AP WORLD HISTORY 4.5 ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

manufacturing

turning raw materials into finished products

India

workshops of men making cotton textiles

The Atlantic System (aka Triangular Trade)

3 main legs: 1. new world to europe; only transport raw materials (mainly cash crops) 2.when get to europe they are manufactured into finished products like rum; crystalized sugar; cigar and then go to africa 3. the slaves from Africa go to new world (both N and S America)

English Setler Colonies

English--> African don't acknoldge mix

French Territorial Colonies S Lousiana/Caribbean

French--> Mulatto--> African

Santeria and Voodoo

Is an example of a syncretic religion mixing traditional Yoruba beliefs (from African slaves) with elements of Roman Catholicism.

Syncretism of Culture Examples

Language ex: Hatian Creole; impacted by African, some spanisn and mostly french Music ex: Salsa; impacted by African and Spanish Food ex: Tacos; impacted by Native Americans and Spanish

Western Europe: Putting Out System

P1 rural areas: woman make textiles out of wool and linen from sheep; just enough for their familes (Cottage System) P1 urban areas: people don't have time --> Hanseatic League P2: merchants want cheaper than what League can give them so get wool from sheepherder, give it to housewives for them to make textiles and sell it to him for lower price

Spanish Territorial Colonies Caribbean

PENINSUALRS --> CREOLE--> MULATTO (mix)--> AFRICAN/AFRICAN AMERICAN

Portuguese Territorial Colonies Brazil

PENINSULAR-->CREOLE-->MESTOZOS-->MULATTO-->NATIVE AMERICAN--> ZANBAS (african + native)-->AFRICAN

Spanish Territorial Colonies Mexico/Andes

PENINSULARS (spanish born in spain) --> CREOLE (spanish but born in america) --> MESTIZOS (mix) -->NATIVE AMERICAN

Piracy in the Caribbean Sea

Who: Europeans vs Pirates Where: Caribbean Sea Why: for money and fame; some pirates where also contracted by other Europeans to weaken the other Europeans fleet and chance of success in the new world What: over loot and over sucess in the new world

Muslim-European rivalry in the Indian Ocean

Who: Omani and Europeans Why: Competing for control of trade Where: In the Indian Ocean What: It was over Muscat and the Swahily Coast

Portuguese vs. Muslims and Venetians

Who: Portuguese vs the Ottoman and Republic of Venice Why: controlling the Indian Ocean to route trade down the Cape of Good Hope, avoiding the traditional spice route controlled by the Arabs and the Venetians through the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Mercantilism Where: Indian Ocean What: Indian Ocean control of trade

Moroccan conflict with the Songhai Empire

Who: Songhai Empire and Saadi dynasty in Morocco Why: Saadi Dynasty was bankrupt so it wanted to get control of the gold mines of the Songhai Empire which he erroneously believed were in the Songhai Empire What: control over gold mines in Songhai Empire

Joint Stock Companies

corporation to invest in voyages -gov charted it but doesn't own it -benefit gov by taxes and strong economy don't go directly to one place and come back. They act as middle men and go to many different places to sell and buy from those places and sell those things in other places (positive balance of trade)

Hanseatic League

a gruop of artisans making the same thing to sell has rules: charge same price; use same textiles rules are there so there's no competition

Religion

english want to spread protestanism and spanish Catholicism Spanish bring missionaries. build missions where missionaries would stay and bribe natives with food and medicine and convert them to christianity mexican native convert's to christianity and see a dark skinned mary speak Nahuatl. This encourages other natives to convert (Virgin of Guadalupe)

Cultures Mixing Syncretism

food, religion music and languageterm-26 your casta determine what you do and who you can marry

French Territorial Colonies N Lousiana

got furs from natives in N Lousiane so would marry alliance didn't care where you were born French-->Metis(Eur+N Ame)-->N American

China

gov sponsors workshops and loons being created to produce silk textiles

Relationship between colonies and mother country

in absolute monarchy, the monarch owns everything so all the wealt generated in his colonies are part of his wealth -the mother country only takes from its colonies

Gender and family restructuring

increasing gender imbalance-->polygyne and new roles for women women start working and getting paid (work at home only; with money buy household, luxury items) as it becomes more expensive to live in eruope focus shift form extensive to nuclear household woman value go up since bringing money

Rivalry and Conflict

lots of competition over trade routes, colonies, resources -all stems from mercantilism ex: Muslim-European Rivalry in Indian Ocean Moroccan conflict with the Songhai Empire Portuguese vs. Muslims and Venetians Piracy in the Caribbean Sea

Mercantilism

makes every state want to have colonies ideas: 1. limited amount of wealth on earth -every state is gonna try to get the most of it 2. that set amount is in the form of precius metals -mining of silver; create more colonies 'cause source of wealth 3. positive balance of trade to have most wealth -exporting more than importing

Social and Cultural Impact in the Americas

mixing and hierarchy changes new etchnicities: mestizos, mulattos, metis, zambar, creoles

Impact on Peasant Labor

more stuff needed since european trade--> more artisans needed and their labor intensified--> farmer labor intensified since population grow and less % of farmers Western Europe: wool and linen (putting out system) China: silk India: Cotton

Joint Stock Companies are also middle men

only goal: make money so choose to be middle man since it is more profitable england and polland have them since they have constitutional monarchies 2 MOST IMPORTANT British East India Company Dutch East India Company

The Silver Trade (Manila Galleon Trade Route)

spanish adaptation of Mit'A gets spain silver from mines some goes across atlantic to spain -encounter pirates and english privateers the other ships go through pacific from S America to Phillipines -port city in Phillipines, Manila, is silk entrepot so chinse ship bring silk -both ships interchange silk for silver -merchants go back to china and pay taxes and buy more silk to trade next year (chinse ship ain't supposed to be doing this since SEA BAN but gov lets them single single whip law) @THE GALLIONS FULL OF SILK either go back to S AMerica to sell to Spanyards there or -go to indian ocean, stop at Malacca for spices, stop at India for black pepper and cotton textile eventually get back to spain with a little of everything (MIDDLE MEN)