APUSH ch 15 quiz

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South? A A major redistribution of land ownership B A diversification of crops C A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers D A rise in cotton yields per acre from antebellum production levels E The termination of the control exerted by White landowners of former slaves

A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

During Reconstruction, which of following was a change that took place in the South? A Many African Americans found manufacturing employment. B Many White Southerners supported African Americans' rights. C African Americans favored the Democratic Party. D African Americans were able to exercise political rights

African Americans were able to exercise political rights

In the late nineteenth century, state governments in the South were largely successful in restricting A African Americans' voting rights guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment B the power of the Democratic Party in the region C state laws allowing married women to own property D corruption in the federal government E antitrust laws regarding textile manufacturing

African Americans' voting rights guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment

"After [the Confederate surrender at] Appomattox the South's political leaders saw themselves entering an era of revolutionary changes imposed by the national government, which many viewed as an outside power. Continuing a long pattern of American . . . behavior, many whites found an outlet for their frustration by attacking those deemed responsible for their suffering: white Republicans and blacks. . . . "Frustrated at their inability to bring their states back to Democratic control, some southerners turned to the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist organizations, using terrorism to eliminate opposition leaders and to strike fear into the hearts of rank-and-file Republicans, both black and white. . . . "[Violence] in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina exposed the impotence of the Republican party in the South and the determination of Democrats to defeat their opponents by any means necessary. T

After 1877 Democrats in the South legislated restrictions on the ability of African Americans to vote.

"After [the Confederate surrender at] Appomattox the South's political leaders saw themselves entering an era of revolutionary changes imposed by the national government, which many viewed as an outside power. Continuing a long pattern of American . . . behavior, many whites found an outlet for their frustration by attacking those deemed responsible for their suffering: white Republicans and blacks. . . . "Frustrated at their inability to bring their states back to Democratic control, some southerners turned to the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist organizations, using terrorism to eliminate opposition leaders and to strike fear into the hearts of rank-and-file Republicans, both black and white. . . . "[Violence] in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina exposed the impotence of the Republican party in the South and the determination of Democrats to defeat their opponents by any means necessary. T

Both focus on many Southerners' opposition to racial equality.

"Since the surrender of the armies of the confederate States of America a little has been done toward establishing the Government upon true principles of liberty and justice; and but a little if we stop here. We have broken the material shackles of four million slaves. We have unchained them, from the stake so as to allow them locomotion, provided they do not walk in paths which are trod by white men. . . . But in what have we enlarged their liberty of thought? In what [ways] have we taught them the science and granted them the privilege of self-government? . . . "Unless the rebel states, before admission, should be made republican in spirit, and placed under the guardianship of loyal men, all our blood and treasure will have been spent in vain. . . . There is more reason why [African American] voters should be admitted in the rebel states. . . . In the states they form the great mass of the loyal men. Possibly with

Democrats dominated the Southern states after suppressing African American voting rights.

"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America's inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I." David W. Blight, historian, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, 2001 Which of the following best explains the

Efforts to change southern racial attitudes and culture ultimately failed because of the South's determined resistance and the North's waning resolve.

Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "Redeemer" administrations? A Participation by both Whites and African Americans in local government B Establishment of a public school system C Election of African American majorities to state legislatures D Establishment of a vigorous Republican Party in the South E Opening of public facilities to African Americans

Establishment of a public school system

Which of the following statements best summarizes the views of Andrew Johnson on Reconstruction? A He believed that Reconstruction was an executive branch matter and sought the rapid restoration of the former Confederate states to the Union. B He supported the idea of the president and Congress sharing power and believed in a stringent plan of Reconstruction. C He believed that both secession and Reconstruction should be dealt with by the Supreme Court D He slowly moved to a Radical Republican position on Reconstruction and supported increased rights for African Americans. E He refused to take a position on Reconstruction, prompting Republicans to impeach him for his irresponsibility.

He believed that Reconstruction was an executive branch matter and sought the rapid restoration of the former Confederate states to the Union.

"After [the Confederate surrender at] Appomattox the South's political leaders saw themselves entering an era of revolutionary changes imposed by the national government, which many viewed as an outside power. Continuing a long pattern of American . . . behavior, many whites found an outlet for their frustration by attacking those deemed responsible for their suffering: white Republicans and blacks. . . . "Frustrated at their inability to bring their states back to Democratic control, some southerners turned to the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist organizations, using terrorism to eliminate opposition leaders and to strike fear into the hearts of rank-and-file Republicans, both black and white. . . . "[Violence] in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina exposed the impotence of the Republican party in the South and the determination of Democrats to defeat their opponents by any means necessary. T

Rable asserts that violence in the South achieved its political goals during Reconstruction, whereas Foner asserts that this violence was suppressed at the time.

"After [the Confederate surrender at] Appomattox the South's political leaders saw themselves entering an era of revolutionary changes imposed by the national government, which many viewed as an outside power. Continuing a long pattern of American . . . behavior, many whites found an outlet for their frustration by attacking those deemed responsible for their suffering: white Republicans and blacks. . . . "Frustrated at their inability to bring their states back to Democratic control, some southerners turned to the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist organizations, using terrorism to eliminate opposition leaders and to strike fear into the hearts of rank-and-file Republicans, both black and white. . . . "[Violence] in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina exposed the impotence of the Republican party in the South and the determination of Democrats to defeat their opponents by any means necessary. T

Southern resistance hindered Reconstruction.

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The provision above overturned the A Alien and Sedition Acts B Chinese Exclusion Act C Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford D Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland E Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia

Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford

Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877? A The freed slaves had been successfully integrated into Southern society. B The treaty ending the Civil War had set such a time limit. C Most of the politically active Black people had left the South for Northern cities. D The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election. E The United States needed the troops stationed in the South to confront the French in Mexico

The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election.

"Since the surrender of the armies of the confederate States of America a little has been done toward establishing the Government upon true principles of liberty and justice; and but a little if we stop here. We have broken the material shackles of four million slaves. We have unchained them, from the stake so as to allow them locomotion, provided they do not walk in paths which are trod by white men. . . . But in what have we enlarged their liberty of thought? In what [ways] have we taught them the science and granted them the privilege of self-government? . . . "Unless the rebel states, before admission, should be made republican in spirit, and placed under the guardianship of loyal men, all our blood and treasure will have been spent in vain. . . . There is more reason why [African American] voters should be admitted in the rebel states. . . . In the states they form the great mass of the loyal men. Possibly with

The creation of schools by the Freedmen's Bureau for formerly enslaved people

"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America's inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I." David W. Blight, historian, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, 2001 Which of the following best characterizes

The federal government removed troops from the South and eliminated aid for former slaves.

Which of the following occurred during Radical Reconstruction? A The passage of the Black Codes B A permanent shift of Southern voters to the Republican Party C The creation of a new industrial base in a majority of Southern states D The formation of the Ku Klux Klan E Widespread redistribution of confiscated land to former slaves

The formation of the Ku Klux Klan

Which of the following best describes the situation of freedom in the decade following the Civil War? A Each was given 40 acres of land and a mule by the Union government. B All were immediately granted political equality by the Emancipation Proclamation. C The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters. D They were required to pass a literacy test before being granted United States citizenship. E They supported the passage of Black codes to ensure their economic and political rights.

The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters or other nearby planters.

Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War? A The restoration of the power of the federal judiciary B The legality of the national banking system C The political and legal status of the former Confederate states D The relationship between the United States and Britain E The proposed annexation of Columbia

The political and legal status of the former Confederate states

Which of the following was true of the 1873 Slaughterhouse Cases and the 1883 Civil Rights cases? A They weakened the protections given to African Americans under the Fourteenth Amendment. B They weakened the protections given to women under the Fourteenth Amendment. C They were reversed in Plessy v. Ferguson. D They were concerned with the constitutionality of the Emancipation Proclamation. E They were deplored by President Grant.

They weakened the protections given to African Americans under the Fourteenth Amendment.

The cartoon above is intended to express A a critique of Reconstruction B opposition to women's rights C opposition to states' rights D support for strong government E opposition to the draft

a critique of Reconstruction

"Americans faced an overwhelming task after the Civil War and emancipation: how to understand the tangled relationship between two profound ideas—healing and justice.... [T]hese two aims never developed in historical balance. One might conclude that this imbalance between outcomes of sectional healing and racial justice was simply America's inevitable historical condition....But theories of inevitability...are rarely satisfying.... The sectional reunion after so horrible a civil war was a political triumph by the late nineteenth century, but it could not have been achieved without the resubjugation of many of those people whom the war had freed from centuries of bondage. This is the tragedy lingering on the margins and infesting the heart of American history from Appomattox to World War I." David W. Blight, historian, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, 2001 One key change immediately following the

establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights

The situation depicted in the image best serves as evidence of the A expansion of federal power B decline of an agrarian economy C increase in sectional divisions D institutionalization of racial segregation

expansion of federal power

In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had A a better-developed transportation system B a better-educated White population C less interest in evangelical religion D fewer European immigrants E more cities

fewer European immigrants

After the Civil War, women reformers and former abolitionists were divided over A creation of a sharecropping system in the South B legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males C use of military forces to keep order in the South D reliance on female workers in Northern factories E redemption of greenback dollars for gold currency

legislation that ensured the voting rights of African American males

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measured EXCEPT the A enactment of Black Codes by southern legislatures B outbreak of race riots in New Orleans and Memphis C massive exodus of former slaves from the South D election of former Confederates to Congress E response of southern legislatures to the Fourteenth Amendment

massive exodus of former slaves from the South

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to A close public schools to the children of former slaves B promote the return of former slaves to Africa C enable Black citizens to vote in federal elections D place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people E further the integration of southern society

place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with A protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Johnson B protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves C ending slavery D guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote E establishing the Freedmen's Bureau

protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

During Reconstruction, a major economic development in the South was the A creation of large commercial and banking centers B spread of sharecropping C rise of large-scale commercial farming D decline of the textile industry E emergence of the cotton economy

spread of sharecropping

The image most strongly supports the argument that Reconstruction A led to the unfair punishment of White Southerners by the North B encouraged large-scale rebellions by former slaves C involved unconstitutional abuses of government power D temporarily altered race relations in the South

temporarily altered race relations in the South

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established A the freedom of all slaves not emancipated under Abraham Lincoln's proclamation B federal protection for African Americans from Ku Klux Klan terrorism C the right of citizenship for any person born in the United States D that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude E the power of the federal government to intervene in state affairs to protect individual liberties

that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in A the withdrawal of federal troops from the South B apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives by state population C the implementation of the first income tax D government subsidies for American Indians who agreed to submit to reservation life E the establishment of stricter regulations on immigration

the withdrawal of federal troops from the South