APA SH*T
WHY SHOUDL YOU CARE???
- Practice of scholarly communication (scholars activities guid our practice) -ethical reasons (ensuring accuracy, protecting rights of research participants , don't steal peoples work) -practical reasons (allows people to read your work in future, are able to look at the sources the helped you come to the conclusion)
Journal Titles/Subtitles:
- Use italics (and on volume numbers also) • Capitalize as shown by the journa
How to Cite a Paragraph with More Than One Source
- When synthesizing, or comparing and contrastingresearch information, you may write about commonthemes among multiple articles. Paraphrasing thethemes is acceptable and expected. You MUST citethem properly. - Example: (Lasley, 2021; Ledbetter et al., 2018; Mouser,2017; Townsend & Pratt, 2019) - Cite in alphabetical order, separated by semicolons
Reference list title- what is this work called?
- Works that are part of a greater whole(journal articles) Do not italicize title Use sentence case (write title as if youare writing a sentence) Works that stand alone (books,webpages, reports) Italicize the title Use sentence case (write title as if youare writing a sentence) Capitalize the first word following acolon Place a period after the title (unless the title ends with a question mark or exclamation point)
CITING JOURNALS citation requires the following in order
-Author or Organization Date of publication Title of article Title of journal (do not abbreviate) Volume & issue information Page range of the article Online access information (if applicable
In-text citations must do what?
-Must correspond with the reference list, gives credit to specific sentences -Briefly identifies cited work by author & date and links back toreference list.
Where can the reader retrieve cited work
-books (and online) -journals (and online) -standard websites (non-books or non-periodical)
what does paraphrasing do
-restates another ideas in your own word -allow you to effectively summarize and synthesize information from on or more sources -allows you to focus on significant information and compare and contrast relevant details -students should try to eliminate direct quotes
why would you avoid these citation websites?????????????
-they often have errors :( -errors are often inconsistent -easier to create your own damn citations
What do you do if you have questions
APA Manual Purdue Owl APA ask the instructor
Reference list
At the end of each pape r Appropriately credit scholars Cite accurately at the end of yourwork Cited consistently so future scholarscan identify and retrieve your workscited in the text Four parts (in this order) Author(s) Date Title Source
CITING WEBSITES citation requires the following in order
Author or editor (or organization) Date of publication (or n.d. if nodate) Title of the page or article used Online access informatio
CITING BOOKS Citation requires the following in order
Author or editors (or organization) Date of publication Title of book as a whole Edition or volume information (if applicable) Publisher
RULES for reference list: authors
Authors are handled the same way across all sourcetypes . Begin with the author's last name, followed by initials. (ex.Lasley, M. L.) Omit honors & distinctions and include as many initials asthe source shows. Include suffixes like Jr. or III. Author may be a group (institution, government agency,organization)
Reference List Date- when was this work published?
For this course, you only need to includethe year. Enclose the date of publication inparentheses, followed by a period . If there is no date, write (n.d.). For websites, look for date at the bottomof the webpage
narrative example
Gaines (2021) states nursing is the most trusted profession
common knowledge
Generally speaking, you canregard something as commonknowledge if you find the sameinformation undocumented in atleast five credible sources
Parenthetical example
Nursingis the most trusted profession(Gaines, 2021)
What citation software and freebies should be avoided???
PERRLA, Easybib, NoodleBib KnightCite, etc
reference list source-where can I retrieve this work
Works that are part of a greater whole(journal articles) Title of source (in italics, capitalize), Volume number (in italics) Issue number (in parentheses, no italics) Page range separated by an en dash(search how to insert en dash). DOI or URL Works that stand alone (books,webpages, reports) Books - name of publisher Webpage or report - URL Pay attention to punctuation
cite as you research and remember to make your reference citation BEFORE
attempting in-text citation
what should you avoid doing with quotations
avoid using direct quotes -ask teacher before using one and if you do use proper APA guidelines
Every sentence that contains as idea from a source MUST
have in-text citation
what can happen when writers wait to complete in-text citation and references till the end??
lead to more work and accidental problems
pronouns replace
nouns
Citations at the end of a paragraph or paper DOES NOT what
properly credit and idea
For work with one or two authors include..
the author's name(s) in every citation
for work with three or more authors include...
the name of only the first authorplus "et al." in every citation (Think of et al. as "and others")
Citations should happen DURING what
the research process
singular pronouns
they, them, their,theirs, and themselves" are permittedand considered inclusive of all people. Examples: Correct: Each nursing student turned in their clinical evaluation on time.(antecedent- nursing student; pronoun- their). Incorrect: They turned in their clinicalevaluation on time Do not use "he or "she" alone as a genericthird-person pronoun (unless gender isrelevant to the context of usage).
APA papers are to be written in
third-person (not I, me, we, our, etc)
Articles or Webpages Titles/Subtitles:
• Do not use quotation marks • Capitalize the first word & proper nouns only • Capitalize the first word following a colon
Book titles/Subtitles:
• Use italics • Capitalize the first word and proper nouns only • Capitalize the first word following a colon