AP U.S. Government Chapter 9

The Founders-and George Washington in particular- thought of political parties as

"factions" motivated by ambition and self-interest.

Eugene Debs of the Socialist party won _____ of the vote in the presidential election of 1912.

6 percent

The two-party system has worked in the United States, but not in Europe, because

Americans agree on enough issues to form broad coalitions.

Which of the following countries has even fewer political parties than the United States?

China

The 2014 election produced the following outcome:

Congress was controlled completely by Republicans and the president was a Democrat.

In his Farewell Address, George Washington took this position on political parties.

He condemned political parties.

Which of the following statements regarding the Tammany Hall political machine is incorrect?

Its power was enhanced by the Hatch Act.

This Founding Father stated that, "We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists"?

Jefferson

The U.S. federal system ensures that the nation's parties are ____ than their European counterparts.

More decentralized.

Of the following statements, which is true about party machines?

Party machines are characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity.

The ______, a faction of the Republican Party, were opposed to the patronage system and favored nonpartisan elections at the city level.

Progressives

Beginning in the 1960s, the _____ became more bureaucratized, whereas the _____ became more factionalized.

Republican party, Democratic Party

The most recent independent candidate for president who was able to get on the ballot in every state was

Ross Perot.

Which of the following statements about the formula by which delegates to the nominating conventions are apportioned is correct?

The Democrats and Republicans use different formulas.

Which of the following statements about the two-party system is correct?

The United States is one of the few countries which such as system.

Americans tend to see Democrats handling this issue better than Republicans.

The economy

Which statement is incorrect?

Typically, a majority of independents vote for independent candidates.

Of the following statements, which one best describes voters relationship with political parties.

Voters are less attached to political parties today than they were a hundred years ago.

Scholars refer to a period when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties as

a critical election or realignment period

Over recent decades, research on party identification has found

an increase in independents.

In an open primary

any voter may vote for many party, but only one party.

The text argues that the central problem of the parties today is how to

appeal to moderate voters despite the parties' ideological orientation.

The Bull Moose and the La Follette Progressive parties probably encouraged the major parties to pay more attention to

business regulations.

A meeting of party followers at which convention delegates are picked is known as a

caucus.

Progressives called for electoral reforms, such as the initiative and referendum, to give

citizens a direct say in making laws.

Many strong social movements in the United States (for example, the antiwar movement of the late 1960s) never produced a significant third party. One reason is that

dissident elements were able to influence elections through party primaries and national conventions.

The Populist Party is an example of a(n)

economic-protest party.

In 1896, the realignment was driven by issues relating to

economics

The term superdelegate refers to

elected officials and party leaders who are not required to pledge themselves in advance to a presidential candidate.

The modern Republican Party

emerged as a major party only after the Civil War

The plurality electoal system in the United States means that

every party must be a broad-based coalition.

George Wallace's American Independent Party was an example of a(n)

factional party.

Scholars have identified _____ critical, or realigning, periods in American politics

five

The national party conventions meet every _____ years to nominate a presidential candidate.

four

The Libertarian and Socialist parties in the United States are examples of

ideological parties.

The classical machine-type party was developed and perfected

in the nineteenth century, before the large-scale Irish and Italian immigrants.

The disadvantage of the new primary system that has developed in the United States is that it

increases the chances that the party will nominate a candidate who is unappealing to the average voter.

The process of attracting key party and interest group figures to a candidate is the

invisible primary.

After a decade of reforms, the Democrats and Republicans have come to represent two ideologically different sets of

issue activists and party elites.

The typical convention delegate-Democratic or Republican-can best be characterized as a(n)

issue-oriented amateur.

The first organized political party in American history was

made up of the followers of Jefferson.

The Hatch Act allows federal civil service employees to

make campaign contributions.

The distinctive feature of the Jacksonian era of political parties was

mass political participation

According to the text, the national conventions have been transformed into

meetings where delegates ratify decisions made by voters.

National conventions delegates, compared with their respective party members, tend to be

more liberal if they are Democrats and more conservative if they are Republicans.

The _____ manages the day-to-day work of the party.

national chairman

Clear realignments, like the one that occured in 1932, may not occur again because

parties no longer change as dramatically, instead align gradually.

A stable, long-term attachment to a political party is a voter's

partisan identification.

National party conventions were developed as a reform to

party caucuses

In most states, candidates for office are chosen by

primary elections.

The first step in electing candidates is

selecting and convincing good candidates to run.

During the founding period of United States history, political parties could best be characterized as

small coalitions based more on geography and class than on common economic interests.

According to the Democratic Senator Barbara Mikulski, the training grounds for national political activists today are

social movements.

Despite the decline of parties, state and local parties have thrived due to

support from the national parties, better local fundraising, and recruiting from social movements are all true.

Of the following, which group is NOT a political party?

teamster

The text suggests that the decline of political machines was in part related to

the increasing education and sophistication of voters.

Current scholars question the realignment theory because

the parties are split on many issues, rather than one issue, and issues change gradually.

Elections based on plurality system discourage new parties from forming because

under this winner-takes-all system, no incentive is given for finishing second (or lower).

The purpose of the convention and primary system was to

weaken party leaders.

In Europe, the vast majority of candidates

win in the primary election.