AP US History - 1945 to 1952
Smith Act
1940 act, made it illegal to speak of or advocate overthrowing the U.S. government (used to prosecute communists)
National Security Act
1947; changed War Dept -> Dept of Defense; single budget for Dept of Defense; created NSA and CIA
Mccarran Internal Security Act
1950, communist organizations required to register, restricted thier travel and employment, vetoed by Truman
Council of Economic Advisers
A board of three professional economists was established in 1946 to advise the president on economic policy.
Douglas MacArthur
American general, who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during World War II.
People's Republic of China
China's name after Mao Zedong took over
Mao Zedong
Chinese communist leader (1893-1976)
Employment Act of 1946
Enacted by Truman, it committed the federal government to ensuring economic growth and established the Council of Economic Advisors to confer with the president and formulate policies for maintaining employment, production, and purchasing power
Alger Hiss, Rosenberng Case
Examples of the US trying to catch communist spies, regardless of privacy issues
Chiang Kai-Shek
Leader of the Chinese nationalist party, anti-communism, 1928-1948
Progressive Party (1948)
Party for which Henry Wallace ran for President,
Truman Doctrine
President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology
Fair Deal
President Truman's program of social reform, mostly didn't pass
Winston Churchill
Prime minister of Great Britain during World War II
Marshall Plan
Program of American economic assistance to rebuild Western Europe, and strength Democratic Gov't (prevent communism)
J. Strom Thurmond
Ran for president in 1948 with the Racist, States-Rights Party
Thomas Dewey
Republican presidential nominee in 1944 who failed in his effort to deny FDR a fourth term
Suburban Growth
Resulted as a desperate need for housing arose following the war; Levittown= project of 17000 family homes on Long Island, NY.
Joseph Stalin
Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)
Dennis v United States
Supreme Court upheld the Smith Act (1951)
Committee on Civil Rights
Truman bypassed the southern Democrats in key seats in Congress and established this committee to challenge racial discrimination in 1946.
Containment Policy
US policy to stop expansion of Soviet Union and Communism
World Bank
a United Nations agency created to assist developing nations by loans guaranteed by member governments
Taiwan
anti-communist island that broke away from China in 1949
Servicemn's Readjustment Act (GI Bill)
bill that gave more benefits to Veterans, allowed many to attend college, passed 1944
Kim II Sung
communist leader of North Korea, 1948-1994
Berlin Airlift
effort by the US to provide supplies to the "stranded" East Berlin, 1948-1949
US - Japanese Security Treaty
ended formal occupation of Japan, allowed for US to remain to defend againt communism
Syngman Rhee
first democratic leader of South Korea, 1948-1960
Henry Wallace
for VP FDR, ran in 1948 election as representative for Progressive party
House Un-American Activities Committee
investigated suspected Communists in US, (HUAC)
38th Parallel
line of latitude that separated North and South Korea
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
military alliance of 10 of democratic countries, 1949 (mostly W. Europe and Canda/USA)
Communist Satellites
nations effectivly run by USSR , used as "buffer states"
Taft-Hartley Act
passed 1947, tried to reduce the power of unions, Truman Vetoed
22 Amendment
presidents could only serve 2 terms, ratified in 1951
States-Rights Party (Dixiecrats)
racist party devoted to state rights
Joesph McCarthy
republican senator, accused many prominent figures of being communists "Mccarthyism"
Iron Curtain
term for the cold war barrier betwen the US and USSR
Baby Boom
the sharp increase in the US birthrate following WWII, led to Suburban Growth
Korean War
war between Communist North Korea and Democratic South Korea, resulted in a "tie" (no loses or gains)
