AP WORLD HISTORY 4.5 ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
manufacturing
turning raw materials into finished products
India
workshops of men making cotton textiles
The Atlantic System (aka Triangular Trade)
3 main legs: 1. new world to europe; only transport raw materials (mainly cash crops) 2.when get to europe they are manufactured into finished products like rum; crystalized sugar; cigar and then go to africa 3. the slaves from Africa go to new world (both N and S America)
English Setler Colonies
English--> African don't acknoldge mix
French Territorial Colonies S Lousiana/Caribbean
French--> Mulatto--> African
Santeria and Voodoo
Is an example of a syncretic religion mixing traditional Yoruba beliefs (from African slaves) with elements of Roman Catholicism.
Syncretism of Culture Examples
Language ex: Hatian Creole; impacted by African, some spanisn and mostly french Music ex: Salsa; impacted by African and Spanish Food ex: Tacos; impacted by Native Americans and Spanish
Western Europe: Putting Out System
P1 rural areas: woman make textiles out of wool and linen from sheep; just enough for their familes (Cottage System) P1 urban areas: people don't have time --> Hanseatic League P2: merchants want cheaper than what League can give them so get wool from sheepherder, give it to housewives for them to make textiles and sell it to him for lower price
Spanish Territorial Colonies Caribbean
PENINSUALRS --> CREOLE--> MULATTO (mix)--> AFRICAN/AFRICAN AMERICAN
Portuguese Territorial Colonies Brazil
PENINSULAR-->CREOLE-->MESTOZOS-->MULATTO-->NATIVE AMERICAN--> ZANBAS (african + native)-->AFRICAN
Spanish Territorial Colonies Mexico/Andes
PENINSULARS (spanish born in spain) --> CREOLE (spanish but born in america) --> MESTIZOS (mix) -->NATIVE AMERICAN
Piracy in the Caribbean Sea
Who: Europeans vs Pirates Where: Caribbean Sea Why: for money and fame; some pirates where also contracted by other Europeans to weaken the other Europeans fleet and chance of success in the new world What: over loot and over sucess in the new world
Muslim-European rivalry in the Indian Ocean
Who: Omani and Europeans Why: Competing for control of trade Where: In the Indian Ocean What: It was over Muscat and the Swahily Coast
Portuguese vs. Muslims and Venetians
Who: Portuguese vs the Ottoman and Republic of Venice Why: controlling the Indian Ocean to route trade down the Cape of Good Hope, avoiding the traditional spice route controlled by the Arabs and the Venetians through the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Mercantilism Where: Indian Ocean What: Indian Ocean control of trade
Moroccan conflict with the Songhai Empire
Who: Songhai Empire and Saadi dynasty in Morocco Why: Saadi Dynasty was bankrupt so it wanted to get control of the gold mines of the Songhai Empire which he erroneously believed were in the Songhai Empire What: control over gold mines in Songhai Empire
Joint Stock Companies
corporation to invest in voyages -gov charted it but doesn't own it -benefit gov by taxes and strong economy don't go directly to one place and come back. They act as middle men and go to many different places to sell and buy from those places and sell those things in other places (positive balance of trade)
Hanseatic League
a gruop of artisans making the same thing to sell has rules: charge same price; use same textiles rules are there so there's no competition
Religion
english want to spread protestanism and spanish Catholicism Spanish bring missionaries. build missions where missionaries would stay and bribe natives with food and medicine and convert them to christianity mexican native convert's to christianity and see a dark skinned mary speak Nahuatl. This encourages other natives to convert (Virgin of Guadalupe)
Cultures Mixing Syncretism
food, religion music and languageterm-26 your casta determine what you do and who you can marry
French Territorial Colonies N Lousiana
got furs from natives in N Lousiane so would marry alliance didn't care where you were born French-->Metis(Eur+N Ame)-->N American
China
gov sponsors workshops and loons being created to produce silk textiles
Relationship between colonies and mother country
in absolute monarchy, the monarch owns everything so all the wealt generated in his colonies are part of his wealth -the mother country only takes from its colonies
Gender and family restructuring
increasing gender imbalance-->polygyne and new roles for women women start working and getting paid (work at home only; with money buy household, luxury items) as it becomes more expensive to live in eruope focus shift form extensive to nuclear household woman value go up since bringing money
Rivalry and Conflict
lots of competition over trade routes, colonies, resources -all stems from mercantilism ex: Muslim-European Rivalry in Indian Ocean Moroccan conflict with the Songhai Empire Portuguese vs. Muslims and Venetians Piracy in the Caribbean Sea
Mercantilism
makes every state want to have colonies ideas: 1. limited amount of wealth on earth -every state is gonna try to get the most of it 2. that set amount is in the form of precius metals -mining of silver; create more colonies 'cause source of wealth 3. positive balance of trade to have most wealth -exporting more than importing
Social and Cultural Impact in the Americas
mixing and hierarchy changes new etchnicities: mestizos, mulattos, metis, zambar, creoles
Impact on Peasant Labor
more stuff needed since european trade--> more artisans needed and their labor intensified--> farmer labor intensified since population grow and less % of farmers Western Europe: wool and linen (putting out system) China: silk India: Cotton
Joint Stock Companies are also middle men
only goal: make money so choose to be middle man since it is more profitable england and polland have them since they have constitutional monarchies 2 MOST IMPORTANT British East India Company Dutch East India Company
The Silver Trade (Manila Galleon Trade Route)
spanish adaptation of Mit'A gets spain silver from mines some goes across atlantic to spain -encounter pirates and english privateers the other ships go through pacific from S America to Phillipines -port city in Phillipines, Manila, is silk entrepot so chinse ship bring silk -both ships interchange silk for silver -merchants go back to china and pay taxes and buy more silk to trade next year (chinse ship ain't supposed to be doing this since SEA BAN but gov lets them single single whip law) @THE GALLIONS FULL OF SILK either go back to S AMerica to sell to Spanyards there or -go to indian ocean, stop at Malacca for spices, stop at India for black pepper and cotton textile eventually get back to spain with a little of everything (MIDDLE MEN)