motor neurons d. hormones e. sensory neurons

a. glial cells

someone trying to add a long series of three digit numbers is probably experiencing increased brain waves and bloodflow to which brain structure a. left hemisphere b. thalamus c. reticular formation d. right hemisphere e. medulla

a. left hemisphere

to trigger a person's hand to make a fist, jose' delgado stimulated the individual's a. motor cortex b. hypothalamus c. sensory cortex d. reticular formation e. limbic system

a. motor cortex

psychologist michael gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE-ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. when asked, patients said they saw a. HE b. ART c. HEART d. EA e. nothing. they were unable to complete the task

b. ART

the best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) a. EEG b. MRI c. PET scan d. brain lesion e. x-ray

b. MRI

our lips are more sensitive than our knees to sensations of touch due to which of the following a. more neurotransmitters are released with the lips are touched b. a larger area of the sensory cortex is associated with our lips c. the dendrites connected to our lips are especially sensitive d. the medulla routes impulses from the lips directly to our brainstem e. our lips are directly connected to the sensory cortex, but our knees are not

b. a larger area of the sensory cortex is associated with our lips

a person whose hand had been amputated actually felt sensations on his nonexistent fingers with his face was stroked. this best illustrates the consequences of a. tomography b. brain plasticity c. lateralization d. hemispherectomy e. aphasia

b. brain plasticity

the medulla is to the control of _______ as the cerebellum is to the control of _______ a. eating; sleeping b. breathing; walking c. emotion; motivation d. memory; attention e. hearing; seeing

b. breathing; walking

teaching a patient to regain the use of an impaired limb by limiting his or her use of the good limb is called a. functioning magnetic resonance imaging b. constraint-induced therapy c. neural prosthetics d. phrenology e. congitive neuroscience

b. constraint-induced therapy

information is most quickly transmitted from one cerebral hemisphere to the other by the a. medulla b. corpus callosum c. angular gyrus d. limbic system e. reticular formation

b. corpus callosum

neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce a. aphasia b. epileptic seizures c. depression d. neural plasticity e. reward deficiency syndrome

b. epileptic seizures

olds and milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the a. sensory cortex b. hypothalamus c. cerebellum d. medulla e. amygdala

b. hypothalamus

the secretions of the pituitary gland are most directly regulated by the a. reticular formation b. hypothalamus c. amygdala d. cerebellum e. thalamus

b. hypothalamus

the localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called a. neurogenesis b. lateralization c. hemispherectomy d. plasticity e. reticular formation

b. lateralization

physical excercise and exposure to stimulating environments are most likely to promote a. phrenology b. neurogenesis c. hemispherectomy d. reward deficiency syndrome e. plasticity

b. neurogenesis

deaf people who use sign language typically a. demonstrate greater mathematical competence than hearing persons b. process language in their left cerebral hemisphere c. recognize facial expressions of emotion with their left rather than their right cerebral hemisphere d. have a smaller corpus callosum than hearing persons e. process language in the right hemisphere rather than the left

b. process language in their left cerebral hemisphere

the goal of constraint-induced therapy is to a. eliminate epileptic seizures by cutting the corpus callosum b. rewire damaged brains by forcing patients to use a nonfunctioning limb c. trigger release of dopamine in specific brain regions associated with reward centers d. help those in whom damage to the angular gyrus has left them unable to read aloud e. destroy tiny clusters of defective cells, leaving the surrounding tissue unharmed

b. rewire damaged brains by forcing patients to use a nonfunctioning limb

the parietal lobes are to ________ as the occipital lobes are to _______ a. hearing; speaking b. sensing touch; seeing c. sensing pleasure; sensing pain d. tasting; smelling e. speaking; seeing

b. sensing touch; seeing

a stroke patient can recognize the sound of his wife's voice but cannot recognize her fave when she stands next to her. which brain region has most likely been damaged a. the visual cortex in the occipital lobe b. the underside of the right temporal lobe c. wernike's area in the left temporal lobe d. the hippocampus in the limbic system e. the reticular formation in the brainstem

b. the underside of the right temporal lobe

someone who has difficulty speaking after a stroke is suffering from which of the following a. neurogenesis b. lesion c. aphasia d. angular gyrus e. interneurons

c. aphasia

while mapping the motor cortex, researchers foerster and penfield found that a. although the mind's subsystems are localized in specific brain regions, the brain acts like a unified whole b. damage to a specific area in the left frontal lobe disrupted speech ability c. body areas requiring the greatest control occupied the greatest amount of cortical body space d. if one part of the brain is damaged, the brain will compensate by putting other areas to work e. our brain processes most information out of our awareness

c. body areas requiring the greatest control occupied the greatest amount of cortical space

the "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem is called the a. limbic system b. corpus callosum c. cerebellum d. reticular formation e. thalamus

c. cerebellum

what is the interdisciplinary study of how brain activity is linked with our mental processes called? a. social-cultural perspective b. psychodynamic perspective c. cognitive neuroscience d. industrial-organizational psychology e. biopsychosocial approach

c. cognitive neuroscience

split-brain patients have had their _________ surgically cut a. hippocampus b. limbic system c. corpus callosum d. sensory cortex e. reticular formation

c. corpus callosum

the ability to simulaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose _______ had been cut a. angular gyrus b. reticular formation c. corpus callosum d. motor cortex e. sensory cortex

c. corpus callosum

animal research has revealed a general reward system that triggers the release of the neurotransmitter a. ACh b. GABA c. dopamine d. epinephrine e. serotonin

c. dopamine

in 1848, phineas gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. the one friendly, soft-spoken gage became irritable and dishonest. gage's case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior a. temporal lobes b. sensory cortex c. frontal lobes d. parietal lobes e. broca's area

c. frontal lobes

which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories a. hypothalamus b. thalamus c. hippocampus d. medulla e. cerebellum

c. hippocampus

an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements is called the a. angular gyrus b. hypothalamus c. motor cortex d. reticular formation e. frontal association area

c. motor cortex

by simply thinking about a move, which activates their brain cells, people may be able to move a robotic arm. this best illustrates a. neurogenesis b. constraint-induced therapy c. neural prosthetics d. magnetic resonance imaging e. hemispheric specialization

c. neural prosthetics

recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. what is this process called? a. plasticity b. reuptake c. neurogenesis d. reticular formation e. myelin cells

c. neurogenesis

which region of the brain will a fMRI show as active when a person is looking at a photo a. temporal lobes b. parietal lobes c. occipital lobes d. frontal lobes e. association areas

c. occipital lobes

which of the following structures in the brainstem helps coordinate movements and lies above the medulla a. reticular formation b. hippocampus c. pons d. thalamus e. hypothalamus

c. pons

one function of the glial cells is to a. control hearbeat and breathing b. mimic the effects of neurotransmitters c. provide nutrients to interneurons d. stimulate the production of hormones e. control the muscle movements involved in speech

c. provide nutrients to interneurons

a picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. the individual will be able to use her a. right hand to indicate she saw a cat b. left hand to indicate she saw a mouse c. right hand to indicate she saw a mouse d. left or right hand to indicate she saw a cat e. left or right hand to indicate she was a mouse

c. right had to indicate she saw a mouse

a failure to recognize that one's arm or leg is part of one's self is most likely to be associated with damage to the a. amygdala b. hypothalamus c. right hemisphere d. sympathetic nervous system e. left hemisphere

c. right hemisphere

which part of your brain receives information that you are moving your legs a. amygdala b. motor cortex c. sensory cortex d. hypothalamus e. broca's area

c. sensory cortex

research into dual processing provides partial evidence for levels of consciousness similar to the levels first described by which psychologist a. B.F. skinner b. wilhelm wundt c. sigmund freud d. mary calkins e. edward titchener

c. sigmund freud

which of the following describes evidence for the brain's dual-processing ability a. the right occipital lobe perceives stimuli from our left visual field b. the corpus callosum allows impulses to travel between the two hemispheres c. the brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world d. the amygdala shares responsibility for some basic emotions with the hypothalamus and endocrine system e. the cerebral cortex is divided into two sets of loves on each hemisphere

c. the brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world

the surgical removal of a large tumor from dane's occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. dane is most likely to suffer some loss of a. muscular coordination b. language comprehension c. visual perception d. speaking ability e. pain sensations

c. visual perception

what is the main difference between an MRI scan and an fMRI scan a. MRI scans are able to show internal structures of the brain, fMRI scans can also show external structures b. MRI scans use x-rays, fMRI scans use gamma rays c. MRI scans measure glucose levels in the brain, fMRI scans show structure and activity levels e. MRI scans measure brain wave activity, fMRI scans use a series of x-ray images to show structural details

d. MRI scans show structural detail of the brain, fMRI shows structure and activity levels

the concentration of glucose in active regions of the brain underlies the usefulness of a(n) a. MRI b. brain lesion c. EEG d. PET scan e. hemispherectomy

d. PET scan

to demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's a. reticular formation b. cerebellum c. medulla d. amygdala e. thalamus

d. amygdala

after he suffered a stroke, mr. santore's physical coordination skills and responsiveness to sensory stimulation quickly returned to normal. unfortunately, however, he began to experience unusualy difficulty figuring out how to find his way to various locations in his neighborhood. it is most likely that mr. santore suffered damage to his a. cerebellum b. thalamus c. hypothalamus d. association areas e. autonomic nervous system

d. association areas

the cortical regions that are not directly involved in sensory or motor functions are known as a. interneurons b. broca's area c. frontal lobes d. association areas e. parietal lobes

d. association areas

the process of anticipating that you will be punished for misbehaving takes place within the a. limbic system b. sensory cortex c. reticular formation d. association areas e. sympathetic nervous system

d. association areas

in which brain structure are nerves form the left side of the brain routed to the right side of the body a. thalamus b. cerebellum c. amygdala d. brainstem e. hippocampus

d. brainstem

we are usually least consciously aware of the processes and functions of which brain structure a. cerebral cortex b. motor cortex c. sensory cortex d. brainstem e. broca's area

d. brainstem

the sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest is a. limbic system; brainstem; cerebral cortex b. brainstem; cerebral cortex; limbic system c. limbic system; cerebral cortex; brainstem d. brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex e. cerebral cortex; brainstem; limbic system

d. brainstem; limbic system; cerebral cortex

which brain area is primarily involved with controlling speech a. sensory cortex b. angular gyrus c. association areas d. broca's areas e. hypothalamus

d. broca's area

the thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the a. cerebellum b. corpus callosum c. reticular formation d. cerebral cortex e. sensory cortex

d. cerebral cortex

which kind of psychological researcher would be most interested in the research question, "do people who lost most of their cerebral cortex in an accident still exhibit signs of consciousness?" a. behaviorist b. development psychologist c. social-cultural researcher d. cognitive neuroscientist e. biopsychosocial researcher

d. cognitive neuroscientist

a brain lesion refers to ______ of brain tissue a. electrical stimulation b. x-ray photography c. radioactive bombardment d. destruction e. development

d. destruction

in creating more effective treatments for pain, researchers would use which of the following techniques for identifying regions of the brain that handle pain a. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) b. computed tomography (CT) c. electroencephalogram (EEG) d. functional MRI (fMRI) e. lesion

d. functional MRI (fMRI)

severing a cat's regicular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to a. become violently agressive b. cower in fear c. experience convulsive seizures d. lapse into a coma e. become sexually preoccupied

d. lapse into a coma

the ability to recognize faces with the right hemisphere but not the left hemisphere best illustrates a parkinson's disease b. neurogenesis c. plasticity d. lateralization e. aphasia

d. lateralization

in 1861, paul broca studies a stroke patient he called "tan". he was called this because as a result of brain damage it was the only word he could pronounce. based on broca's early work, which of the following brain regions is involved in speech production a. angular gyrus b. left temporal lobe c. sensory cortex d. left frontal lobe e. auditory cortex

d. left frontal lobe

if professor kosiba lesions the amygdala of a laboratory rat, the rat will most likely become a. hungry b. sexually aroused c. physically uncoordinated d. less aggressive e. aphasic

d. less aggressive

direct stimulation of the motor cortex would be most likely to result in a. feelings of anger b. acceleration of heartbeat c. a sensation of being touched on the arm d. movement of the mouth and lips e. intense pain

d. movement of the mouth and lip

a PET scan of a patient looking at a photograph of a painting would most likely indicate high levels of activity in which brain structure a. sensory cortex b. broca's area c. corpus callosum d. occipital lopes e. frontal lobes

d. occipital lobes

consciousness is a. the ability to solve problems, reason, and remember b. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information c. effortless encoding of incidental information into memory d. our awareness of ourselves and our environment e. brain waves that indicate we are not reactive to a stimulus

d. our awareness of ourselves and our environemt

after terry lost a finger in an industrial accident, the area of his sensory cortex devoted to recieving input from that finger gradually became very responsive to sensory input from his adjecent fingers. this best illustrates a. phrenology b. aphasia c. hemispherectomy d. plasticity e. tomography

d. plasticity

which of the following techniques would surgeons use in mapping the areas of the brain responsible for specific areas, such as movement or speech a. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) b. computed tomography (CT) c. electroencephalogram (EEG) d. positron emission tomography (PET) e. lesion

d. positron emission tomography (PET)

a patient who suffered a stroke says she no longer recognizes herself in a mirror. which brain structure was likely damaged in the stroke a. occipical lobes b. temporal lobes c. left hemisphere d. right hemisphere e. reticular formation

d. right hemisphere

someone trying to figure out an optical illusion is probably experiencing increased brain waves and bloodflow to which brain structure a. left hemisphere b. thalamus c. reticular formation d. right hemisphere e. medulla

d. right hemisphere

the occipital lobes are to ________ as the temporal lobes are to _________ a. hearing; sensing movement b. seeing; sensing touch c. sensing pleasure; sensing pain d. seeing; hearing e. speaking; hearing

d. seeing; hearing

which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell a. hippocampus b. amygdala c. pons d. thalamus e. medulla

d. thalamus

researchers use dichotic learning tasks to investigate right-left differences in an intact brain. in this task a different verbal stimulus is presented simultaneously to each ear. findings suggest that participants more quickly recall information heard by the right ear. this suggests that a. the right hemisphere excels in making inferences b. the left hemisphere outperforms the right in perceptual tasks c. the right hemisphere is the major hemisphere d. the left hemisphere is dominant in language processing e. to the brain, language is language

d. the left hemisphere is dominant in language processing

a picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split brain patient. at the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. in identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to a. use her left hand to point to a picture of a god b. verbally report that she saw a dog c. use her left hand to point to a picture of a boy d. verbally report that she saw a boy e. communicate that she saw a picture of a boy with a dog

d. verbally report that she was a boy

when asked to describe a picture that showed two boys stealing cookies behind a woman's back, a patient replied, "mother is away her working her work to get her better, but when she's looking the two boys looking the other part." which brain region has most likely been damaged a. broca's area b. angular gyrus c. corpus callosum d. wernike's area e. parietal lobes

d. wernike's area

which brain area is primarily involved with understanding and producing meaningful speech a. sensory cortex b. angular gyrus c. association areas d. wernike's area e. hypothalamus

d. wernike's area

the region of your cerebral cortex that most likely enalbes you to recognize a person as your own mother is a. wernike's area b. the limbic system c. the angular gyrus d. broca's area e. an association area

e. an association area

the most extensive regions of the cerebral cortex, which enable learning and memory, are called the a. reticular formation b. medulla c. sensory areas d. cerebellum e. association areas

e. association areas

ellen volunteers during her ap psychology class to try to balance a yardstick on her two fingers. while her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. however, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements a. hypothalamus b. reticular formation c. thalamus d. amygdala e. cerebellum

e. cerebellum

your conscious awareness of your own name and self- identity depends primarily on the normal function of your a. cerebellum b. amygdala c. hypothalamus d. sympathetic nervous system e. cerebral cortex

e. cerebral cortex

thinking about sex (in your brain's cerebral cortex) can stimulate a region of the liminc system to secrete hormones. these hormones trigger the pituitary gland to incluence hormones released by other glands in the body. which brain region influences the endocrine system a. hippocampus b. amygdala c. thalamus d. reticular formation e. hypothalamus

e. hypothalamus

you life yould be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the a. amygdala b. hippocampus c. angular gyrus d. corpus callosum e. medulla

e. medulla

the capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain a. tomography b. phrenology c. hemispherectomy d. aphasia e. plasticity

e. plasticity

when stoyka was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. stoyka is now a successful high school student who lives a normal life. her success best illustrates the importance of a. aphasia b. reuptake c. phrenology d. tomography e. plasticity

e. plasticity

after kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. kato is most likely to have difficulty a. experiencing intense emotions b. reading printed words c. understanding what others are saying d. tasting the flavors of foods e. playing his guitar

e. playing his guitar

which brain structure might be most active when answering the question "what do the following words have in common: plane, butter, insect?" a. amygdala b. reticular formation c. brainstem d. left hemisphere e. right hemisphere

e. right hemisphere

your ability to experience physical sensations is most likely to be discupted by damage to your a. corpus callosum b. angular gyrus c. hippocampus d. amygdala e. thalamus

e. thalamus