APUSH- Reconstruction - Gilded Age Multiple Choice Practice

During the Gilded Age, which of he following groups generally voted Republican? A. Black northerners B. Southern Protestant farmers C. Roman Catholic immigrants D. Unskilled wage earners E. Confederate war veterans

A

During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, farmers complained about all of the following EXCEPT A. Rising commodity prices B. High interest chargers C. High freight rates D. High storage costs E. Large middleman profits

A

The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following? A. Upheld segregated railroad facilities B. Declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional C. Upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections D. Outlawed segregation in public schools E. Restricted the right to purchase or sell land

A

The American Federation of Labor under the leadership of Samuel Gompers organized A. Skilled workers in craft unions in order to achieve economic gains B. All industrial and agricultural workers in "one big union" C. Unskilled workers along industrial lines D. Workers and intellectuals into a labor party for political action E. Workers into a fraternal organization to provide unemployment and old-age benefits

A

The Dawes Act (1887) did which of the following? A. Divided Native American tribal lands into individual holdings B. Promoted the preservation of Native American cultural identity C. Granted immediate citizenship to Native Americans D. Set up the reservation system E. Forbade the use of Native American languages in public schools

A

The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late 19th and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the following A. Strengthened the position of big business B. Strengthened the regulatory power of the federal powers of the federal gov'y C. Strengthened the position of organized labor D. Protected the civil and political rights of African Americans E. Protected the civil and political rights of women

A

The era from the end of the Civil War to the outbreak of the First World War was characterized by A. Periodic economic panic and depression B. Uninterrupted economic growth C. A sluggish economy except during times of mobilization for war D. Persistent inflation because of the influx of gold and silver into the economy E. The emergence of large federal deficits

A

The intent of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to A. Assimilate American Indians into the mainstream of American culture B. Recognize and preserve the tribal cultures of American Indian s C. Legally establish the communal nature of American Indian landholding D. Restore to American Indians land seized unjustly E. Remove all American Indians to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma)

A

Which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s A. Its policy of organizing only skilled craftsmen B. Its organization of all workers within a single industry into one union C. Its policy of racial inclusiveness D. Its campaign for a minimum wage E. Its active recruitment of immigrant workers

A

Which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890? A. It had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations B. It quickly limited the number of mergers taking place C. It led to federal control of the railroads D. It force businesses to adopt pooling arrangements E. It ended effective cooperation between business and the federal gov't

A

Which of the following labor organizations endorsed the philosophy of "bread and butter" unionism by concentrating on demands for higher wages, shorter hours, and improved work conditions?

American Federation of Labor

All of the following contributed to the decline of open-range cattle ranching at the end of the nineteenth century EXCEPT A. Excessively cold winters B. Federal recognition of American Indian land claims C. A drop in cattle prices at stockyards D. Overgrazing E. Production of crops for distant markets

B

Between 1870 and 1900, farmers did all of the following in an attempt to better their condition EXCEPT A. Seek state regulation of railways B. Limit production of crops C. Organize cooperative marketing societies D. Form a third political party E. Advocate inflation of the currency

B

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with A. Protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Jackson B. Protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves C. Ending slavery D. Guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote E. Establishing the Freedmen's Bureau

B

In the period 1890-1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT A. Voting rights previously gained were denied through changes in state laws and constitutions B. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) endorsed the Back-to-Africa movement C. African American leaders disagreed on the principal strategy for attaining equal rights D. Numerous African Americans were lynched, and mob attacks on African American individuals occurred in both the North and the South E. Africans Americans from the rural South migrated to both southern and northern cities

B

Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "redeemer" administrations? A. Participation by both whites and African Americans in local government B. Establishment of a public school system C. Election of African American majorities to state legislatures D. Establishment of a vigorous Republican Party in the south E. Opening of public facilities to African Americans

B

"This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer and strictly bound as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community—the man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren.'' These sentiments are most characteristic of A. Transcendentalismo B. Pragmatism C. The Gospel of Wealth D. The Social Gospel E. Reform Darwinism

C

"We believe that the time has come when the railroad corporations will either own the people or the people must own the railroads ... We demand a national currency, safe, sound, and flexible ... We demand a graduated income tax ... We demand a free ballot." Which of the following groups included the passage above in its platform? A. AFL B. Union-Labor Party C. People's Party (Populists) D. National Grange E. Democratic Party

C

All of the following are true of railroad expansion in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that it A. Opened new territories to commercial agriculture B. Accelerated the growth of some older cities and created new one C. Was financed by private corporations without government assistance D. Led to new managerial forms and techniques E. Was often capitalized beyond what was needed

C

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measures EXCEPT the A. Enactment of black codes by southern legislatures B. Outbreak of race riots in New Orleans and Memphis C. Massive exodus of former slaves from the South D. Election of former confederates to congress E. Response of southern legislatures to the fourteenth amendment

C

Mary Lease speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union about economic hardship 1890 In the speech, Lease was reacting primarily to the problems faced by which of the following groups A. Bankers B. Southern European migrants C. Farmers D. African Americans

C

Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the US at the end of the Spanish-American War? A. Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain B. Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims C. Acquisition of the Philippine Island D. Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control E. Increases in size of the army and navy

C

Which of the following best describes the situation of freedom in the decade following the Civil War? A. Each was given 40 acres of land and a mule by the Union gov't B. All were immediately granted political equality by the Emancipation Proclamation C. The majority entered sharecropping arrangements with former masters of other nearby planters D. They were required to pass a literacy test before being granted US citizenship E. They supported the passage of black codes to ensure their economic and political rights

C

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South? A. A major redistribution of land ownership B. A diversification of crops C. A cycle of debt and depression for southern tenant farmers D. A rise in cotton yields per acre from antebellum production levels E. The termination of the control exerted by white landowners of former slaves

C

William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" oration was primarily an expression of his A. Fundamentalist religious beliefs B. Neutral stance toward the belligerents of the First World War C. Advocacy of free and unlimited coinage of silver D. Opposition to teaching the theory of evolution in public schools E. Anti-imperialist convictions

C

In the late nineteenth century, all of the following encouraged American jingoism EXCEPT A. Yellow journalism B. The New Navy policy of Alfred Thayer Mahan and Theodore Roosevelt C. The example of European imperialism D. The flooding of American markets by foreign producers E. Social Darwinism

D

Mary Lease speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union about economic hardship 1890 "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation" People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the following solutions? A. Separate but equal segregated facilities to increase job opportunities for white workers B. Continuation of the gold standard as the basis for money C. Reduced gov't involvement in the economy in order to crate more competition D. A stronger gov't role in the economic system

D

The black codes passed in a number of southern states after the civil war were intended to A. Close public schools to the children of former slaves B. Promote the return of former slaves to Africa C. Enable black citizens to vote in federal elections D. Place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to black people E. Further the integration of southern society

D

All of the following account for nativist sentiment against the "new immigrants" of the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that the immigrants A. Practiced different religions B. Had different languages + cultures C. Were willing to work for lower wages than were native-born workers D. Were not familiar with the US political system E. Dominate the professions of law, medicine, and engineering

E

Frederick Jackson Turner's "frontier hypothesis" focused on the importance of A. The traditions of Western European culture B. The absence of a feudal aristocracy C. Black people and black slavery D. The conflict between capitalists and workers E. The existence of cheap unsettled land

E

From the 1880s to the beginning of the New Deal, the dominant American Indian policy of the US government sough to A. Strengthen traditional tribal authority B. Relocate all American Indians to the Oklahoma territory C. Encourage American Indian emigration to Canada D. Encourage American Indians to preserve their languages and religions E. Break up tribal landholdings

E

In the late nineteenth-century US, farmers sought federal relief from distress caused by A. Low tariffs B. Natural disasters C. Inflationary monetary policies D. Excise taxes on agricultural products E. Discriminatory freight rates

E

The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's A. Dismissal of union workers B. Introduction of scrip in part of payment wages C. Retraction of its promise to provide an employee insurance and retirement plan D. Employment of immigrant labor at less than a living wage E. Cutting wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents

E

Which of the following was true of the American labor movement in the late 19th century? A. It was controlled by immigrant socialists and anarchists B. It was confined to factory workers C. It was protected from employer harassment by federal law and policy D. It was allied with the Democratic Party E. It was involved in a number of violent strikes

E

Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877?

The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election