APhA immunization Module 7
which of the following is true? a. PPSV23 should NOT be given to children less than 2 years of age b. PCV13 should not be given to children less than 2 years of age c. PCV13 is a live vaccine d. PPSV23 relies on T-cell to mount an immune response
PPSV23 should NOT be given to children less than 2 years of age Explanation: PPSV23 is an inactivated polysaccharide vaccine and work by stimulating B cells. It is T-cell independent. The immune systems of children younger than 2 years of age are not mature enough to mount a proper immune response using only B cells. Therefore, do not give this vaccine to children less than 2 years of age.
Using shared clinical decision-making, which following recommendation is most appropriate for a 68-year-old living in a skilled nursing facility with multiple co-morbid conditions? This patient has received a previous dose of PCV13 at age 65 and PPSV23 at age 66. A. Consider PCV20 at age 71 B. PCV20 now C. PCV15 now D. PPSV23 in 8 weeks
Consider PCV20 at age 71
A 14-year-old recently underwent a splenectomy. The person only received the complete PCV13 series as a child. According to the CDC, which of the following vaccines should be recommended? a. PPSV23 now, followed by PPSV23 in 5 years b. PCV20 now followed by PCV15 in 8 weeks c. PCV15 now, or PCV20 now followed by PPSV23 1 yr later d. PCV15 now, followed by PPSV23 in 5 years
PPSV23 now, followed by PPSV23 in 5 years Explanation: For persons aged 6-18 years with a history of sickle cell disease and any number of previous PCV doses, the recommendation is for 2 doses of PPSV23. The first dose is given at least 8 weeks after the most recent dose of PCV. The second dose of PPSV23 is 5 years after the first dose of PPSV23.
How is Streptococcus pneumoniae transmitted? Direct contact with open wound Fecal-oral route Spores in the environment Respiratory droplets or secretions
Respiratory Droplets or secretions Explanation: S. pneumoniae can be transmitted in several ways. It is typically transmitted from one person to another person via airborne respiratory droplets or by direct contact with infected respiratory secretions.
For which of the following conditions would PPSV23 be recommended today, assuming the following patients had no prior pneumococcal vaccines aside from the routine pediatric series? a. healthy 67 yr old who received PCV15 1 year ago b. Healthy 68 yr old who received PCV20 1 year ago c. 54 yr old initiating second medication for hypertension d. 45 yr old with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus
a. healthy 67 yr old who received PCV15 1 year ago Explanation: PPSV23 should be administered at least one year after a dose of PCV15. This is for immunocompetent people at high risk or over the age of 65 years. In patients with newly diagnosed chronic health conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, the conjugated vaccine should be given first, either PCV20 or PCV15 followed by PPSV23. Hypertension is not considered a chronic heart condition for purposes of pneumococcal recommendations.
A healthy 70-year-old female who received PPSV23 at 66-years of age is inquiring about pneumococcal vaccination. Her pneumococcal conjugate vaccine history is unknown. Which of the following should you recommend? a. PCV13 NOW b. PCV15 OR PCV20 NOW c. PPSV23 IN 1 YEAR d. PCV15 AND THEN PPSV23 1 YEAR LATER
b. PCV15 OR PCV20 NOW Explanation: Patient was previously vaccinated with PPSV23 after 65 years, should receive either one dose of PCV20 or one dose of PCV15, at least 1 year after the dose of PPSV23. If PCV15 is used, it is not necessary to repeat the PPSV23 dose.
