APES unit 7&8
What is the general nature of aquatic systems
- Saltwater and freshwater aquatic life zones cover almost three-fourths of the earth's surface, with oceans dominating the planet. - The key factors determining biodiversity in aquatic systems are temperature, dissolved oxygen content, availability of food, and availability of light and nutrients necessary for photosynthesis.
Deserts cover ___ of the earths land surface and are ___ yearly
33% increasing
What is a biome
A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms
which environment is characterized by the highest diversity of tree species
B
What are 4 examples of greenhouse gasses
Carbon Dioxide. Methane. Nitrous Oxide. Fluorinated Gases.
major factors determine how air circulates in the lower atmosphere
I, II, & III
Why are there 3 major types of biomes
They all have different latitudes, longitudes, and climate
What is the rain-shadow effect
When warm, moist air rises against high elevations of land and drops its water along the way.
What is permafrost
a thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions.
which of the following regions of the ocean is least likely to contain photosynthetic organisms
abyssal zone
all of the following are commonly used to deal with the side effects of eutrophication in lakes EXCEPT
adding nitrates
Elevation changes affect biomes generally speaking
all of the above
Traveling southward from the arctic regions of Canada to the tropics of panama one passes through several biomes
an increase in both
the underlying subsoil fo this biome is permafrost
arctic tundra
Eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of
asphyxiation from lack of oxygen
which of the below is a true statement about biomes
biomes consist of a mosaic of patches of a different communities
The MOST important factor in determining this biome is found in a particular area is
climate
the diagram below illustrates energy transfer by ___ in the atmosphere
conduction
which of the following biome sequences would appear at a similar latitude but with decreasing precipitation
deciduous forests...
most of earths deserts are approximately 30 latitude north and south this is because
descending dry air currents
the term green house effect
describes the trapping of heat energy in the atmosphere by nitrogen
how does climate affect the nature and location of biomes
differences in long-term average annual precipitation and temperature leads to the formation of tropical, temperate, and cold deserts, largely determine their locations
which of the following adaptation would you LEAST expect to find a native tropical desert animal
drinking and storing large amounts of water
Overgrazing of grasslands can lead to reduced range quality Two of the major effects of overgrazing are
erosion and desertification
Mountain biomes
have deep, rich soil
which of the following is false regarding temperate deciduous forests
have nutrient poor soil
ocean currents and air circulation are responsible for distributing
heat and nutrients
Describe 3 major types of deserts
hot and dry deserts, semi-arid, and cold deserts
How have we affected the worlds terrestrial ecosystems
in many areas, human activities are impairing services provided by the earths deserts, grasslands, forests, and mountains
which of the following is a common characteristic of lakes undergoing cultural eutrophication
increased levels of plant nutrients
Which of the following in NOT characteristic of some desert plants
large leaves
the rain-shadow effect is most likely to be produced by a
mountain
A chemical compound that can course algal bloom and cultural eutrophication in streams
nitrates
How have human activities affected marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems
no
Which of the following is a characteristic of tropical rainforests
poor in nutrients
Generally the limiting factor that determines the dominant vegetation in a biome is
precipitation
What are the 3 principles of sustainability
reliance on solar energy, biodiversity, chemical cycling
what factors influence climate
solar energy, earths rotation, global patterns of air, water movement, gasses in the atmosphere, earths surface features
4 of the following are ecological and economic services provided by inland wetlands
stopping and recharging aquifers
Describe 3 major types of grasslands
temperate grasslands, tropical grasslands, steppe grasslands
the 2 most important factors determining climate are
temperature & precipitation
Why are marine aquatic systems and freshwater ecosystems important
they are irreplaceable reservoirs of biodiversity and provide major ecological and economic services
which of the following factors is fundamentally responsible for seasons on earth
tilt of earths axis
A mature ____ has the greatest species diversity of all terrestrial biomes
tropical rainforest
this terrestrial biome has the highest net primary productivity
tropical rainforest
Describe 3 major types of forests
tropical, temperate, and boreal forests
What is the difference between weather and climate
weather is short term and climate is long term
3 major types of terrestrial ecosystem include all of the following except
wetlands
