APES Unit 1
commensalism
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit
Which of the following best describes a terrestrial ecosystem that will have the highest net primary productivity? A. Warm temperatures, high rainfall, and consistent sunlight B. Hot temperatures, low rainfall, and consistent sunlight C. Cold temperatures, high rainfall, and inconsistent sunlight D. Warm temperatures, low rainfall, and inconsistent sunlight
A. Warm temperatures, high rainfall, and consistent sunlight
net primary productivity
The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis.
The phosphorus cycle
The phosphates absorbed by animal tissue through consumption eventually return to the soil.
Gross primary productivity
The total rate of photosynthesis in a given area.
conversion of nitrogen gas into usable forms available to producers
nitrogen fixation
Bacteria
organism required to complete the nitrogen cycle, including the process of denitrification
Ice caps
smaller reservoirs of freshwater
nitrogen assimilation
the formation of organic nitrogen compounds like amino acids from inorganic nitrogen compounds present in the environment
Key component of the hydrologic cycle that powers the movement of water
the sun
A temperate grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3,480kilocalories/meter2/year and a net primary productivity of 2,000kilocalories/meter2/year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kilocalories/meter2/year available to herbivores in that biome?
200kilocalories/meter2/year
The majority of the nitrogen on Earth can be found in reservoirs
The atmosphere
Which terrestrial biomes have the highest primary productivity per unit area and net primary productivity
tropical rain forest
Carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time
vegetation
hydrologic cycle
water from the ocean evaporates and condenses in the atmosphere
nitrogen fixation
process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use
Carbon Cycle
processes of buffering ocean pH and photosynthesis
This rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time.
cellular respiration
Phytoplankton
trophic level that represents a primary producer in an aquatic food chain
