APUSH Chapter 14

Prior to instituting a draft, the Union was able to recruit nearly 1,000,000 men to serve in the army in what way?

By paying them a $600 cash bounty

How did African Americans precipitate the adoption of the policy of emancipation?

By slaves escaping across Union lines

Which announcement by Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves in the rebellious states and gave the war a moral and political purpose?

Emancipation Proclamation

Which act sparked opposition and violence in the North in 1863?

Enrollment Act

Which federal military installation was attacked by the South at the start of the Civil War in 1861?

Fort Sumter

Who commanded the Union troops at the Battle of Gettysburg?

George G. Meade

Why did Abraham Lincoln reject General Winfield Scott's plan for the war early in 1861?

He found it to be not aggressive enough.

How did Abraham Lincoln respond to the secession of six states before he became president?

He stood firm in his commitment to the Union and left little room for negotiation with the secessionists.

What was a result of General Ulysses S. Grant's campaign in Virginia in the spring and summer of 1864?

It caused severe casualties for both armies but did not end the war.

How did Abraham Lincoln view the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation?

It changed the war into one of subjugation and destruction of the Old South.

What was the significance of the assault on Fort Wagner by the 54th Massachusetts Infantry?

It convinced Union officers of the value of black soldiers.

Why was Maryland a strategic location that Abraham Lincoln was determined to keep in the Union?

It covered the nation's capital on three sides.

What statement characterizes the federal government during the Civil War?

It grew in power and centralized authority.

Why was Vicksburg an important target for the Union armies?

Its capture would cut the Confederacy in half at the Mississippi River.

Which senator backed a last-ditch effort to forge a compromise between the North and the South in early 1861?

John J. Crittenden

What did the Confederacy rely upon to provide income to fund the war effort?

King Cotton

Why was General George B. McClellan relieved of his command of the Army of the Potomac by Abraham Lincoln in 1862?

Lincoln thought McClellan lacked the nerve to use his troops to achieve a major victory.

What justification did Abraham Lincoln give for announcing the emancipation policy?

Military necessity

What group of northerners was most likely to support the war effort?

Native-born Republicans

Which southern city did U.S. Admiral David Farragut capture in 1862?

New Orleans

In July 1863, hostility to the draft, especially among Irish and German immigrants, erupted into five days of violent rioting and murder in what city?

New York City

In 1864, Ulysses S. Grant sent troops under which general to punish Shenandoah Valley residents for supplying Confederate troops?

Philip Sheridan

The victory of which political party in 1860 threatened southern whites?

Republican

What battle induced the Confederacy to institute a draft?

Shiloh

What was the "great truth" that Confederate vice president Alexander Stephens said was the "cornerstone" of the Confederacy?

Slavery was the natural condition of African Americans.

Which state was the first to secede from the Union?

South Carolina

Why did the Confederacy not achieve a more effective economic program?

States' rights philosophy left most power with the state governments.

Which naval vessel did the Confederacy use to sink over one hundred Union merchant ships?

The Alabama

What loophole of the South's draft was controversial?

The ability of draftees to hire substitutes

In the South, women worked as civil servants in what part of the Confederate government?

The postal service

According to Abraham Lincoln, why was secession illegal?

The union was "perpetual."

What strategy did Abraham Lincoln formulate early in the Civil War?

To try to end the war with a quick victory

The Civil War marked the beginning of modern funeral practices with the introduction of

new embalming techniques.

In 1862, which Union naval officer took New Orleans, opening the Mississippi River to Union control?

David Farragut