APHG UNIT 6

A land use typically excluded from a North American CBD is a. public administration and services b. retail c. office d. legal e. industrial

E. Industrial

According to the rank-size rule, which of the following is typically true of higher-order services, such as hospitals with a large number of medical specialties? a. They have larger ranges and thresholds. b. They have smaller ranges and thresholds. c. They are located in suburbs. d. They are located in small towns. e. They have larger ranges and smaller thresholds.

They have larger ranges and thresholds.

How does redlining create barriers for urban renewal? a. It stops people from purchasing and renovating homes because they cannot get loans from a bank. b. It forces some homeowners to sell their home to the government if the city is practicing eminent domain.. c. None of the above correctly explain redlining. d. It causes homeowners to sell their homes because they are concerned that the property values are going to go down in the future. e. It allows people to subdivide homes into smaller units designed to be rented out to others.

a. It stops people from purchasing and renovating homes because they cannot get loans from a bank.

Which of the following best explains what the concentric zone model and bid-rent curve illustrate about patterns of urban areas? a. Together they show how rents for apartments drop precipitously closer to the central business district. b. Together they show how housing prices rise exponentially in rural areas. c. Together they show how rents for commercial office space rise exponentially on the urban periphery. d. Together they show how land prices rise exponentially closer to the central business district. e. Together they show how rents for agricultural land rise exponentially farther from cities.

a. Together they show how rents for apartments drop precipitously closer to the central business district.

Based on a comparison of commercial space and residential housing, the Burgess concentric zone model shown best represents which of the following patterns? a. Urban growth in Midwestern cities such as Chicago during the Industrial Era, where suburban growth rings surrounded a single central business district with higher land prices. b. Suburban growth in Southeastern cities in the late twentieth century, because the model was based on Atlanta where gated residential communities are found on the urban periphery in areas with lower land prices c. High-income housing within West Coast cities during the late 1800s, because the model was based on ethnic neighborhoods in San Francisco that formed distinct sectors in areas with higher land prices d. Mixed-use urban development in East Coast cities such as New York City with service and technology economies, where residential gentrification occurs near the central business district in areas with lower land prices e. Urban land use in large Canadian cities with service and technology economies, where specialized suburban central business districts with higher land prices are found on the urban periphery

a. Urban growth in Midwestern cities such as Chicago during the Industrial Era, where suburban growth rings surrounded a single central business district with higher land prices

A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement? a. clustered rural. b. primordial c. linear rural d. dispersed rural e. urban

a. clustered rural

If a country's largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest city has 200,000 inhabitants, the country follows what distribution rule? a. primate city b. equidistant Selected: c. rank-size d. economic base e. central place

a. primate city

European CBDs are similar to those in North America because they both contain a. retail and office activities b. large numbers of skyscrapers c. structures from medieval times d. narrow, winding street patterns e. extensive residential areas

a. retail and office activities

Although gentrification can revitalize cities by rehabilitating residential areas, which of the following problems can be explained by the type of building renovations shown in the before and after images? a. Disuse changing areas into zones of abandonment b. Higher rents causing displacement of existing residents. c. New buildings causing environmental sustainability issues d. Unfair real estate practices resulting in housing and insurance discrimination cases e. More parking leading to decreased public transportation use

b. Higher rents causing displacement of existing residents

Given the level of development of the countries and the population densities of the cities shown in the table, which is the most likely location for low-income migrants to take up residence in these urban areas? a. Industrial zones b. The outlying areas. c. The central business district d. Public housing complexes e. Infills within old neighborhoods

b. The outlying areas

According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby a. residences and highways b. hotels and warehouses. c. hospitals and clinics d. retail and wholesale shops e. universities and colleges

b. hotels and warehouses

Most people in the world live in what type of settlement? a. agricultural. b. urban c. clustered rural d. suburban e. dispersed rural

b. urban

Which of the following scenarios is best explained by the concept of range in Christaller's central place theory? a. A consumer purchases a home in the suburbs rather than in the nearest city because the cost of land is lower in the suburbs. b. A tech company is headquartered in a more developed country, but its customer service center is located in a less developed country. c. A consumer purchases gasoline at the nearest town but travels to the nearest city to purchase a new car. d. A major department store opens in a small town because the town does not have any major retailers competing for business. e. A high rate of rural-to-urban migration occurs in a developing country as people seek jobs in cities.

c. A consumer purchases gasoline at the nearest town but travels to the nearest city to purchase a new car.

Traffic congestion is a common feature of major Southeast Asian cities. Which of the following is a possible solution that a city or regional government could implement to alleviate traffic congestion and improve the city's urban sustainability? a. The government could enact laws to limit growth within the city, including the construction of high-rise office buildings. b. The government could enact laws to limit external influence in the form of foreign-owned stores and businesses. c. The government could significantly expand the availability and use of more environmentally friendly mass transit that utilizes renewable resources. d. The government could enact laws that would prohibit the migration of people from nearby rural areas into the city. e. The government could enact laws that would prohibit the development of features such as rooftop gardens and urban agriculture.

c. The government could significantly expand the availability and use of more environmentally friendly mass transit that utilizes renewable resources.

Which of the following is a true statement about classic models of city structure? a. The central business district has the most dominant position in the multiple nuclei model.This answer is incorrect. b. The multiple nuclei model and the sector model are similar in that they both have only one core. c. The sector model is highly influenced by transportation systems. d. The concentric zone model does not have a transitional area. e. The interaction between the central city and the suburbs is greatest in the urban realm model.

c. The sector model is highly influenced by transportation systems.

The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent the market area in the central place theory is a. an octagon. b. a circle. c. a hexagon. d. a square. e. a pentagon.

c. a hexagon.

Compared to the United States, low income residents in European cities are more likely to be a. dispersed throughout the city b. represented fairly through all regions c. clustered in suburbs d. clustered in inner-city neighborhoods e. distributed uniformly in the city

c. clustered in suburbs

Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity? a. gas station b. grocery store. c. steel mill d. travel agency e. health clinic

c. steel mill

Which of the following changes in transportation contributed to suburbanization? a. The creation of the streetcar system b. The building of the interstate highway system c. The implementation of toll roads and bridges d. A and B are correct. e. A, B, and C are correct

d. A and B are correct

Which of the following is a characteristic of both European and U.S. urban areas? a. A high percentage of commuters using public transportation. b. Wide streets organized in a grid pattern. c. Intensive land use with many skyscrapers. d. A higher population density closer to the city center. e. All of the above are characteristics of U.S. and European cities.

d. A higher population density closer to the city center.

Compared to the patterns shown in urban models of the United States and Canada, the Latin American city model best explains which of the following patterns? a. Plazas are increasingly being built along peripheral areas. b. Gentrification has greatly improved housing along peripheral areas. c. Manufacturing districts are adjacent to the center of the city. d. Income levels and land values increase toward the center of the city and along the spine. e. Squatter settlements are rapidly shrinking in the periphery and increasing in the central city.

d. Income levels and land values increase toward the center of the city and along the spine.

Which of the following is true of an edge city? a. It is an outlet for a region's trade. b. It is located on the edge of a lake, river, or other physical feature. c. It is close to bankruptcy. d. It has a large amount of recently developed retail and office space. e. It is increasingly used for heavy industry.

d. It has a large amount of recently developed retail and office space.

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of world cities? a. They have political dominance within their respective regions and are former centers of colonial power.This answer is incorrect. b. They are capital cities in their respective countries and centers of political power. c. They have historical significance on a global scale and are located within early cultural hearths. d. They are financially and politically connected to global markets and drive the process of globalization. e. They are located in the interiors of their respective countries and require sophisticated transportation networks.

d. They are financially and politically connected to global markets and drive the process of globalization.

The construction of makeshift housing in a country within the periphery, as shown in the photograph, is often the result of a. natural disasters that moved through the area, damaging homes b. too few schools and an increasing number of informal labor market jobs for children c. government housing projects that were neglected as a result of government corruption d. an increasing number of industrial jobs available in a city without adequate housing e. an increasing number of service-sector jobs available only to workers who have been highly educated

d. an increasing number of industrial jobs available in a city without adequate housing

The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by: a. low wages and desperate conditions. b. low wages and geographic situational factors. c. the wide use of English and the large number of working students. d. low wages and wide use of English. e. Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors.

d. low wages and wide use of English.

Which of the following statements regarding employment trends in the United States is correct? a. Only a small part of employment growth has taken place in the tertiary (services) sector. b. Employment in the healthcare portion of consumer services has remained constant. c. The number of people employed in transportation and finance has decreased. d. Most of the growth in employment has taken place in professional services. e. Employment in the primary and secondary sectors has increased since 1970.

e. Employment in the primary and secondary sectors has increased since 1970.

An area with a substantial amount of low-income residents and poor access to a grocery store is known as a _____. a. Sector neighborhood b. Central city c. Zone of transition d. Edge city e. Food desert

e. Food desert

Which of the following is a general theory in geography that can be used to quantify and predict the interaction between two cities based on population sizes, distance between the places, the number of migrants moving from one place to the other, or the flow of trade goods between the two locations? a. Central place theory b. Multiple nuclei model c. Concentric zone model d. World system theory. e. Gravity model

e. Gravity model

The cities in this chart, all located within the same country, represent what geographic factor? a. Primate city rule b. Dispersed settlements c. Urban hierarchy d. Centralization e. Rank-size rule

e. Rank-size rule

The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is the: a. hinterland/ market area b. median c. threshold d. meridian e. range

hinterland/ market area