APUSH Ch. 17 & 18 Test
Two Concepts that allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth & power
"living wage" & "an American standard of living"
This started to restrict membership to only skilled workers
AFL, American federation of labor
Margaret Sanger
Advertised birth control in writing & opened a clinic helping Jews & Italians
Supporters of the Anti-Imperialist League believed
American energies should be directed at home, not abroad.
Fuel for American Expansionism after the 1890s
Americans were increasingly aware of themselves as an emerging world power
Ellis Island of the West
Angel Island
Louis Brandeis
Appointed to Supreme Court by Woodrow Wilson, active ally of labor movement
Feminism
Attack sexual behaviors
16th Amendment
Authorized Congress to enact a graduated national income tax.
Muckrakers
Believe corporate greed undermines traditional American values. Journalistic skills to expose the underside of American life.
Founder of the Society of the American Indians & his cause
Carlos Montezuma, promote discussion of the plight of Native Americans in the hope that public exposure would be the first step toward remedying injustice
Chinese Exlusion Act of 1882
Congress temporarily excluded immigrants from China to U.S.
They wanted to improve conditions through cooperatives
Farmers' Alliance
She advocated for the working poor
Florence Kelley/Jane Addams
Scientific Management
Frederick W. Taylor - program sought to streamline production & boost profits by systematically controlling costs & work practices
After 1900 the Women's Suffrage movement included both these classes of women
From elitists to middle-class, mass movement
What cause didn't the Progressives go after
Minorities and racial issues
Main difference between New Nationalism & New Freedom
New Nationalism = trust bust, Roosevelt than New Freedom = regulations, Wilson
Yellow Journalists
Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories, sensationalized, nationalism Make money they keep you scared and interested Made Americans want war William Randolph Hearst - "You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the war"
Results of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Organize unions and safety regulations
The Philippine War vs Spanish-American War
Philippine War was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American
Teller Amendment
This Amendment was drafter by Henry M. Teller which declared that the US had no desire for control in Cuba & pledged the US would leave the island alone.
New Freedom? (1912)
REGULATED; Envisioned federal government strengthening antitrust laws & protecting workers
Candidates in 1912 election
Taft, Roosevelt, Democrat Woodrow Wilson, and Socialist Eugene V. Debs
Conservation President; helped striking miners & was known as a trust buster
Teddy Roosevelt
The three progressive presidents
Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and Woodrow Wilson
Ran for president in 1896 under the free silver platform
William Jennings Bryan
This President signed into law the Keating-Owen Act
Woodrow Wilson
Author whose book inspired two acts to change the food industry
Upton Sinclair (The Jungle Book - Pure food and Drug Act & Meat Inspection of 1906)
Lynching
a public killing/execution, usually by a group (to black men)
Problem with electoral reform during the Progressive Era
a significant reversal of the idea that voting was an inherent right of American citizenship
The "Age of Empire" & American racial attitudes
a time of worldwide concern about immigration, race relations, and the "white man's burden," all of which inspired a global sense of fraternity among "Anglo-Saxon" nations.
Scab
a worker who crosses the picket line during a strike
Samuel Gompers used the idea of freedom of contact to
argue against interference by judges with workers' rights to organize unions
Candidate McKinley favored
industry, tariffs, & gold standard
Vaudeville
live theatrical entertainment of numerous short acts - song/dance, comedy, acrobats, magicians, & animals
20 years after Reconstruction, African Americans
lost everything they had earned, second class citizens
What happened to African American men at the end of the 19th century
lost political power, gave some power to women
Ludlow Massacre
militia attack on immigrants strikers; killed 20-30 men/women/children
Nickelodeons
motion picture theaters whose five-cent admission charge was far lower than at vaudeville shows
WCTU moved to a push for this, away from original push
moved from demanding the prohibition of alcoholic beverages to a comprehensive program of economic and political reform, including the right to vote
Eugene V. Debs
national debate on relationship between political and economical freedom
Redeemers
people in South who tried to overthrow black rule after their loss in Civil War
Progressivism
political movement of individuals & groups who helped to bring about significant change in American social & political life; business men, labor activists, female reform organizations, middle class, etc.
Ways in which southerns eliminated black voting
poll taxes, literacy tests, intimidation, grandfather clause
Plessy v. Ferguson
separation of blacks did not violate 14th Amendment
People's Party (Populist) came out of
the Farmer's Alliance
Result of the Spanish-American War for - gains
the United States became the ruler of a far-flung overseas empire - Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam
What was the silver issue
the advocated wanted unlimited coinage of silver into money on demand; this would inflate the prices farmers would receive for their crops. Farmers were pro, banks against.
Fordism
the economic system based on mass production and mass consumption
Kansas Exodus
the mass movement of African Americans from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas, first general migration of blacks following the Civil War, seeking equality
What had to happen in order to create National Parks
the removal of Indians who hunted and fished there as well as the reintroduction of animals that had previously disappeared
New immigrants lived in these after arriving in early years of the twentieth century
tight knit communities
Immigration Restriction League wanted
to reduce immigration by barring illiterate
With a white north & south move to reconciliation, how was the Civil War started to be remembered?
tragic family quarrel among white Americans where blacks played no part
In the Pullman Strike of 1894 how were the federal troops used
trying to suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners
Argument by Supreme Court in Muller v. Oregon
unanimously upheld the constitutionality of an Oregon law setting maximum working hours for women
Booker T. Washington in his Atlanta Speech of 1895 - went along with his thoughts on the subject
urged blacks to adjust to segregation & abandon agitation for civil & political rights
The New South promoted Henry Grady
white supremacy, industry growth, northern investment, diversified farming
1900 working women usually worked in this industry
garment & domestic labor
Socialist Party by 1912
have enough power to have candidates in Presidential election
In the "Insular Cases" the Supreme Court
held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories recently acquired by the United States—a significant limitation of the scope of American freedom
Asian & Mexican immigrants in the early years of the twentieth century ended up...
in San Gabriel Valley of California: citrus growers searching for cheap labor
IWW
Industrial Workers of the World: Partrade/Union wanted seize production & abolish state
The Populist Platform
called for public ownership of railroads; businesses; graduated income tax; popular vote of senators
Pillar of stability for immigrants
church
NAWSA argument for women voting
extending the vote to native-born white women would help to counteract the growing power of the "ignorant foreign vote" in the North and the dangerous potential for a second Reconstruction in the South
Who supported Maternalist reform
feminists and traditionalist
Election of 1896
first modern presidential campaign